In this leaflet:

What is FUELIA JEB-40, 50, 60 and for what is it used?

What do you need to know before start using FUELIA?

Preamble
1. Procedure
2. What do you need to know before start using FUELIA?
2.1 Overview
2.2 Warning and precautions
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

FUELIA and other products

How it works
Mixing ratio
Optimal mixers
Using FUELIA
7.1 Engines (diesel)
7.2 Diesel burners (boilers)
7.3 Fuel Oil burners (Bunker)

8. Possible side effects:

8.1 What to do in case of mixture separation.
8.2 How to detect the phase inversion manually.
8.3 What to do when emulsion been stored long time.
8.4 Storage at low temperatures.
8.5 What to do if the engine or boiler shown difficult to start or operate erratically.
Produce white smoke.
8.6 Filter obstructions9. If you want to stop using FUELIA and re-oil normal fuel.
10. Conservation:
10.1 Storage of FUELIA
10.2 Storage of emulsion
10.3 Expire date
11. Content off the pack and further information.
12. Authorized responsible for marketing and manufacturing.
13. Date of last revision of this manual.

PREAMBLE
FUELIA is a powerful W/O (water in oil) emulsifier, easy to use.
It is specially formulated to emulsify heavy fuels such as BUNKER, for application in
heavy industry, marine engines, large burners - boilers, power plants ...
Emulsified fuels with FUELIA allows generally to reduce fuel consumption, improving
combustion, and consequently, it reduces pollution, smoke and particulate matter.
Although FUELIA is specially formulated for large industry, youll notice how the
product can also emulsify all kinds of fuels (as diesel, kerosene...), mineral and
vegetable oils.
Paraffin and even some epoxy resins can also be emulsified with outstanding results;
emulsified resins reduce their density, thus improve fibber tissue impregnation, and
reduce the working temperature, with the consequent savings in material.
Considering that each customer is dealing with fuels that could have different
characteristics (depending on each country, suppliers, additives ...), its imperative
that customers make their own tests to check and adapt the percentage of FUELIA
(emulsifier ), water and fuel until the optimum yields.

Procedure
Sample Procedure of manual mixing for 1 Kg emulsion with #2 automotive diesel at
12% water, 2.5% additive.
Materials:
1. High speed mixer (> 9000 rpm)
2. Heating system for raising fuel temperature.
3. Precision electronic weight
4. Containers.
5. Stickers to indicate production date, water-fuel-emulsifier percentage.
6. Funnel
7. Fuel
8. Distilled water
9. Additive FUELIA.
Step One: Prepare the amount of each component (diesel fuel, water, emulsifier) for total
emulsion to be prepared - according to mixer capacity.

Additive

Water

Fuel

For 1 Kg emulsion automotive diesel engine, prepare:

o
o
o

25 gr Additive (2.5%) in weight

120 gr Water (12.0%) in weight
855 gr Diesel (85.5%) in weight

Step two: Heat the fuel, the additive and water at 40C (104F) separately.

Step three Blend fuel with mixer while slowly pouring the emulsifying additive until well
blended. Let stand for 4-5 minutes, until the diesel regain its color and transparency.

1. FUEL

Step four:

2. Additive

mixing the first mixture (diesel-additive) while adding water very slowly
until the mixture gets an intense and homogeneous white. Then continue mixing for a
few minutes (in case of larger amounts mix to make at least three complete cycles of
the total volume of emulsion). As whiter is the emulsion, as better stability.

Water

Blend (fuel-additive)

FUELIA is a powerful emulsifier for most of mineral oils, fuels and vegetal
oils. This product is especially recommended for fuel-oil burners and
marine engines.
The use of this product to produce emulsions is at ones risk! The person or company who
has made emulsions with this product is the only responsible for its impeccable conditions,
stability and homogeneity.

