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LESSON PLAN: ANALOGY

YEAR LEVEL: 11

DATE: 1ST October 2015

TIME: 90 mins (Double lesson)

TEACHER: Mrs
Whiting

BIOLOGY: Unit 4:
Infectious Disease

TOPIC: Star Wars analogy for the


immune system

ACTIVITY
An analogy for the immune systems response to pathogens has been created using
characters and concepts from Star Wars. This method of instruction is most effective if the
students are familiar with the analogue (Harrison, 2012), Star Wars is a popular series of
movies that most students would have seen, or at the least be aware of. The good vs evil
and war analogies are also something that most people have been exposed to once if
not multiple times in their lives. To ensure this analogy is constructed effectively, the six
steps of the Teaching-with-analogies model was followed (Glynn, 2007). Star Wars
characters and concepts have been listed against their analogue for the role of, or
components of the immune system. A basic outline for the analogy has been constructed
and the students are to create a story that highlights the functions of the immune
system.
As a class group the story will be acted out, with each student selecting a part to play.
To ensure students have grasp on what an analogy is, and to avoid any misconceptions,
the reasoning behind the use of a war type analogy with the immune system is explained
clearly at the beginning of the lesson (Brown, & Salter, 2010; Glynn, 2007; Harrison,
2012).
STUDENTS PREVIOUS KNOWLEDGE
Students have completed the unit of work on Infectious disease and the human bodys
response to pathogens. They have a good understanding of the immune system and the
different lines of defence against pathogens.
RESOURCES REQUIRED FOR LESSON
Star Wars costumes (if possible)
Cardboard name labels
Classroom: either conduct class outside if a nice day or in a big classroom that has
lots of space.
Recordings of Star Wars music
Immune system script
ACARA CURRRIUCULM CONTENT
SCIENCE UNDERSTANDING
ACSBL116: Infectious disease differs from other disease (for example, genetic and
lifestyle diseases) in that it is caused by invasion by a pathogen and can be
transmitted from one host to another.
ACSBL117: Pathogens include prions, viruses, bacteria, fungi, protists and parasite.
ACSBL118: Pathogens have adaptations that facilitate their entry into cells and
tissues and their transmission between hosts; transmission occurs by various
mechanisms including through direct contact, contact with body fluids, and via
contaminated food, water or disease-specific vectors.
ACSBL119: When a pathogen enters a host, it causes physical or chemical changes
(for example, the introduction of foreign chemicals via the surface of the pathogen,
or the production of toxins) in the cells or tissues; these changes stimulate the host
immune responses.
ACSBL124: Transmission and spread of disease is facilitated by regional and global
movement of organisms.
ACSBL125: The spread of a specific disease involves a wide range of interrelated
factors (for example, persistence of the pathogen within hosts, the transmission
mechanism, the proportion of the population that are immune or have been

immunised, and the mobility of individuals of the affected population); analysis of


these factors can enable prediction of the potential for an outbreak, as well as
evaluation of strategies to control the spread of disease.

ASSESSMENT OF LESSON OUTCOMES


This is a formative task, student involvement in the activity will be observed.

EVALUATION

Did the students follow the concept of the analogy well?


Did the analogy cause confusion for the students?
Did the students find their understanding of the immune system responses
heightened after the role play?

Brown, S. & Salter, S. (2010). Analogies in Science Teaching. Advances in


Physiology Education 34(4) 167-169. Doi: 10.1152/advan.00022.2010
Glynn, S. (2007). The Teaching-With-Analogies Model. Science & Children
44(8) 52-55
Harrison, A., (2012). Teaching and Learning Science with Analogies. In G.
Venville, & V. Dawson (Eds.). The Art of Teaching Science: For middle
and secondary schools. Allen & Unwin

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