Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
measures is 1808.
3.
AM 5 MB
5x 2 2 5 2x 1 7
3x 5 9
x53
AB 5 AM 1 MB 5 5(3) 2 2 1 2(3) 1 7 5 26
4.
AM 5 MB
4z 1 1 5 6z 2 11
@##$, EH
@##$ and contain point H.
@##$ appear skew to CD
1. Both AH
12 5 2z
@###$ is
2. Yes; @##$
AC is not perpendicular to @##$
BF, because MD
65z
perpendicular to @##$
BF and by the Perpendicular Postulate
there is exactly one line perpendicular to @##$
BF through M.
AB 5 AM 1 MB 5 4(6) 1 1 1 6(6) 2 11 5 50
5. m 2 5 388
3. Corresponding angles
m 2 1 m 3 5 1808
388 1 m 3 5 1808
m 3 5 1428
m 1 5 m 3 5 1428
6. m 2 5 908
Skill Practice
m 2 1 m 3 5 1808
908 1 m 3 5 1808
2. The legs of the table and the top of the table cannot lie
m 3 5 908
m 1 5 m 3 5 908
3. @##$
AB appears parallel to @##$
CD.
7. m 2 5 1358
m 1 1 m 2 5 1808
m 1 1 1358 5 1808
@##$.
5. @##$
BF appears skew to CD
6. Plane ABE appears parallel to plane CDH.
m 1 5 458
@###$ i @##$
7. MK
LS
m 3 5 m 1 5 458
9.
8.
X
Q
W
10.
R
@##$
@##$ PQ
8. NP
@##$
@###$
PN is not parallel to KM because they intersect.
@##$ is
@##$
@##$. Because PQ
PR is not perpendicular to NP
@##$ and by the Perpendicular Postulate
perpendicular to NP
@##$ through P.
there is exactly one line perpendicular to NP
9.
m
2 and 7.
Lesson 3.1
Investigating Geometry Activity 3.1 (p. 146)
4 and 6.
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 57
57
7/11/06 11:01:53 AM
Chapter 3
continued
@##$.
to BC
24. If two lines are parallel, then they are always coplanar.
P
25. If two lines are not coplanar, then they never intersect.
m
B
Mixed Review
l
P
or
47. m 2 5 1208
P
m 1 1 m 2 5 1808
m 1 1 1208 5 1808
m 1 5 608
27. If two lines are skew to a third line, then they are
O
Q
or
R
48. m 2 5 1108
m 3 5 m 1 5 608
m 1 1 m 2 5 1808
m 1 1 1108 5 1808
R
P
m 1 5 708
m 3 5 m 1 5 708
49. m 2 5 508
m 2 1 m 3 5 1808
508 1 m 3 5 1808
m 3 5 1308
m 1 5 m 3 5 1308
Lesson 3.2
Investigating Geometry Activity 3.2 (p. 153)
12. Answers for the table will vary. So, AGE > BGH
sometimes coplanar.
58
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 58
7/11/06 11:02:00 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
2. m 7 1 m 8 5 1808
m 3 5 m 7
m 3 1 m 8 5 1808
2x 5 108
x 5 54
Skill Practice
1. Sample answer:
1
2
so m 4 5 m 1.
4. If m 4 5 658, then m 1 5 658, by the Vertical Angles
Congruence Theorem.
5. If m 7 5 1108, then m 2 5 1108, by the Alternate
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 59
59
7/11/06 11:02:02 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
MNQ and PQN, and PQN and QPM are
both supplementary by the Consecutive Interior
Angles Theorem. MNQ > QPM by the Congruent
Supplements Theorem. NMP and QPM, and QPM
and PQN are both supplementary by the Consecutive
Interior Angles Theorem. NMP > PQN by the
Congruent Supplements Theorem. So, MNQ > QPM
and NMP > PQN.