INTRODUCTION
User operating information
FUELIA JEB-40, 50, 60
Additive (surfactant) for W / O emulsions (non edible vegetable oils; Mineral oils and variety of
fuels, tar and other oils derivates)
APPROXIMATE RATE OF USE (in weight):
1% - 3% FUELIA JEB-40, 50, 60
12% - 30% water
70% - 88% oils / fuels
Etilphenol/glicol
Read this prospectus carefully before you start using FUELIA JEB-40, 50, 60 because it contains
important information for optimal use and results.

Keep this leaflet because it can be useful at any time.

If you have questions, please contact us by e-mail or telephone.
This product was designed especially for use with non edible vegetable oils, biodiesel, diesel fuel
# 2 - # 6 and even Kerosene.
If you experience any side effects stop using it immediately and contact us.
Read this prospect regularly and consult FUELIAs website that will be updated regularly and
may change.

What is FUELIA JEB-40, 50, 60 and for what is it used?

FUELIA is a powerful W / O (water in oils) emulsifier, to emulsify vegetable inedible oils, fossil
fuels, biodiesel (and a wide range of mixing ratios between them), for use in diesel engines,
marine engines, industrial burners (boilers) diesel, heavy fuel oil (Bunker)...
FUELIA allows emulsifying these products in stable form* so they can even be stored for long
time, or even better for immediate and direct (online) use. The mixing ratios allow adjust to a
significant amount of water, balancing the calorific value, emission, and consumption. The
emulsified fuels NOT require changes in the original injection systems. Any damages have been
observed in engines, burners or injection systems.
Otherwise, improvements in all systems where detected, significantly in maintenance and
performance due to reduction of crust accumulation in heatexchangers and exhaust systems.
FUELIA is a lowest range concentration emulsifying additive (between 1% -3%), which
significantly reduces operating cost.
Interestingly, the increased percentage of FUELIA not implies greater stability and better
performance, so these percentages are recommended, although it depends on each machines,
use, quality of fuel and water, blending systems and experience.

1. What do you need to know before start using FUELIA?

1.1 Overview
Emulsified fuels allows to reduce pollutant emissions, saving fuel and to maintain
clean exhaust and heat exchanger systems.
In this leaflet various situations, in which you must stop using FUELIA or where the
emulsified fuel may be less reliable, are described. In these situations, you have to
remove the emulsified fuel from injection /combustion system and reuse
conventional fuel.
Emulsified oils and fuels with FUELIA allow substantial fuel savings while
significantly reducing emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere due to that
fossil fuel containing in emulsion, upon entering the combustion chamber, is
burned completely and virtually no leaving residue.
1.2 Warnings and Precautions
FUELIA allows emulsifying non edible vegetable oils, fuels and biodiesel in a
sufficiently stable form*. However, the quality of the emulsion and its stability
depends, in each case, upon several factors such as: each engine, burner, injection
systems, the use (is not the same vehicle diesel engine operated at variables
regimes, that a generator engine operating at fixed rate ...), the quality of fuel and
water, the proportions of the ingredients and the quality of the mixture (blending
equipment).

It is always recommended to perform preliminary tests to determine the optimal percentage

of water, fuel and FUELIA, according to the characteristics of each machine, operating
conditions and each customers needs.
Special recommendations when using chemical fuel emulsions stabilized with additive FUELIA
Before using FUELIA, check if it affects any of the following:

