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Summary of Equations
Improving Thermal Efficiency
of the Steam Power Cycles

Q b () H 2 H1 Q net () Q b + Qc

Qc () H 4 H 3 = H 2 H1 H 4 H 3
Wt () H 3 H 2
Wp () H1 H 4 V4 (P1 P4 )
Wnet () WT + WP = H 3 H 2 H1 H 4
-Wnet H 2 H1 H 4 H 3 Q net

UST ChE Department

Summary of Equations (With

Irreversibility of Turbine and Pump)
t turbine efficiency; p pump efficiency

Wt () H 3 H 2 t (H'3 H 2 )
H'3 based on S3 S2

Wp () H1 H 4

V4 (P1 P4 )

Wnet () WT + WP = H 3 H 2 H1 H 4
-Wnet H 2 H1 H 4 H 3 Q net

Increasing Thermal Efficiency

Increasing Boiler Pressure (Normal Limit
=10 MPa)
2. Increasing Superheated Temperature
(Normal Limit = 600oC)
3. Lowering Condensing Temperature
(Limited by Ambient or Climate
Temperature)
4. Increasing Feedwater Temperature in
stages (Regenerative Cycle)
1.

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More Exercises:

Solution if Saturated Boiler Steam

Recalculate previous example if the

boiler steam is just saturated;
2. Recalculate previous example if the
boiler steam is at 10 MPa, 600oC;
3. Recalculate previous example if the
condenser pressure is at 8 kPa
4. Recalculate previous example if the
boiler steam is at 10 MPa, 600oC and
condenser pressure is at 8 kPa
1.

Solution if Boiler Steam is at

10 MPa, 600oC

Solution if Condenser @ 8 kPa

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Solution if Boiler Steam at 10MPa,

600oC and Condenser @ 8kPa

Reheat Rankine Cycle

Reheat Rankine Cycle

Reheat Rankine Cycle

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Example Using Reheat Cycle

Diagrams

Resolve the original example if the Reheat Cycle

is used with the superheated steam from the boiler
expanding isentropically to saturated steam in the
first stage turbine, and then reheated before expanding
again isentropically in the second stage turbine to
saturated steam and then passing the condenser

Solution to Reheat Cycle (Saturated

Steam from 2 Turbines)