2x 2 y 5 120 y 5 2x 2 120
x8 1 y8 1 558 5 1808
65 1 y 1 55 5 180
2x 1 y 5 140
y 5 60
3x8 5 608
4x 5 260
x 5 20
x 5 65
y 5 2(65) 2 120 5 10
5y 5 50
y 5 10
5x 2 y 5 30 y 5 5x 2 30
4x8 5 528
5x 1 y 5 50
x 5 13
Using the Consecutive Interior Angles Theorem:
10x 5 80
4(13) 1 3y 1 2 1 90 5 180
y 5 5(8) 2 30 5 10
y 5 12
37.
x 5 10
2y8 1 (14x 2 10)8 5 1808
2y 1 14(10) 2 10 5 180
2y 5 50
y 5 25
33. B; Using the Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem:
m 1 5 1108
Using the Linear Pair Postulate:
y 5 75
60
Reasons
1. p i q
1. Given
2. 1 > 3
2. Corresponding
Angles Postulate
3. 3 > 2
3. Vertical Angles
Congruence Postulate
4. 1 > 2
4. Transitive Property
of Angle Congruence
Statements
( y 2 5)8 1 m1 5 1808
Problem Solving
x58
3y 5 36
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 60
7/11/06 11:02:06 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
Mixed Review
}}
BO 5 (3 2 0)2 1 (3 2 0)2 5 18 5 32
}}
DO 5 (3 2 0)2 1 (0 2 0)2 5 9 5 3
} }
Because CO 5 DO, CO > DO.
45. m 1 1 m 2 5 628 1 1288 5 1908
41.
42.
When s 5 20 cm:
Perimeter 5 5s 5 5(20) 5 100 centimeters.
49. Let s be the side length of an equilateral octagon.
1. n i p
1. Given
2. 1 > 3
3. m 1 5 m 3
3. Denition of congruent
angles
4. 2 and 3 form
a linear pair.
5. m 2 1 m 3 5 1808
6. m 1 1 m 2 5 1808
6. Substitution Property of
Equality
7. 1 and 2 are
supplementary.
7. Denition of
supplementary angles
Statements
Reasons
1. t r, r i s
1. Given
2. 1 is a right angle.
2. Denition of perpendicular
lines
3. 1 > 2
3. Corresponding Angles
Postulate
4. 2 is a right angle.
4. Denition of congruent
angles
5. t s
5. Denition of perpendicular
lines
When s 5 33 in.:
Perimeter 5 10s 5 10(33) 5 330 inches.
51. If three points are collinear, then they lie on the same
2x8 5 1288
x 5 64
6. Using the Alternate Exterior Angles Theorem:
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 61
61
7/11/06 11:02:08 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
Lesson 3.3
x 5 60
The lines are parallel when x 5 60.
5. Using the Consecutive Interior Angles Converse:
x 5 15
The lines are parallel when x 5 15.
6. Using the Alternate Exterior Angles Converse:
(180 2 x)8 5 x8
180 5 2x
90 5 x
The lines are parallel when x 5 90.
7. Using the Consecutive Interior Angles Converse:
6. Given: 1 > 8
2x8 1 x8 5 1808
3x 5 180
t
1 2
x 5 60
The lines are parallel when x 5 60.
3 4
3x8 5 1208
x 5 40
The lines are parallel when x 5 40.
@##$ i HF
@##$ by the Consecutive Interior Angles Converse.
c. DB
18. a.
l
m
1
2
62
Prove: j i k
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 62
7/11/06 11:02:12 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
Prove: m i n
Problem Solving
29. Because the alternate interior angles are congruent, you
31.
@##$ i BC
@##$. By the Alternate Interior Angles
AD
@##$.
AB i DC
Converse, @##$
23. D; There is not enough information given to make any of
Prove: j i k
Show 1 congruent to 4 by the Vertical Angles
Congruence Theorem, and show 4 and 7 to be
supplementary by substitution. Then lines j and k are
parallel by the Consecutive Interior Angles Converse.
###$ by the Corresponding Angles Converse because
26. ###$
EA i HC
HEA > GHC.
Reasons
1. m 1 5 1158,
m 2 5 658
1. Given
2. Addition
3. m 1 1 m 2 5 1808
3. Substitution
Property of Equality
4. 1 and 2 are
supplementary.
4. Denition of
supplementary angles
5. m i n
5. Consecutive Interior
Angles Converse
###$
###$ because HEB is not congruent
EB is not parallel to HD
to GHD.