You must have an adequate mixing system to get emulsion homogeneity and optimum
droplet size, factors that directly affect the stability thereof.
The use of fuels with color additives can reduce the time and quality of emulsion stability.
Never pour emulsified fuel in the main fuel tank containing not emulsified oils because it
may be altered proportions and accelerating the flocculation / separation of phase. Always
empty the fuel tank first before pouring the emulsion, or use separate tanks with adequate
power valve systems. It is not necessary to empty the supply pipes, filters, pump (only if
emulsion is stable) It is enough to do this with fuel tanks.
If the emulsion produces abundant white smoke or irregular operation of the engine or
boiler, drain the system and re-enter conventional fuel.
In the case of boilers, use of emulsified fuel greatly increases oxygen levels, so it would be
advisable to adjust (reduce) the entry of outside air / oxygen)
A prolonged stagnation of emulsified fuel in filters may creating bacteria that could cause
filter clogging at long term
Therefore, its advisable to enter the emulsion in the feed system when ready to use. In
case of prolonged shutdown (weeks or months) would be appropriate to clean by running
on conventional fuel or use appropriate fungicides system.
In engines and boilers eventual use is recommended initial startup and heating with
conventional fuel and then running with emulsified fuel.
In case of prolonged storage, recommended to install a recycling pump with inlet pipe in
the bottom of the tank, to recycle all of the fuel at least once a week.
We have not tested the stability of the emulsion for a very long time because it is an
unwise and senseless practice. Its advisable to make emulsion short time as possible
before use.
Be sure to keep the emulsion at a temperature of 22C (71.60 F) and not take at
temperatures near to water boiling point.
Emulsified fuels are more effective in atmospheric and turbo diesel engines, as well as
heavy fuels / diesel burners (boilers) for industrial processes and heat. As less
sophisticated is the injection system, as more effective will be to use emulsioned fuel. In
high pressure diesel engines (fitted with Common Rail Systems) with low fuel consumption
has, in principle, no sense to use emulsified fuels.
In case of total separation of the emulsion, you can recover the fuel floating on the top and
reuse it. In case of any water (or water vapor) contamination in the tank or fuel system,
FUELIAs additive will emulsify it without causing any damage or operation disrupt.
An adverse effect of emulsions is the case of phase reversal, (from W / O to O / W) or
effect "mayonnaise" (flocculation). In that case the emulsion is unsuitable for use in
combustion systems, so preliminary trials are essential.
In internal combustion engines (diesel), as in boilers, cold start occurs a little later. It is
therefore advisable to use the emulsion fuel when the engine or boiler acquired
temperature. However, it is not a determining factor.

Not recommended to use emulsified fuels with FUELIA:

In fossil fuels with coloring additives that may affect stability and emulsion characteristics
(in these cases we have observed time reduction of emulsion stability)
In gasoline (because although it is possible to emulsify, blending systems may cause
explosions). Gasoline allowed emulsifying a very low percentage of water.

Not recommended too use emulsified fuels with FUELIA:

Under low temperatures (below -4 C). For lower temperatures is necessary to add
antifreeze in the water.
With heavy water or contaminated with bacteria or fungi.
In eventual use engines or boilers.

2. FUELIA and other products

FUELIA has developed powerful emulsifiers supported with inedible vegetable oils, fossil oils,
heavy fuels, biofuels and other petroleum products such as thermoplastic composites, paints...
Concerning water, it is suitable to use distilled water to increase stability. Use of potable
water, and even waste water or sea water is possible too. However, entails risks to the
machine depending on the degree of salinity, solid particulate matter...
The use of antifreeze in the water is possible. However, some chemical additives may alter the
stability of the emulsion. Pre-testing is necessary in each case.
Fuel emulsions made with FUELIAs additives not interfere the work with other fuels. However,
it is important to avoid mix between them in the same tank and wait exhausting one for using
the other.
Gas emissions:
Use of emulsified fuels reduce significantly levels of harmful gases, especially NOx, SOx, CO,
CO2, HC and PM (black smoke). However, the level of reduction depends on each case. Factors
as quality of the mixture, level of water in the emulsion, equipment and conditions of use, will
be crucial.

* Quality of emulsion and its stability depends, in each case, on several factors such as: each engine/burner, injection systems, the use (is not the
same a diesel engine vehicle operated at variable regimes, that a generator engine operating at fixed rate ...), the quality of fuel and water,
ingredients proportions and the quality of the mixture (blending equipment).

3. How it Works
Our technology has been applied to the #2, #4 (heating), #5, #6 (Bunker )diesel petrol, Biodiesel,
as well as Kerosene Jet A-1 (this one still in trial phase).
Emulsion is obtained by mechanical and ultrasound micronization process that results in
micro-drops formed by the three basic elements of the product: water in the core, hydrofuel
covering the water particles and finally the emulsifier between both previous elements with a
membrane that also helps in binding them to other micro-drops.

