CHE.

530

Homework 1

Due: 9/3/2015

1a: There is a water container which contains 10L of water. Water is removed from the
container at the rate of 4% of the total mass of water per hour. Find the mass of water in the
container (MH2O) as a function of time. (2 points)
1b: There is now a reaction which generates water at the rate of 1L every 6 hours
(continuously). What is the new MH2O as a function of time? (2 points)
2: In page 12 of the notes, we obtained the following equation: N2 CV T2 - N1 CV T1 = N CP Tin
Use the ideal gas law (P V = N R T) and the fact that the volume of the system doesnt change
to obtain T2 as a function of (P1, P2, T1, Tin, CV and CP). (2 points)
3: In page 13 of the notes, you are told that using the mass balance: N1i = N1f + N2f and the
energy balance: N1i U1i= N1f U1f+ N2f U2f we can show that P1i = P1f + P2f. Show how this is
obtained. (4 points)

4: We will now solve a problem similar to that of example 2 on page 13 of the notes. A gas
undergoes a reversible and quick expansion from P1, V1, and T1 to P2, V2, and T2. Assume ideal
gas behavior and constant CV and CP values (not functions of temperature). Also assume there
is no heat exchanged or shaft work. Find P2 as function of (P1, V1, CP, CV, and V2). (6 points)
5a: The most simple heat engine which is thermodynamically allowable takes heat from source
1 (high temperature) at the rate of Q(dot)1 at T1, and expels it at the rate of Q(dot)2 at T2. It is
also able to generate work at the rate of W(dot). Assume a reversible and steady state process.
Find the work done by this system (-W) in terms of Q1, T1 and T2. (2 points)
This is the maximum possible work obtained by any real engine.
5b: Compare your results to that of the work generated by the
Carnot cycle. What does this tell you about the Carnot cycle?
(1 point)
5c: Redo the work in part a and show how the work generated
is different if the process is not reversible (but still steady state).
(1 point)

6: In class we found the total work obtained from 1 cycle of the Carnot engine in terms of Q1, T1,
and T2. Find the work obtained from each step separately in terms of the P, V and T for each
step (assume ideal gas with constant heat capacities). Hint: your answer from question 4 can
come in handy for some steps. (9 points)
7a: Derive the other three Maxwell equations (one was demonstrated in class, in page 24 of
notes). (6 points)
7b: Derive the equation obtained in page 25 of notes for dS in terms of dT and dP. (2 points)