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Hydroelectric stations
Hydroelectricity is the term referring to electricity
generated by hydropower; the production of electrical
power through the use of the gravitational force of
falling or flowing water. It is the most widely used form
of renewable energy, accounting for 16 percent of global
electricity.
iii.
Fossil fuels
Fossil fuel is a general term for buried combustible
geologic deposits of organic materials, formed from
decayed plants and animals that have been converted to
crude oil, coal, natural gas, or heavy oils by exposure to
heat and pressure in the earth's crust over hundreds of
millions of years.
iv.
Solar panels/collectors
Solar panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the
sun's rays as a source of energy for generating electricity
or heating.
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Windmills
Batteries
An electric battery is a device consisting of two or more
electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical
energy into electrical energy. Each cell has a positive
terminal, or cathode, and a negative terminal, or anode.
vii.
Hydrogen cells
A fuel cell is a device that converts the chemical energy
from a fuel into electricity through a chemical reaction
of positively charged hydrogen ions with oxygen or
another oxidizing agent. Fuel cells are different from
batteries in that they require a continuous source of
fuel and oxygen or air to sustain the chemical reaction,
whereas in a battery the chemicals present in the
battery react with each other to generate an
electromotive force (emf).
Transformer
Transformers (sometimes called "voltage
transformers") are devices used in electrical circuits
to change the voltage of electricity flowing in the
circuit. Transformers can be used either to increase
the voltage (called "stepping up") or decrease the
voltage ("step down").
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Substation
A substation is a part of an electrical generation,
transmission, and distribution system. Substations
transform voltage from high to low, or the reverse, or
perform any of several other important functions.
Between the generating station and consumer,
electric power may flow through several substations
at different voltage levels.
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