The nature of the new resulting fuel modifies

the traditional combustion sequence. Engine
injectors ignite the fuel by compressing
hydrofuel in such a way that the explosion
overheats the water particles trapped in the
core of the micro-drops. This overheating
results in water vapour that generates
turbulence inside the engines combustion
chamber.

This vapour breaks up the hydrofuel molecules resulting in complete burning of the fuel that
compensates the loss of energy due to the presence of the water particles added. The vapour
also eliminates un-burnt residual particles and helps the cleaning of engine parts and exhaust
system.

Complete
Combustion
Emulsified
Fuels

Primary
Atomization

Corporation
Products
Emulsion
Tecnology
Biodiesel Process

Secondary
Atomization
Reduced Emissions
+ Water Vapor

4. Mixing ratio
DIESEL #2 - BLENDING PROPORTIONS in weight

Water (%)
For engines
(trucks, buses, boats, trains, generators)

For Boilers
(Industrial burners, boilers)

Diesel (%)

12 - 15

82.5 86.0

1.5 - 2.5

18 - 20

77.5 86.0

1.5 - 2.5

ENGINES
Additive
Emulsifie
rWater

Corporation

JEB 40 (%)

BOILERS

1.5 - 2.5%

Additive
Emulsifie
rWater

12 - 15%

1.5 - 2.5%
18 - 20%

Products
Emulsion
Tecnology Transport Diesel

82.5 - 86%

Industrial Diesel
Heating diesel

Biodiesel Process

77.5 - 86%

Emulsion Process
Waste Collection

DIESEL #4, #5, #6 - BLENDING PROPORTIONS in weight

Water (%)
For Burners, Boilers
(Industrial burners, boilers, ships)

20 - 30
Burners Boilers

Additive
Emulsifie
rWater

Industrial Diesel
Heating diesel

1.0 - 2.0%
20 - 30%

68 - 79%

Diesel (%)
68 79

JEB 40 (%)
1.0 - 2.0

5. INDUSTRIAL BLENDING FACILITIES

4
FUEL

7
6
Control Board

3
13
12

11
Additives

15
10
21

19

14

20

22

23

WATER

18

17
END PRODUCT

Figure 1

Scheme Description
Figure 1 represents the basic device for making emulsified fuel according to our invention. The
devise comprises:
Fuel tank 1, adapted to contain the fuel to emulsify. The reservoir is connected via pipe 2 to a
variable displacement hydraulic pump 3 through the check valve 4, and a volumetric meter 5, 6
connected to the first mixer and the control panel 7.
The additive flows from the additive tank 8, and feed pipe 9 that connected to the first
hydraulic variable displacement pump 10, through the check valve 11, and a volumetric meter
12, connected to the first mixer 6 and control panel 7.
The pipe 13 mixer output 6 is connected to the second mixer 14, static, through the flow
sensor 15 which, in turn, is electrically connected to the control panel 7.
The water supply is obtained from the water tank 16 through pipe 17, the hydraulic variable
displacement pump 18, the check valve 19, and a volumetric meter 20, connected to second
mixer 14 and the control box 7.
The final product (emulsion) exits the secondary mixer 14 via pipe 21 through flow sensor 22
which is also electrically connected to the control panel 7 to the storage area (not shown) for
the end emulsified product.

6. Optimal Mixers
Static blender
We suggest using a static blender by SULZER...

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.

Static mixer 6 elements

Additive inlet
Static mixer 9 elements
Water inlet
Oil inlet
Emulsion outlet

...and ultrasound blender by HIELSCHER...

