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TUTOR:
JOSE ADEL BARRERA
+ 72
0.12
0.22
0.33 = 19.30
0.23 =
7.85
103 = 71.40
210.12 = 648.59
2 = 3.09
. 11 + 7(3.09) 0.3(7.016) = 19.30
. 11 21.63 + 2.10 = 19.30
. 11 = 19.30 + 19.53
. 11 = 0.23
1 = 2.3
= .
Solucin: { = .
= .
. 1(2.3) + 7(3.09) 0.3(7.016) = 19.30
19.2952 = 19.30
MTODO GAUSS-JORDAN
1: 0.11
2: 3.01
3: 0.31
+ 72
0.12
0.22
0.33 = 19.30
0.23 =
7.85
103 = 71.40
0.1
3.0
0.3
7
0.3 19.30
0.1 0.2
7.85
0.2 10 71.40
1
3.0
0.3
70
3 193
0.1 0.2
7.85
0.2 10 71.40
Dividimos la f1/0.1
-3f1+f2
-0.3f1+f3
1
0
0
70
210.1
21.2
3 193
8.8 586.85
9.1 129.3
Dividir f2/-210.1
1
0
0
70
3 193
1
0.042 2.793
21.2
9.1 129.3
-70f2+f1
21.2f2+f3
1
0
0
0
0.06 2.51
1 0.042 2.793
0
9.99 70.09
1
0
0
0
0.06 2.51
1 0.042 2.793
0
1 7.016
f3/-9.99
Multiplicar 0.042f3+f2
0.06f3+f1
1
0
0
0
0 2.09
1 0 3.09
0 1 7.016
= .
Solucin. : { = .
= .
. 1(2.09) + 7(3.09) 0.3(7.016) = 19.30
19.3162 = 19.30
METODO DE GAUSS-SEIDEL
Se despejan las variables sobre la original
=
. + . + .
. . + .
. . + .
.
=
= .
. . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. + . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
= . = .
= . (. ) = .
= . . = .
No se cumple la condicin
& = , ,
Entonces se toman los valores calculados en la ltima iteracin como supuestos para la siguiente
iteracin.
. + . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
= . = .
= . (. ) = .
= . . = .
. + . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
. . (. ) + . (. )
=
= .
= . . = .
= . (. ) = .
= . . = .
Haciendo un breve anlisis de los mtodos Gauss, Gauss-Jordan y Gauss-Seidel, utilizados para la
resolucin de los sistemas de ecuaciones lineales, se puede decir que los mtodos Gauss y GaussJordan, ofrecen una mayor complejidad en la resolucin de este tipo de ecuaciones y sus resultados son
imprecisos, mientras que el mtodo Gauss-Seidel, ofrece una mayor precisin en los resultados
obtenidos y su forma de desarrollar mediante iteraciones es ms fcil de realizar.
3. Solucione el siguiente ejercicio utilizando los Mtodo de eliminacin de Gauss, GaussJordn y Gauss-Seidel. Compare los resultados y haga un pequeo anlisis.
17 X1 2 X2 3 X3 = 500
5 X1 + 21 X2 2 X3 = 200
5 X1 5 X2 + 22 X3 = 30 Utilizar un = 5%
MTODO DE ELIMINACIN DE GAUSS
1: 171
2: 5.01
3: 51
22
+ 212
52
33 = 500
23 = 200
+223 = 30
3 =
272.3
= 13.4
20.32
3 = 13.4
5 = 20.42 2.93 = 347.05
20.42 2.9(13.4) = 347.05
{
Solucin: = .
= .