Statements
34.
plane ABC.
b. There are innitely many lines through R parallel to
plane ABC.
c. There is only one plane through R parallel to
plane ABC.
28. a. Using the Corresponding Angles Converse:
Statements
Reasons
1. 1 > 2
3 > 4
1. Given
2. 2 > 3
3. 1> 4
3. Substitution Property of
Congruence
} }
4. AB i CD
x 1 2 5 56
x 5 54
Lines p and q are parallel when x 5 54.
b. Using the Linear Pair Postulate and the Corresponding
Angles Converse:
1808 2 (y 1 7)8 5 (3y 2 17)8
173 2 y 5 3y 2 17
173 5 4y 2 17
190 5 4y
47.5 5 y
Lines r and s are parallel when y 5 47.5.
c. Lines r and s cannot be parallel if lines p and q are
35.
Statements
Reasons
1. a i b,
2 > 3
1. Given
2. 1 > 3
3. 1> 2
3. Substitution Property of
Congruence
4. c i d
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 63
63
7/11/06 11:02:14 AM
continued
38. a.
1 3 5 7 9 11
2 4 6 8 10 12
b. Given: p i q and q i r
Prove: p i r
c.
Statements
Reasons
Reasons
1. l i n, ###$
PR bisects QPT,
and ###$
QS bisects PQU
1. Given
2. Alternate Interior
Angles Theorem
3. Denition of angle
bisector
4. Denition of
4. m QPT 5 m PQU,
congruent angles
m QPR 5 m RPT, and
m PQS 5 m SQU
1. p i q, q i r
1. Given
2. 3 > 6
3. 6> 10
5. m QPT 5 m QPR
1 m RPT; m PQU 5
m PQS 1 m SQU
5. Angle Addition
Postulate
6. m QPR 1 m RPT
5 m PQS 1 m SQU
6. Substitution Property
of Equality
5. p i r
7. m QPR 1 m QPR
5 m PQS 1 m PQS
7. Substitution Property
of Equality
8. 2 p m QPR 5
2 p m PQS
8. Distributive Property
9. m QPR 5 m PQS
9. Division Property
of Equality
10. Denition of
congruent angles
11. ###$
PR i ###$
QS
Mixed Review
3
46. }x 5 21
4
2
47. 2} x 5 21
3
3
x 5 2}3
1
48. }x 5 21
5
x 5 }2
49. 26x 5 21
x 5 25
x 5 }6
Chapter 3,
3x 5 12
R
x54
The value of x is 4.
64
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 64
7/11/06 11:02:17 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
29
3
27 2 2
52. } 5 } 5 2}
12
4
8 2 (24)
Lesson 3.4
0 2 (23)
3
3
53. } 5 } 5 2}
25
5
126
2x
3x 2 x
54. } 5 } 5 21
22x
24x 1 2x
know that the top and bottom of the Z are parallel by the
Alternate Interior Angles Converse.
5. a. Using the Alternate Interior Angles Converse:
2
3
1. Slope of line b:
y2 2 y1
420
m5}
5}
52
x2 2 x1
624
2. Slope of line c:
y2 2 y1
424
m5}
5}
50
x2 2 x1
620
y2 2 y1
123
2
3. Slope of line m: m1 5 } 5 } 5 2}
5
x2 2 x1
4 2 (21)
y2 2 y1
23 2 (21)
2
5}
5 2}5
Slope of line t: m2 5 }
x2 2 x1
3 2 (22)
4. A; m is negative.
5. B; m is zero.
6. C; m is undened.
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 65
65
7/11/06 11:02:20 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
y2 2 y1
625
1
7. m 5 } 5 } 5 }
x2 2 x1
523
2
2
18. P(0, 5), slope }
3
1
The slope is }2 .
y2 2 y1
26 2 2
28
8. m 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 22
x2 2 x1
4
2 2 (22)
1
x
21
y2 2 y1
21 2 (21)
0
9. m 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 0
x2 2 x1
8
3 2 (25)
y2 2 y1
523
2
19. Slope of line 1: m1 5 } 5 } 5 }
5
x2 2 x1
3 2 (22)
y2 2 y1
521
4
5}
5 }3
Slope of line 2: m2 5 }
x2 2 x1
623
The slope is 0.