UIP1000-230
Ultrasonic Processor, 1000 W, 20 kHz, horn 30 mm, width 25
micron (adjustable 50-100%, separate generator and transducer
interface for remote control or UPC control

fuel
Water
Additive
Ultrasonic
Mixer
Static Mixer

Static Mixer

EMULSION

7. Using FUELIA
FUELIA is an additive that is ready to be mixed directly with the oil / fuel.
When preparing emulsified fuel with FUELIA, it is preferable to mix the additive with the fuel
prior to adding water. In case of inversed order of preparation, obtained product would risk being unstable. Furthermore, it is found that mixer should be constructed and used to reaches
internal pressure of about 6 bars / cm.
All ingredients are used at room temperature. The fuel (diesel) generally Remains liquid at
room temperature of 18 C (64.4F) - 22 C (71.6 F). Although during the process fuel is
heated slightly to improve mix ability. It is Advisable to heat the fuel to temperatures between
35 - 70 C / 158 F (for Bunker #5-6), depending on fuel, use and mixing device. Concerning
diesel #2, preferably 40C (104 F). Equally its necessary to use treated water free of bacteria
in order to improve stability of the end product. The average droplet size of the end product
(emulsion) is 10 (0.01 mm) to reach good results

7.1 Engines (diesel, turbo diesel)

In internal combustion engines (diesel engines), the optimum ratio in weight is 2.5%
additive, 12% water without significant loss of power seen. For generators and motors
operated at a fixed rate can reach 15% water in weight.
The orders of mixing and temperature conditions are always the same. For large
amounts of emulsion must have mixed systems designed for each volume, whether it
be mixed manually, such as whether to have an automatic system (by volume or
weight)
Obtaining a homogeneous and stable emulsion will depend on optimum component
proportions of the components (oil-water-emulsifier), the quality of fuel and water and
mixing machinery. Results in engines and boilers will depend on emulsion as well as
combustion system and use.

7.2 Diesel burners (boilers)

In boiler diesel burners the optimum ratio is 2.5% additive in weight, with 20% water in
weight, without significant loss of power seen. Due to presence of water in the fuel,
the oxygen level rises significantly, and will need to adjust (reduce) the air inlet.
The mixing order and temperature conditions are always the same. For large amounts
of emulsion must have blending systems designed for each volume, whether it be
mixed manually, such as whether to have an automatic system (volume or weight)
Obtaining an homogeneous and stable emulsion will depend on the optimum
proportions of the components (oil-water-emulsifier), the quality of fuel and water and
mixing machinery. Results in diesel burners will depend on the quality of the emulsion,
combustion systems and use

7.3 Fuel oil burners (Bunker)

In heavy fuel-oil burners the optimum ratio is 2.0% additive in weight, with 28% water
in weight, without significant loss of power seen. Due to presence of water in the fuel,
the oxygen level rises significantly, and will need to adjust (reduce) the air inlet.
The mixing order is always the same. Temperature need to be increase to liquefy the
fuel (60- 70C / 158F). For large amounts of emulsion must have blending systems
designed for each volume, whether it be mixed manually, such as whether to have an
automatic system (volume or weight)
Obtaining an homogeneous and stable emulsion will depend on the optimum
proportions of the components (oil-water-additive), the quality of fuel-water and
mixing machinery. Results in fuel-oil burners will depend on the quality of the
emulsion, combustion systems and use.

8. Possible side effects:

8.1 What to do in case of mixture separation.
Emulsion separation in the tank could be produced (by flocculation) for several
reasons: the principal is a mixture with insufficient energy (pressure) or use of
improper blending system. This would produce a larger drop size that would induce to
flocculation (joining drops). Another reason for separation could be an insufficient
amount of emulsifier (additive).
In some cases flocculation (dense slurry at the bottom of the tank) can be attempted
remixing. In severe flocculation/separation (when emulsion in bottom tank has a
dense appearance), wait until total separation, recover the oil / fuel from top of the
tank for reuse, and remove the rest from bottom.

8.2 How to detect the phase inversion manually.

FUELIA additive is an emulsifier for W / O emulsions. The use of inadequate amounts
of additive, insufficient or inadequate mixture process /means could cause a phase
inversion. Phase inversion, that is, the passage from W / O to O / W, could be given in
some cases. The simplest form of detecting is by detection of water paste: if a paste
color change (from brown to pink) is that it is O / W emulsion. If no color change (paste
dont detect water) is that we have a W / O emulsion. Another way is by touch: If the
emulsion is easily washed with water which is O / W and if otherwise it is oily so W / O.

