ee erei tty Cee US Re eC | BLAST DESIGN FORMULAS Absolute Bulk Strength (ABS).... Absolute Weight Strength (as) Actual Scaled Distance .. Base-Charge Length . Burden Deck Stemming For Dry Holes For Wet Holes Face Height ... ©O2a2Dae Hole-to-Hole Delay Time .... Loading Density ‘Maximum Charge Weight per Delay 10 Minimum Distance. 10 Powder Factor 10 ‘Volume of Rock Input Weight of Rock Input Pre-Splitting Formulas for Air-Decked Charges " ‘Spacing of Ai-Decked Charges Weight of Alr-Decked Charges Stemming Colurnn Length Pre-Splitting Formulas for De-Coupled Charges .... Linear Charge Weight ‘Spacing between Pre-Split Holes Pressure Formula 1 ae 12 Relative Weight Strength (RWS) Resistance Formulas .. 12 “For Paralle Circuits -For Series Circuits Row-to-Row Delay Time.. 212 Stone Stemming Patel Size 112 Spacing... 13 Instant “Delayed Sub-Drilling 13 “Supersonic” Face Velocity 113 ‘Top-Stemming Length 113 Water Displacement .... na 14 Weight of Rock per Blast Hole .. na 4 Vibration Level Prediction ... 14 Peak Particle Velocity Prediction Site Specific Ground Transmission Constant Volume of Rock per Blast Hole 14Dae ena i Ty ETP ch ny eC) HOW TOREAD FORMULAS) FORMULA NAME FORMULA Base-Charge Length Formula \Varlables used In formula and required units in {brackets}. If input variables are not in required Units, then you must use the unit conversion tables. Absolute Bulk Strength (ABS) E,=[(03 > 05)xB]+u VARIABLES an [UNTS E, Length of base charge of high density explosives ft] B = Average burden [ft] J = Sub-driling depth [ft] ABS, = AWS, x de Acutual Scaled Distance Formula ABS . = Absolute bulk strength of the explosive [ecal/ee] AWS . = Absolute weight strength of the explosive [cava] |; = Density of the explosive [g/cm] Absolute Weight Strength (AWS) RBS_ x 7.462 AWS, = ~~ ‘AWS, = Absolute weight strength of the explosive [cava] ‘Actual Scaled Distance D SD= vw Maximum Charge Weight per Delay (3) Minimum Distance D=SDx JW RBS , = Relative bukk strength of the explosive IANFO = 100] 9 SD = Scaled distance factor W = Charge weight per delay [1b] Density of the explosive (crm?) D = Distance [ft]Dae ena i Ty EW Tar ee) Burden Formula o-0x{24{8|-13 Hole-to-Hole Delay Time Formula urden ft] 4d, = Density of the explosives (g/em!] Density of the rack (g/cm?) Diameter of uly coupled explosive column (in, Deck Stemming Formula Dy = (0 > 8) S art VARIABLES and UNITS) Dyy, = Delay time between holes in a row [ms] 'S = Spacing between holes in a row [ft] ForDryHoles T, = 0.5xD ForWetHioles Ty=1.0D 7, = Minimum length of stone deck consisting of particles of size T, ft] D = Blast-hole diameter {in} Face Height Formula H=(5>10)xD H = Face Height [ft] D = Blast-hole Diameter [in] Hole-to-Hole Delay Times to improve Fragmentation Rock Type ‘Sands, Lou, Marie aa Coe Some Linesones, Rock Sra ne sore Shale ‘Compsct Lirestoes and Mates, are Grantee ‘ar Bass Gustte Roces are ome Gretate nas ‘nd Gabbron Diabas, Diaase Porayrtze, Compact Greece, fra Mica Schate and Magoatites 09-12 Leading underground mining technology.Dae ena i Ty ETP ch ny eC) Loading Density Formula d,= 0.3404 x D,’x d, Minimum Distance Formula D=spx Jw VARIABLES ae UNITS) 4, = Explosives loading density (Ib/tt) ameter of explosives column [in] jensity of explosives [g/cm?] ‘SD = Scaled distance factor W-= Charge weight per delay (Io) D = Distance {ft} Loading a bast on an iron ore range. Maximum Charge Weight per Delay Powder Factor Formula Volume of Rack =e Vv PF PF = Powder factor (Ib/yd°] W, = Total weight of explosives used in blast lo] V =Total volume of rack generated in biast [yo] Weight