Relative Equilibrium: Uniform Linear Acceleration - -pa ais oriented in the x-y plane so that there is cy no component in the z-axis Newton’s Law SF = ma for a particle of volume d¥=dxdydz and mass p and weight y: f— j¥=-&p—jy=pa * = -pa— jy (gradient of p = max. rate of change in p; at right angles to €p, there is no change in p, i.e. surfaces of constant pressure including the free surface should be normal to ¥p). In component form: Bp -7 2.5 BiEL- ax “ay & p__%, P__V(4, 4% Op na ==- 1+}, ~=0 Ta ey We & ~f lla, +Ja,)-y Since p = p(x.y.2): dpa Pin Py s Bae (definition of i a, a, total differential), then a dx (a + “i For an incompressible fluid (9 and y constant), integration a a, ields: pa=-y—x-7 14S )ye yields: Zz ( z If p=po at x=0 and y=0, then c=po, and a, 4a, P=Py-y—=x-y\ l+— ly . g gEquation of free surface: set p=0 then solve for y PorP. a. =—-—9:_y4—PooP _ ate. 1 Wf rit ‘g Lines of constant pressure are parallel to free surface with slope — : a,+g Po Free surface intersects y axis at a. 5 714% Uniform Rotation about a Vertical Axis: Pressure does not ior vary normal to Mp; } w jy particle at P has centripetal -acceleration or, thus, a= -iarr > Op .-op .- op 2g, =-pa-jy; i+ jS+k—=ipa’r- ‘Wp = -pa — jy; thus, ar J ay 2 Pp IY (z normal to plane y-r; k is unit tangential vector) PLY oh, ca Po > ae or or g 3 oy Dn. P x Since p = p(y,r) only, 4? “3” ne Hy + arr and for y= constant: If p=pp at ¢=0 and y=0, then c=py, and P = Po* ma ze ee y 2g If p=p, at y=0 (setting origin at vertex), Pat