8.3 What to do when the emulsion been stored long time

FUELIA additives allow emulsify oils / fuels stably even during months. Therefore it can
be stored. However, if you anticipate prolonged storage, we recommend installing a
recirculation pump from the bottom of the tank to the top and make three complete
cycles of recirculation every 15 days at least.

8.4 Storage at low temperatures

It is advisable to store emulsion at ambient temperatures of about 22C (71.6 F),
warming tank and pipes. In case of storage bellow those temperature a constant
recirculation will be much recommended.
In case of diesel boilers is advisable to heat the emulsion before the entrance to the
burner at 40 C (104 F).
In case of fuel-oil (Bunker) boilers, warm fuel to 70 C (158 F) before entering in
burner.

8.5 What to do if the engine or boiler shown difficult to start or operate

erratically. Produce white smoke.
It is normal that diesel engines and boilers might take longer than usual to start when
using emulsified fuel. However, it engine or boiler show difficulty in starting it could
due to several factors: low temperature of the emulsion, blockage of the feed system
due to flocculation in emulsion (mayonnaise effect), separation of the emulsion ... In
all these cases be necessary to remove the emulsion from tank and fuel system, add
normal fuel and run again.
If the engine or boiler operate erratically or produces abundant white smoke, the
cause may be the phase inversion. In this case you have to remove the emulsion from
tank and fuel system, put in conventional fuel, run again and repeat the operation.
The cause may be a bad fuel-water-additive ratio, emulsion process (mixture)
inadequate or defective fuel or water contaminated by third agents.

8.6 Filters obstruction.

Prolonged operation with emulsified fuel can cause clogging of filters, so it may be
necessary (depend on each case) more frequent change of fuel filters.

9. If you want to stop using FUELIA and re-oil / normal fuel.

To stop using emulsified fuel only, remove the emulsion from tank and intake system,
replacing it by conventional fuel and operate normally.
Otherwise, to over from conventional fuel to emulsion, emptying the fuel from tank, refueling
emulsion and operate.
We have not detected problems when switching from one fuel to another. Don not mix one
with each other, which could cause emulsion flocculation (separation).

10. Storage
10.1 Storage of FUELIA
FUELIA additive must be kept in a closed container at rather preferably dark ambient
temperature of 18C

10.2 Storage of emulsioned fuel

The emulsion must be kept in homologated fuel tank, in a ventilated dark place at
ambience temperature of 22 C (71.6 F). A temperature drop may precipitate
flocculation process and separation of the emulsion.
Decantation of a thin layer of water on tank bottom is a normal effect in emulsions.
That water can be re-emulsifying easily by simply recycling from bottom to the top of
the tank. It is also suitable to re-emulsified by recirculation through the mixing system.
Emulsion stability can last even several months, depending on the quality of the
mixing system, the amount of emulsifier and oil/fuel / water quality.

10.3 Expire date

Expiration date is indicated in each container.

11. Contents of the pack and further information.

Content
- Contains glycol, etilphenol
- The other ingredients are copolymers of vinyl and acetate additives.
Appearance and contents of container
FUELIA emulsifier is a liquid additive, yellowish, with a density of about 0.9 g / cm.
It comes in plastic containers approved for chemicals products.
FUELIA products provided in different types of containers, according to each customer needs:

Capacity
2L
5L
10L
15L
20L

Capacity
25 L
50 L
100 L

Capacity
200 L

Capacity
1.000 L

Authorised responsible for marketing and manufacturing.

Authorisation holder for manufacturing and marketing:
FUELIA CHEMICALS, S.L.
CIF: B-90203761
Industria, 48
Polg Ind. Malpesa
41909 Salteras Sevilla
Spain
Telf. +34 638 889 347
Web: www.fueliachemicals.com

Date of last revision of this manual.

Date of last revision of this leaflet: December 2014