171 22 33 = 500
17(34) 2(18.92) 3(13.4) = 500
499.96 = 500
MTODO GAUSS-JORDAN
1: 171
2: 5.01
3: 51
17
5.0
5
22
+ 212
52
2
21
5
33 = 500
23 = 200
+223 = 30
3
2
22
500
200
30
Dividimos la f1/17
1
5.0
5
5f1+f2
5f1+f3
1
0
0
0.12
20.4
5.6
0,18
2.9
21.1
29.41
347.05
177.05
1
0
0
0.12
1
5.6
0,18
0.14
21.1
29.41
17.01
177.05
Dividir f2/20.4
0.12f2+f1
5.6f2+f3
1
0
0
0
1
0
0.20 29.41
0.14 31.45
20.32
272.31
F3/20.32
1
0
0
0
1
0
0.20
0.14
1
29.41
31.45
13.40
Multiplicar 0.14f3+f2
0.20f3+f1
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
32.09
33.33
13.40
= .
{
Solucin. : = .
= .
171 22 33 = 500
22
+ 212
52
33 = 500
23 = 200
+223 = 30
1 =
500 + 22 + 33
17
2 =
200 + 5.01 + 23
21
3 =
30 + 5.01 + 5.02
22
Iteracin 1
Suponemos que 2 = 0 y 3 = 0
1 =
500
17
1 = 29.41
Sustituimos 1 = 29.41 y 3 = 0 en 2
2 =
200 + 5.0(29.41)
21
2 =
347.05
21
2 = 16.53
3 =
30 + 5.0(29.41) + 5.0(16.53)
259.7
=
22
22
3 = 11.80
Iteracin 2
1 = 29.41, 2 = 16.53 y 3 = 11.80
1 =
2 =
3 =
30 + 5.0(33.44) + 5.0(18.61)
290.25
=
= 13.19
22
22
Iteracin 3
1 = 33.44, 2 = 18.61 y 3 = 13.19
1 =
1 = 33.93
2 =
3 =
30 + 5.0(33.93) + 5.0(18.86)
293.95
=
= 13.36
22
22
= .
Solucin. : { = .
= .
171 22 33 = 500
X
1
Y=f(x) -2
3() = (0)
3 () = 2
3 () = 2
3 () =
3
1
5
2
7
-3
( 1)( 2)( 3)
( 0 )( 2 )( 3 )
( 0)( 1 )( 3)
( 0 )( 1 )( 2 )
+ (1 )
+ (2)
+ (3 )
(0 1)(0 2)(0 3)
(1 0)(1 2)(1 3 )
(2 0 )(2 1 )(2 3)
(3 0)(3 1 )(3 2 )
( 3)( 5)( 7)
( 1)( 5)( 7)
( 1)( 3)( 7)
( 1)( 3)( 5)
+1
+2
3
(1 3)(1 5)(1 7)
(3 1)(3 5)(3 7)
(5 1)(5 3)(5 7)
(7 1)(7 3)(7 5)
( 3)( 5)( 7)
48
( 3)( 5)( 7)
24
+1
( 1)( 5)( 7)
16
( 1)( 5)( 7)
16
+2
( 1)( 3)( 7)
16
( 1)( 3)( 7)
8
( 5)
1
1
3 () = ( ( 2 6 + 5)) [ 7 + 3] + [ ( 2 10 + 21)] [
( 1)]
16
8
3
1
1
5 3 + 3
3 () = ( ( 2 6 + 5)) [4] + [ ( 2 10 + 21)] [
]
16
8
3
1
1
2 2
3 () = ( ( 2 6 + 5)) [4] + [ ( 2 10 + 21)] [
]
16
8
3
1
1
+1
3 () = ( ( 2 6 + 5)) + [ ( 2 10 + 21)] [
]2
4
8
3
1
1
+1
3 () = ( ( 2 6 + 5)) [ ( 2 10 + 21)] [
]
4
4
3
2 3 5
2 5 21 + 1
3 () = (
+ )[
+ ][
]
4
2
4
4
2
4
3
2 3 5
3 + 2 5 2 + 5 21 + 21
3 () = (
+ )[
+
]
4
2
4
12
6
12
3 () =
2 3 5 3 2 5 2 5 21 21
+
+
+
4
2 4 12 12
6
6
12 12
3 () =
3 2 7
+ +
3
12 2 12
48
( 1)( 3)( 5)
( 5)
1
1
3 () = ( ( 1)( 5)) [( 7) ( 3)] + [ ( 3)( 7)] [
( 1)]
16
8
3
( 5) (3 3)
1
1
3 () = ( ( 2 6 + 5)) [4] + [ ( 2 10 + 21)] [
]
16
8
3
( 1)( 3)( 5)
16
6.
