OSTEOLOGI DASAR

dr. A. Arief Munandar

dr. Yuli Fitriana

Tujuan Kuliah
Mengetahui secara umum susunan
tulang manusia
Mengetahui susunan tulang secara
anatomi, fisiologi dan patofisiologis

Fungsi

Memberikan bentuk tubuh

Menunjang berat badan
Tempat perlekatan otot
Pelindung organ tubuh yang lunak
Pergerakan (sendi)
Membentuk sel-sel darah
Penyimpanan zat (Ca, P, Mg)

Kerangka Manusia
Kerangka tersusun oleh:
1.Tulang rawan (kartilago)
2.Tulang keras (osteo)

Kerangka Manusia
Skeleton axial
Kerangka
sumbu badan
Skeleton
appendiculare
Kerangka
anggota gerak

Axial Skeleton
Cranium
Neurocranium

Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os

frontalis (1)
parietalis (2)
temporalis (2)
occipitalis (1)
ethmoidalis (1)
sphenoidalis (1)

Viscerocranium

Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os

zygomaticus (2)
lacrimales (2)
nasalis (2)
vomer (1)
concha nasalis inferior (2)
maxilla (1)
mandibula (1)

Axial Skleton
Columna vertebralis
Vert.
Vert.
Vert.
Vert.
Vert.

Cervicalis (7)
Thoracalis (12)
Lumbalis (5)
Sacralis (5)
Coccygeus (3-4)

Axial Skeleton
Costae
Costae verae (sejati)
7 pasang

Costae spuria (palsu)

3 pasang

Costae fluctuantes (melayang)

2 pasang

Appendiculare Skeleton
Ekstrimitas superior
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os

scapula (2)
clavicula (2)
humerus (2)
ulna (2)
radius (2)
carpalia (2)

Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os

trapezium (2)
trapezoideum (2)
scapoideum (2)
lunatum (2)
capitatum (2)
hamatum (2)
triquetrum (2)
pisiformis (2)

Os metacarpalia (10)
Os phalanges (28)
Os sessamiod

Palmar

Dorsal

Os trapezium
Os
trapezoideum
Os scapoideum
Os lunatum
Os capitatum
Os hamatum
Os triquetrum
Os pisiformis

Os
metacarpal
Os phalanges

 Ekstrimitas inferior
Os coxae (2)
Os iliaca (2)
Os ischium (2)
Os pubicum (2)

Os femur (2)
Os patella (2)
Os tibia (2)
Os fibula (2)
Ossa tarsalia

Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os
Os

talus (2)
calcaneus (2)
naviculare (2)
cuboideum (2)
cuneiform media (2)
cuneiform intermedia (2)
cuneiform lateral (2)

Ossa metatarsal (10)

Os phalanges (28)
Os sessamoid (2)

Os iliaca

Os ischium

Os pubicum

Metatarsal

Os cuneiform
Os naviculatere

Os cuboideum

Os calcaneus
Os talus

STRUCTURE OF BONE
The matrix of bone
The cells of Mature bone

THE MATRIX OF BONE

Water (25%)
Organic Constituent (~25%)
Inorganic Constituent (~50%)

THE CELLS OF BONE

Osteogenic cells- stem cells.
Osteoblasts- bone building cells,
secrete matrix & collagen fibers.
Osteocytes- mature bone cells that no
longer secrete matrix.
Osteoclasts- bone digestion

Anatomy of a Long Bone

Diaphysis
Epiphysis
Metaphysis
Articular cartilage
Medullary cavity

Structure of Long Bone

Figure 6.3

Terima Kasih