y2 2 y1
621
5
5
10. m 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 2}
x2 2 x1
022
22
2
5
The slope is 2}2 .
y2 2 y1
22 2 (21)
1
20. Slope of line 1: m1 5 } 5 } 5 2}
x2 2 x1
3
1 2 (22)
y2 2 y1
24 2 (23)
1
5}
5 2}4
Slope of line 2: m2 5 }
x2 2 x1
21 2 (25)
run
11. The slope of the line was computed using } instead
rise
rise
3
.
of }
run . The rise is 3 and the run is 4, so the slope is }
4
12. The values of x2 and x1 were interchanged when
y2 2 y1
622
21. Slope of line 1: m1 5 } 5 } 5 4
x2 2 x1
23 2 (24)
y2 2 y1
826
2
5}
5 }2 5 1
Slope of line 2: m2 5 }
x2 2 x1
321
y2 2 y1
420
2
13. Slope of line 1: m1 5 } 5 } 5 }
x2 2 x1
721
3
y2 2 y1
620
6
5}
5}
5 2}2
Slope of line 2: m2 5 }
x 2x
327
24
2
are perpendicular.
comparing the slope of each line. The line that has the
slope with the greater absolute value is steeper.
y2 2 y1
3
22 2 1
14. Slope of line 1: m1 5 } 5 } 5 }
x2 2 x1
4
27 2 (23)
y2 2 y1
4 2 (21)
5
5}
5 }6
Slope of line 2: m2 5 }
x2 2 x1
822
y2 2 y1
1 2 (22)
3
1
23. Slope of line h: m1 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 }
x2 2 x1
6
2
3 2 (23)
1
Slope of line n: }2 p m2 5 21
m2 5 22
y2 2 y1
723
4
15. Slope of line 1: m1 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 1
x2 2 x1
4
25 2 (29)
y2 2 y1
226
24
n y
21
(3, 1)
5}
5}
5 21
Slope of line 2: m2 5 }
x 2x
4
27 2 (211)
2
P(3, 23)
(23, 22)
22
(4, 25)
1
(3, 22)
(9, 23)
21
y2 2 y1
26
22 2 4
24. Slope of line h: m1 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 23
x2 2 x1
523
2
Slope of line n: 23 p m2 5 21
5
17. P(24, 0), slope }
2
m2 5 }3
(3, 4)
3
(22, 5)
1
1
25
(24, 0)
725
m5}
5}
5}
5 21
x 2x
224
22
2
(3, 7)
(0, 5)
y2 2 y1
(9, 2)
P(6, 1)
3
x
(5, 22)
n
h
66
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 66
7/11/06 11:02:27 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
y2 2 y1
24 2 (23)
1
25. Slope of line h: m1 5 } 5 } 5 2}
7
x2 2 x1
2 2 (25)
y2 2 y1
30.
m5}
x 2x
2
y22
m2 5 7
n
1
22 5 }
3
22(3) 5 y 2 2
(23, 1)
1
21
26 5 y 2 2
24 5 y
(2, 24)
(25, 23)
y2 2 y1
31.
m5}
x 2x
2
26. If the points all lie on the same line, then the slope of the
}5}
x 1 7 5 12
5
4
m1 5 } 5} 5 2}
x2 2 x1
x55
y2 2 y1
32.
023
m5}
x 2x
2
24(x 2 4) 5 4
(23, 3)
24x 1 16 5 4
(4, 0)
24x 5 212
x
21
x53
(1, 22)
1 2 (23)
24 5 }
x24
4
24 5 }
x24
5}
5 2}7
m2 5 }
x 2x
4 2 (23)
2
4
x17
1
3
0 2 (24)
1
}5}
x 2 (27)
3
P(24, 26)
y2 2 y1
y22
22 5 }
0 2 (23)
1
Slope of line n: 2}7 p m2 5 21
(0, 2)
1
124
(1, 3)
1
rise
6
2
33. slope 5 }
5 }3
run 5 }
9
m2 5 m1 5 }
5}
51
x 2x
252 (22)
2
Problem Solving
34. B; The slope of the line for car B is less steep than the
is 21.