Para la siguiente tabla obtenga el Polinomio de Interpolacin de diferencias finitas de Newton e
Interpole en el punto x =3
X
y
7
6
1430 908
4
278
2
40
-4
-242
3 () = 0 + 1 ( 0 )+2 ( 0 )( 1 )+3 ( 0 )( 1 )( 2 )
0 = (0 ) = 1430
Primeras diferencias divididas
1 = (1 , 0 ) =
(2 , 1 ) =
(3 , 2 ) =
(3 , 2 ) 40 278 238
=
=
= 119
3 2
24
2
(4 , 3 ) =
(4 , 3 ) 242 40 282
=
=
= 47
4 3
4 2
6
(4 , 3 , 2 , ) =
(4 , 3 ) (3 , 2 ) 47 119 72
=
=
=9
4 2
4 4
8
Tercera diferencia
3 = (3 , 2 , 1 , 0 ) =
(4 , 3 , 2 , 1 ) =
(3 , 2 , 1 ) (2 , 1 , 0 ) 49 69 20
=
=
=4
3 0
27
5
(4 , 3 , 2 ) (3 , 2 , 1 ) 9 49 40
=
=
=4
4 1
4 6 10
7.
Para la siguiente tabla obtenga el Polinomio de Interpolacin de diferencias finitas de Newton e
Interpole en el punto x = -14/15
X
0
-1
-1/3 -2/3
y
-2
-4
-8/3 -32/9
Se organizan los datos detal forma que los valores de x esten de menor a mayor
X
Y
-1
-4
-2/3
32/9
-1/3
-8/3
0
-2
3 () = 0 + 1 ( 0 )+2 ( 0 )( 1 )+3 ( 0 )( 1 )( 2 )
0 = (0 ) = 4
Primeras diferencias divididas
32
(1 , 0 ) 9 (4)
1 = (1 , 0 ) =
=
=
2
1 0
3 (1)
8
32
(2 , 1 ) 3 ( 9 )
(2 , 1 ) =
=
=
1
2
2 1
( )
3
3
4
9=4
1 3
3
8
9 =8
1 3
3
8
2
(3 , 2 ) 2 + 3
(3 , 2 ) =
=
= 3 =2
1
1
3 2
3
3
Segundas diferencias divididas
8 4
(2 , 1 ) (1 , 0 )
2 = (2 , 1 , 0 ) =
= 3 3 =
1
2 0
+1
3
4
3 =2
2
3
8
2
(3 , 2 ) (2 , 1 ) 2 3 3
(3 , 2 , 1 , ) =
=
=
= 1
2
2
3 1
0+3
3
Tercera diferencia
3 = (3 , 2 , 1 , 0 ) =
(3 , 2 , 1 ) (2 , 1 , 0 ) 1 2 3
=
=
= 3
3 0
0+1
1
4
2
2
1
3 () = 4 + ( + 1) + 2( + 1) ( + ) 3( + 1) ( + ) ( + )
3
3
3
3
4
4
5
2
2
3 () = 4 + + + 2 ( 2 + + ) 3 ( 2 + + ) ( + 1)
3
3
3
3
9
4
4
10
4
2
2
3 () = 4 + + + 2 2 + + 3 ( 3 + 2 + + 2 + + )
3
3
3
3
9
9
4
4
10
4
11
2
3 () = 4 + + + 2 2 + + 3 ( 3 + 2 2 + + )
3
3
3
3
9
9
4
4
10
4
11
2
3 () = 4 + + + 2 2 + + 3 3 6 2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3 () = 3 3 4 2 + 2
14
14
14 3
14 2
14
3 ( ) = 3 ( ) 4 ( ) + ( ) 2
15
15
15
15
15
=
14
14
1492
3 ( ) =
15
15
375