of Rock pr - SD = Scaled distance factor charge weight per delay [1b] istance ft} -owder factor [Vib] ‘otal weight of rock generated in blast [t] W,= Total weight of explosives used in biast (lb)Dae ena i Ty ETP ch ny eC) Pre-Splitting Formulas for Air-Decked Charges Pre-Splitting Formulas for De-Coupled Charges Spacing of Air-Decked Charges $=(1.532.0)xD Linear Charge Weight S = Spacing between air-decked holes [ft] D = Diameter of blast-hole [in] D w= ‘28 VARIABLES ord UNITS) W,= Linear charge weight for pre-splitting explosive [byt] D = Diameter of blast-hole fin] Weight ot, jacked charges W =(0.08 4 0.12)x$xL,, ‘Spacing between Pre-Spilt Holes W = Weight of air-deck charge [Ib] pacing between bast-holes [ft] = Length of biast-hole (ft) ‘Stemming Column Length go 28 VARUBLES ond UNIT) pacing between pre-spit holes ft] D = Diameter of blast-hole [in] Pressure Formula r 091.2)xD ‘T= Stemming column length [ft] D = Diameter of blast-hole [In] P = 0.000000233 x VOD? x d, VARIABLES and UNITS) ressure (kbar) ‘Velocity of detonation of expiosive [ft/sec] Density of explosive [g/em?]Dae ena i Ty ETP ch ny eC) Relative Weight Strength (RWS) RWS, 000 Row-to-Row Delay Time Formula D, = (29 15)xB mt RWS, = Relative weight strength of the explosive [ANFO = 100), AWS. = Absolute weight strength of the explosive [cal] D,, = Delay time between consecutive rows [ms] = Maximum burden in front of @row of holes ft] Resistance Formulas Effects of Various Row-to-Row Delays For Parallel Circuits Rasy = Total resistance of the electrical circuit (0) R,..R, = Resistance of individual blasting caps or circuit branches [0] fects mint olen xcetae at-bat nd back-break 2 High le lose to ace, moderate a-blast and bock-ncck | 2-3 Average peg sveage ales andback-oreck | 3-4 ‘Seatores ple with minirur ack broak a6 Stone Stemming Particle Size Formula VARIABLES an [UNS Clean crushed stone stemming particle size [in] = Blast-hole diameter [in] Bulk trucks preparing for another day on the job.ee erei tty Lh hr a) J=(02 > 05)xB Spacing Formulas Tndustry’s leading Detonating Cond “Supersonic” Face Velocity Formula JH 4” VARIABLES ard (UNTS] " a4 " ast B = Burden (ft instant | $=20x8 |g-H*+@x8) J =Sub-dilng 3 Delayed | $ H + 0x8) VARINBLES ond (NTS) H = Face height [ft] B = Burden [ft] S = Blast-hole spacing {tt} Top Stemming Length Formula T= (0.7 > 1.3)xB VARIABLES ar UNITS Day = In order to avoid alr-biast from "supersonic* lateral face velocity, the delay between holes ‘must be more than D,,, ms} 'S = Spacing between blast holes [ft] Burden [ft] Top stemming length (ft)Dae ena i Ty ETP ch ny eC) Water Displacement Formula Vibration Level Predictation Formulas Peak Particle Velocity Prediction PPV = Kx SD" C= Number of explosives cartridges required to rise above standing water length of the standing water column Lenatn of one explosives cartridge [ft Diameter of explosives cartridges [in Dj = Diameter of biast-hole [in] HET Truck on display at an open house in 2001 PPV = Peak particle velocity [in/s] K = Ground transmission constant [K=160 if ro other seismic data is available) SD = Scaled distance factor Weight of Rock per Blast Hole Formula W=Vxa, jank volume of rock generated per blast-hole [yd] jank density of rock [yd] W =Welght of rock generated per blast-hole {t} Site Specific Ground Transmission Constant K= PPV x SpD'* K = Ground transmission constant PPV = Peak particle velocity [in/s] ‘SD = Scaled distance factor Volume of Rock per Blast Hole Formula BxSxH 27 VARIABLES on (UNS) V = Bank volume of rock per blast-hole [yd] urden [ft S = Spacing [ft] H = Face height [ft]