Use (21, 21) and (2, 0):
y2 2 y1
0 2 (21)
m1 5 }
5}
5 }3
x 2x
2 2 (21)
2
1
} p m2 5 21
3
21
35.
(2, 0)
1
(0, 6)
m2 5 m1 5 }
5}
5 2}2
x 2x
423
2
y
1
1
(0, 22)
(3, 0)
x
21
2}2 2 1
y2 2 y1
(0, 1)
23
23
(1, 3)
(0, 4)
m2 5 23
(22, 1)
slope 5 }
5}
54
run 5 }
1
h
}v
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 67
67
7/11/06 11:02:34 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
change in height
40. average rate of change 5 }}
change in time
b. When h 5 6:
v
}54
h
706 2 400
change in attendance
rate of change 5 }}
change in time
c. When v 5 34:
v
}54
h
16 million 2 7 million
5 }}
1990 2 1985
34
h
}54
9 million
5}
5 1.8
5
8.5 5 h
50
Vertical, ft
29
58
87
116
change in attendance
rate of change 5 }}
change in time
18 million 2 6 million
5 }}
5
12 million
5}
5 2.4
5
rise
29
b. slope 5 }
run 5 }
50
600
42. The slope of the line using (23, 1) and (0, k),
k21
m1 5 }
, must be the same as the slope of the line
3
4
, in order for the
using (23, 1) and (k, 5), m2 5 }
k13
(700, 406)
400
200 (50, 29)
200
400
600
points to be collinear.
800
m1 5 m2
rise
144
c. slope 5 }
run 5 }
271
144
(k 2 1)(k 1 3) 5 12
.
The slope of the Burgenstock Incline is }
271
The Duquesne Incline is steeper because the slope of
its climb path is greater 1 }
>} .
50 271 2
29
144
change in prot
39. average rate of change 5 }}
change in time
15,400 2 8500
2006 2 2000
k2 1 2k 2 15 5 0
(k 1 5)(k 2 3) 5 0
k1550
k 5 25
or
k2350
or
k53
27 0 2(21) 2 5
27 5 27
6900
6
1150
1
5 }} 5 } 5 }
The average rate of change is $1150 per year.
68
4
k13
k21
3
}5}
Vertical, ft
6.8
v 5 24
37. a.
306
5}
5}
5}
45
45
1
v
}54
6
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 68
7/11/06 11:02:36 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
44. y 5 23x 1 9
x-intercept: 0 5 23x 1 9
88 5 4x 2 12
100 5 4x
29 5 23x
35x
25 5 x.
The x-intercept is 3.
y-intercept: y 5 23(0) 1 9
y59
The y-intercept is 9.
@##$ .
45. Through points D and F there exists DF
@##$.
Through points C and D there exists CD
46. Through points A, D, and F there exists plane Q.
6x 1 4y 5 40
Given
6x 2 6x 1 4y 5 40 2 6x
4y 5 40 2 6x
6
40
y5}
2}
x
4
4
3
48.
1
2
5
4
Given
1
2
5
4
1
2
2}
y 5 2}
x 2 10
4
2
4
Division Property of
Equality
Simplify.
}x 2 }x 2 }y 5 2}x 2 10
40
y5}
x1}
5
10
2
y5}
x18
5
49.
Simplify.
y 5 10 2 }2 x
}x 2 }y 5 210
1
2
Subtraction Property of
Equality
Simplify.
Given
16 2 16 2 3y 5 24x 2 16
23y 5 24x 2 16
16
23
y 5 }x 2 }
16
y 5 28x 1 }
3
Lesson 3.5
3.5 Guided Practice (pp. 181183)
y2 2 y1
1 2 (21)
2
1. m 5 } 5 } 5 }
x2 2 x1
320
3
y-intercept: 21
y 5 mx 1 b
Division Property of
Equality
Simplify.
16 2 3y 5 24x
24
23
Subtraction Property of
Equality
y2 2 y1
522
3
5. m 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 1
x2 2 x1
421
3
Subtraction Property of
Equality
Simplify.
Division Property of
Equality
Simplify.
