Muhammad Iqbal

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For other people named Muhammad Iqbal, see Muhammad Iqbal (disambiguation).

Sir Muhammad Iqbal

Born

9 November 1877
Sialkot, Punjab, British India
(now in Punjab, Pakistan)

Died

21 April 1938 (aged 60)

Lahore, Punjab, British India
(now in Punjab, Pakistan)

Other names Poet of the East

Notable

Asrar-e-Khudi, Rumuz-e-Bekhudi, Payam-e-

work

Mashriq,Zabur-e-Ajam, Javed Nama(more works)

Website

Allama Iqbal

Era

20th-century philosophy

Region

British India

Main

Urdu poetry, Persian poetry,Law

interests
Notable ideas Two-nation theory, Conception of Pakistan

Sir Muhammad Iqbal (Urdu: ( ) 9 November 1877 21 April 1938), widely known
as Allama Iqbal () , was a poet,philosopher, and politician, he was also an academic,
barrister and scholar[1][2] in British India who is widely regarded as having inspired the Pakistan
Movement. He is considered one of the most important figures in Urdu literature,[3] with literary work
in both theUrdu and Persian languages.[2][3]
Iqbal is admired as a prominent poet by Pakistani, Indian, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan and other
international scholars of literature.[4][5]Though Iqbal is best known as an eminent poet, he is also a
highly acclaimed "Muslim philosophical thinker of modern times".[2][5] His first poetry book, Asrar-eKhudi, appeared in the Persian language in 1915, and other books of poetry include Rumuz-iBekhudi,Payam-i-Mashriq and Zabur-i-Ajam. Amongst these his best known Urdu works are Bang-iDara, Bal-i-Jibril, Zarb-i Kalim and a part of Armughan-e-Hijaz. [6] Along with his Urdu and Persian
poetry, his various Urdu and English lectures and letters have been very influential in cultural, social,
religious and political disputes over the years.[6]
In 1922, he was knighted by King George V,[7][8] giving him the title "Sir".[9] While studying law and
philosophy in England, Iqbal became a member of the London branch of the All-India Muslim
League.[5][6] Later, in one of his most famous speeches, Iqbal pushed for the creation of a Muslim
state in Northwest India. This took place in his presidential speech in the League's December 1930
session.[5][6]
In much of South Asia and Urdu speaking world, Iqbal is regarded as the Shair-e-Mashriq ( ,
"Poet of the East").[10][11][12] He is also called Mufakkir-e-Pakistan ( , "The Thinker of Pakistan")
and Hakeem-ul-Ummat ( , "The Sage of theUmmah"). The Pakistan government officially
named him a "national poet".[5] His birthday Ym-e Weldat-e Muh ammad Iqbl ( ) or
(Iqbal Day) is a public holiday in Pakistan.[13] In India he is also remembered as the author of the
popular songSaare Jahaan Se Achcha.[14]