LectureSummary(3February)

Vorticity
as:

SummaryofLectureon3February
(Greekalphabetzeta)isakinematic quantitydefined
v
x

u
y

(2.2.1)

Vorticity istwice themeanangularvelocityofafluidelement:

2

(2.2.2)

Vorticity =0
Irrotational orpotential flow
fluidelementsarenotrotating( =0)
Vorticity
0
flowisrotational
fluidelementsarerotating (
ME2135FluidMechanicsII

0)
LS71

LectureSummary(5February)

SummaryofLectureon5 February
Circulation isthecounterclockwise lineintegralofthevelocity
aroundaclosedloopC:
v
u
V ds
udx vdy
dxdy
dxdy (2.2.9)
x
y
C

Circulation=lineintegralofvelocity=areaintegralofvorticity

DifferentialFormofMassConservationEquation orContinuity
Equationfor2Dincompressibleflow
u
v
0
(2.3.1)
x
y
LS81

ME2135FluidMechanicsII

SummaryofLectureon5 February
x, y suchthat
Definestreamfunction
u

LectureSummary(5February)

(2.4.1)

y
x
x, y automaticallysatisfiestheContinuityEquation:

u
v
(2.3.1)
0
x
y
(i) Linesofconstant correspondtostreamlines oftheflow
(ii) Changein between2streamlines=volumeflowrate between2
streamlines:
q
(2.4.8)
2
1
(iii) Aflowisirrotational ifandonlyif satisfiestheLaplacesequation:
2

2
2

(2.4.10)

x
y
Laplacesequationislinear cansuperposeelementaryirrotational
flowstogeneratemorecomplicatedirrotational flows
ME2135FluidMechanicsII

LS82

LectureSummary(10February)

SummaryofLectureon10February
Elementary2Dirrotational flows:
(a)UniformFlow
(b)LineSource

q
2

Uy

(q >0)
(c)LineSink

(d)FreeVortex

q
2

ln r

(q <0)
ME2135FluidMechanicsII

LS91

LectureSummary(12February)

SummaryofLectureon12February
Uniformflow +Source FlowpastHalfRankine Body
q
1 y
Uy
tan
2
x

0 or x

(2.7.1)

2 Uy
y cot
q

q
0,
4U

ME2135FluidMechanicsII

LS101

LectureSummary(12February)

Source +Sink:

SummaryofLectureon12February
Doublet:

y
q
2 sy
1
tan
2
x2 y 2 s2
ME2135FluidMechanicsII

x2 y 2
2sq
LS102

LectureSummary(12February)

SummaryofLectureon12February
Uniformflow +SourceSink Pair FlowpastFullRankine Body
0
0

ME2135FluidMechanicsII

Uy
0 or

q
2sy
1
tan
2
x2 y 2 s2
x2

y2

s2

s2

y
1 2 cot 2
s

Us y
q s

LS103

LectureSummary(17February)

SummaryofLectureon17February
Uniformflow +Doublet FlowpastNonRotatingCircularCylinder
qs

y
x

Uy

or

Ur sin

qs
U
Onsurfaceofcylinder: u ' 0 ; v ' 2U sin ; C p
L 0
D 0 (dAlemberts paradox)

0 or x 2

y2

S
ME2135FluidMechanicsII

a2
r

(2.7.16)

a2

1 4sin 2

S
LS111

LectureSummary(3March)

SummaryofLectureon3 March
FlowpastNonRotating CircularCylinder+Irrotational (free)vortex
FlowpastRotating CircularCylinder
Ur sin

a2
r2

r
ln
2
a

Onsurfaceofcylinder: u ' 0 ; v ' 2U sin

L
D

2 a
U (KuttaJoukowski Theorem;MagnusEffect)
0 (dAlemberts paradox)

4 Ua
4 Ua sin 0

ME2135FluidMechanicsII

4 Ua

4 Ua

LS121

LectureSummary(3March)

SummaryofLectureon3March
VelocityPotentialfunction existsifandonlyiftheflowis
irrotational (
V 0 ):
V
grad
(2.8.3)

(2.8.5)

(2.8.6)

In2Dirrotational flow,streamlines intersectequipotentiallinesat

rightangles linesofconstant
linesofconstant
VelocityPotentialfunction satisfiesLaplacesequationdueto
continuity (massconservation):
2

2
2

(2.8.6)

LaplacesEquationfor islinear complexsolutionscanbe

obtainedfromsuperpositionofsimplesolutionsfor
ME2135FluidMechanicsII

LS122

SummaryofLectureon3March

LectureSummary(3March)

MethodofImages
Whenasource,sink orvortex isplacednexttoawall,animage is
addedtocanceloutthenormalvelocitycomponenttothewall

ME2135FluidMechanicsII

LS123