2x 1 54 5 180
y 5 }3x 2 1
y2 2 y1
225
23
2. m 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 21
x2 2 x1
3
1 2 (22)
y 5 mx 1 b
2 5 21(1) 1 b
35b
y 5 2x 1 3
3. The line parallel to y 5 3x 2 5 has a slope of 3.
m 5 3, (x, y) 5 (1, 5)
5 5 3(1) 1 b
(0, 2)
25b
y 5 3x 1 2
y 5 3x 1 2
y 5 3x 2 5
x 5 63.
2. Using the Corresponding Angles Converse,
3x 2 5 5 145
3x 5 150
x 5 50.
(1, 22)
2 x 5 126
The lines are parallel when x 5 63.
(1, 5)
y 5 mx 1 b
(0, 25)
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 69
69
7/11/06 11:02:40 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
26
3
22 2 4
5. m 5 } 5 } 5 2}
4
2
1 2 (23)
6. 2x 2 3y 5 6
x-intercept:
y-intercept:
2x 2 3(0) 5 6
2(0) 2 3y 5 6
2x 5 6
23y 5 6
x53
y 5 mx 1 b
3
4 5 2}2 (23) 1 b
9
y 5 22
4 5 }2 1 b
2}2 5 b
(3, 0)
x
21
(0, 22)
23 2 3
6
6. m 5 } 5 2}
5
2 2 (23)
7. y 5 4
y 5 mx 1 b
8. x 5 23
y
(23, 4)
y 5 2}2x 2 }2
(2, 4)
3 5 2}5 (23) 1 b
(23, 5)
2}5 5 b
1
1
x
21
(23, 21)
Cost (dollars)
y
36
32
23 2 (21)
22
1
8. m 5 } 5 } 5 2}
6
3
1 2 (25)
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
0 5 }2(1) 1 b
23 5 2}3 (1) 1 b
16
12
2}3 5 b
3
y 5 }2x 2 }2
y 5 2}3 x 2 }3
rise
22
1
9. B; slope 5 }
5 2}2
run 5 }
4
y 5 16.5
y-intercept: 1
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 x
y 5 2}2 x 1 1
Number of rentals
22 2 (23)
1
4. m 5 } 5 }
5
0 2 (25)
11. m 5 3, b 5 2
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 25x 2 12
y 5 3x 1 2
12. m 5 4, b 5 26
5
13. m 5 2}, b 5 0
2
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 4x 2 6
y 5 2}2 x
4
2
14. m 5 }, b 5 2}
9
9
Skill Practice
70
620
6
3
7. m 5 } 5 } 5 }
521
4
2
2}2 5 b
y 5 4x
28
24
20 (4.125, 16.5)
