Unit 2 Definitions

Operational Amplifier
- An Operational Amplifier, or op-amp for short, is fundamentally a
voltage amplifying device designed to be used with external feedback
components such as resistors and capacitors between its output and input
terminals. These feedback components determine the resulting function or
operation of the amplifier and by virtue of the different feedback
configurations whether resistive, capacitive or both, the amplifier can
perform a variety of different operations, giving rise to its name of
Operational Amplifier.

H-Bridge Motor Controller

- The H-Bridge is designed to drive a motor clockwise and
anticlockwise. To reverse a motor, the supply must be reversed and this is
what the H-Bridge does. An H-Bridge can be made with Switches, Relays,
Transistors or Mosfets.

Hall Effect Sensor

- A Hall Effect sensor is a transducer that varies its output voltage in
response to a magnetic field. Hall Effect sensors are used for proximity
switching, positioning, speed detection, and current sensing applications.

Passive Infrared Sensor

- A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that
measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. They
are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors.

IR Distance Sensor
- A proximity sensor is a sensor able to detect the presence of nearby
objects without any physical contact. A proximity sensor often emits an
electromagnetic field or a beam of electromagnetic radiation (infrared, for
instance), and looks for changes in the field or return signal.

555 Timer
-The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of
timer, pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to
provide time delays, as an oscillator, and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives
provide up to four timing circuits in one package.

Voltage Regulators
- A device that controls or maintains the voltage of an electrical circuit

Voltage Trigger
- The minimum voltage needed to turn on a thyristor

Opto-Isolator
- An opto-isolator (also known as optical coupler, opto-coupler and
opto-isolator) is a semiconductor device that uses a short optical
transmission path to transfer an electrical signal between circuits or
elements of a circuit, while keeping them electrically isolated from each
other. These components are used in a wide variety of communications,
control and monitoring systems that use light to prevent electrical high
voltage from affecting a lower power system receiving a signal.

Photo-Transistor
- A transistor that responds to light striking it by generating and
amplifying an electric current.

By: Cody Winsor