SS 30. A uniform rod PQ [see Fig. 7-16] of mass m and length L has its end P resting. against a smooth vertical wall AB while its other end @ is attached by means of an inextensible string OQ of length | to the fixed point O on the wall. Assuming that the plane of P, Q and O is vertical and perpendicular to the wall, show that equilibrium occurs if _ Vae—F Ws ‘There is only one actual foree, je, the weight mg of the rod, Other forces acting are the force of the wall on the rod and the tension in the string. However, these are con- straint forees and can do no work. This ean be seen since if P were to slide down the wall no work would be done, because the wall is frictionless and thus the force due to the wall on the rod is perpendicular to the wall. Also if Q were to drop, it could only move perpendicular to the string at @. Lot r be the position vector of the center of mass C [in this case also the center of gravity] relative to 0. Also lot i and j be unit vectors in the horizontal and vertical directions respectively so that r= i+vj. From Fig. 7-16, . sing = sina 0g = op +rq = 0c + cq ‘Then from (Z), on taking the dot product with i, OQ+i = OPE + PQ Since OP +i = 0, this reduces to ogi = PQ Ising = LsingSimilarly on taking the dot product of both sides of (2) with j, 0Q-j = 0€+) + CQ+i leona = y + flcoap Now a virtual displacement of the center of mass C is given by br = bei + bys Since mg is the only actual force, the principle of virtual work becomes mg ir = 0 Using (5), this becomes mg Sy = 0 or by Now from ($) and (4), we have leosasa = Leosf 58 -lsinada = by ~ \bsing 38 since / and L are constants and since § has the same properties as the differential operator d. Since 8y=0 from (7), these equations become cosa da = Leos ap @) Isine 8a = 4bsing 5p Oy From (8) and (9), we have on div ising 2 eos adNow from (3), sing = (i/L) sina so that cose = Vi — (P/L4) sinta ‘Thus equation (10) can be written 1 Usina Vi-sinta 2 PB sinta Dividing by sina and squaring both sides, we find and from (71) sing as required. 7.109. In Fig. 7-38, AC and BC are frictionless wires in a vertical plane making angles of 60° and 30° respectively with the horizontal. Two beads of masses 8 gm and 6 gm are located on the wires. connected by a thin rod of negligible mass. Prove that the system will be in equilibrium when the rod makes an angle with the horizontal given by tan—! (3/8). A B