8
4
0
y 5 2}5 x 2 }5
y 5 mx 1 b
4
y 5 }9 x 2 }9
16. P(21, 0), m 5 21
y 5 mx 1 b
0 5 21(21) 1 b
11
15. m 5 2}, b 5 212
5
y 5 mx 1 b
11
y 5 2}
x 2 12
5
17. P(5, 4), m 5 4
y 5 mx 1 b
4 5 4(5) 1 b
y-intercept: 24
y-intercept: 22
21 5 b
216 5 b
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 2x 2 1
y 5 4x 2 16
4
y 5 }3 x 2 4
y 5 }x 2 2
21
1
5
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 70
7/11/06 11:02:46 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
27. 10x 1 4y 5 28
4y 5 210x 2 8
y 5 mx 1 b
22 5 3(6) 1 b
y 5 2}2 x 2 2
220 5 b
y 5 3x 2 20
2
19. P(28, 22), m 5 2}
3
y 5 mx 1 b
2
22 5 2}3 (28) 1 b
22
2}
5b
3
2
22
y 5 2}3 x 2 }
3
1
20. P(0, 23), m 5 2}
6
y 5 mx 1 b
1
23 5 2}6 (0) 1 b
23 5 b
1
y 5 2}6 x 2 3
1 5 2}2 (22) 1 b
24 5 b
5
y 5 2}2 x 2 4
28. 2x 1 2y 5 12
y 5 mx 1 b
2y 5 x 1 12
7 5 0(213) 1 b
y 5 }2 x 1 6
75b
y57
22. If a line has an undened slope, it is a vertical line. The
P(0, 21), m 5 22
y 5 mx 1 b
21 5 22(0) 1 b
21 5 b
y 5 22x 2 1
24. A line parallel to y 5 16 has a slope of 0.
P(27, 24), m 5 0
y 5 mx 1 b
24 5 0(27) 1 b
P(4, 0), m 5 }2
y 5 mx 1 b
1
0 5 }2 (4) 1 b
22 5 b
1
y 5 }2 x 2 2
921
8
29. D; m 5 } 5 } 5 2
4
2 2 (22)
29 p m 5 21
24 5 b
7
3
} p m 5 21
y 5 24
1
1
25. A line parallel to y 2 1 5 } (x 1 4) has a slope of }.
5
5
1
}
P(3, 8), m 5 5
y 5 mx 1 b
1
8 5 }5(3) 1 b
37
}5b
5
1
7
31. P(21, 1), y 5 } x 1 10
3
37
y 5 }5 x 1 }
5
26. A line parallel to x 5 25 is a vertical line with
undened slope.
m 5 }9
m 5 2}7
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
0 5 }9(0) 1 b
1 5 2}7(21) 1 b
05b
}5b
y 5 }9x
4
7
y 5 2}7 x 1 }7
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 71
71
7/11/06 11:02:48 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
38. 4x 2 y 5 28
22 p m 5 21
1
m 5 }2
x-intercept:
y-intercept:
4x 2 0 5 28
4(0) 2 y 5 28
y58
4x 5 28
y 5 mx 1 b
x 5 22
1
2
3 5 } (2) 1 b
(0, 8)
25b
1
y 5 }2 x 1 2
34. P(0, 25), x 5 20
(22, 0)
21
39. 2x 1 3y 5 29
y 5 25
35. P(28, 0)
3x 2 5y 5 6
x-intercept:
y-intercept:
2x 1 3(0) 5 29
20 1 3y 5 29
2x 5 29
3y 5 29
x59
y 5 23
25y 5 23x 1 6
6
3
5
} p m 5 21
(9, 0)
x
5
m 5 2}3
y 5 mx 1 b
(0, 23)
5
0 5 2}3(28) 1 b
40. y 2 2 5 21
40
2}
5b
3
41. y 1 2 5 x 2 1
y51
y5x23
y
5
3
40
3
y 5 2}x 2 }
1
2
36. 8x 1 2y 5 210
x-intercept:
y-intercept:
8x 1 2(0) 5 210
8(0) 1 2y 5 210
8x 5 210
2y 5 210
5
x 5 2}4
y 5 25
(0, 1)
5
4
21
(0, 23)
42. x 1 3 5 24
x 5 27
y
(2 , 0)
(3, 0)
21
(27, 0)
21
(0, 25)
43. 2y 2 4 5 2x 1 1
37. x 1 y 5 1
x-intercept:
x1051
x51
y-intercept:
x-intercept:
y-intercept:
01y51
2(0) 2 4 5 2x 1 1
2y 2 4 5 20 1 1
y51
25 5 2x
2y 5 5
55x
y 5 }2
y
2
(0, 1)
(1, 0)
21
(0, )
5
2
x
1
x
1
72
y 5 }5 x 2 }5
(5, 0)
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 72
7/11/06 11:02:57 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
44. 3(x 2 2) 5 2y 2 4
3x 2 6 5 2y 2 4
1
3x 2 2 5 2y
(0, 2)
21
y 5 23x 1 2
49. x-intercept: 4
50. x-intercept: 22
y-intercept: 4
y-intercept: 25
024
(1, 21)
45. When nding the intercepts, the wrong variables were set
m5}
5 2}2
0 2 (22)
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 2x 1 4
y 5 2}2 x 2 5
y-intercept: 10
5x 2 3y 5 215
10 2 0
5x 2 3(0) 5 215
10
m5}
5}
5 }2
20
0 2 (220)
x 5 23
To nd the y-intercept, let x 5 0:
y 5 mx 1 b
1
y 5 }2 x 1 10
5x 2 3y 5 215
5(0) 2 3y 5 215
y55
1 2 (23)
m5}
5}
5 }4
16
6 2 (210)
46. y 5 3x 2 4, m 5 3
y 5 mx 1 b
x 1 3y 5 6
3y 5 2x 1 6
1
1 5 }4(6) 1 b
y 5 2}3 x 1 6, m 5 2}3
3(x 1 1) 5 y 2 2
2}2 5 b
1
3x 1 3 5 y 2 2
y 5 }4 x 2 }2
3x 1 5 5 y, m 5 3
0 5 }4 x 2 }2
1
4
1
2
2y 5 2x 1 9
1
2
y 5 2} x 1 }, m 5 2}
y 5 0.5x 1 7, m 5 0.5
2x 1 2y 5 25
4x 2 y 5 1
(0, 9)
y 5 4x 1 9
2y 5 24x 1 1
2y 5 x 2 5
5
5 2}2
25x
9
2
1
2
y 5 }4 (0) 2 }2
} 5 }x
47. x 1 2y 5 9
25 2 0
m5}
5 2}4 5 21
420
y 5 4x 2 1
y 5 }2 x 2 }2, m 5 }2
Lines y 5 0.5x 1 7 and 2x 1 2y 5 25 are parallel.
4x 2 y 5 1
21
(0, 21)
48. x 2 6y 5 10
26y 5 2x 1 10
5
3
1
6
54. 3y 1 4x 5 16
1
6
2y 5 22x 1 18
16
4
y 5 2}3 x 1 }
3
6x 2 y 5 11
2y 5 26x 1 11
y 5 6x 2 11, m 5 6
x 1 6y 5 12
(0, )
16
3
6y 5 2x 1 12
1
2x 2 y 5 18
3y 5 24x 1 16
y 5 } x 2 }, m 5 }
y 5 2x 2 18
2x 2 y 5 18
x
3y 1 4x 5 16
y 5 2}6 x 1 2, m 5 2}6
None of the lines are parallel.
(0, 218)
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 73
73
7/11/06 11:03:01 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
55. y 5 25x 1 6
10x 1 2y 5 12
2y 5 210x 1 12
28
58. A line perpendicular to y 5 x 2 } has a slope of
5
y 5 25x 1 6
m5}
x 2x
022
21 5 }
72k
(0, 6) y 5 25x 1 6
27 1 k 5 22
10x 1 2y 5 12
( )
6
,
5
k55
59. S(22, 3)
21
1
x
22
56. y 5 4x 1 9
4x 2 y 5 1
4x 2 (4x 1 9) 5 1
R(27, 23)
4x 2 4x 2 9 5 1
29 1
The equations do not share any solutions.
3y 1 4x 5 16
T (10, 27)
3 2 (23)
6
mRS 5 }
5 }5
22 2 (27)
y 5 mx 1 b
2x 2 y 5 18
y 5 2x 2 18
3(2x 2 18) 1 4x 5 16
6x 2 54 1 4x 5 16
10x 5 70
x57
3 5 }5(22) 1 b
27
5
}5b
6
27
@##$
RS : y 5 }5 x 1 }
5
27 2 3
y 5 2(7) 2 18
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 24
3 5 2}6 (22) 1 b
24
4
3
y 5 25x 1 6
}5b
10x 1 2y 5 12
5
4
@##$
ST : y 5 2}6 x 1 }3
10x 1 2(25x 1 6) 5 12
10x 2 10x 1 12 5 12
12 5 12
The equations share innitely many solutions.
Sample answer: If a point is found, then the lines intersect
at that point. If the variables drop out and the result is a
false statement, then the lines are parallel. If the variables
drop out and the result is a true statement, then the lines
are the same line.
27 2 (23)
mRT 5 }
5}
5 2}
17
17
10 2 (27)
y 5 mx 1 b
4
27 5 2}
(10) 1 b
17
79
2}
5b
17
79
4
@##$
RT : y 5 2}
x2}
17
17
57. y 5 x 1 1
m51
(21, k), (27, 22)
y2 2 y1
m5}
x 2x
2
210
mST 5 }
5}
5 2}6
12
10 2 (22)
22 2 k
27 2 (21)
15}
2y 5 22x 1 18
26 5 22 2 k
24 5 2k
45k
74
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 74
7/11/06 11:03:05 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
Problem Solving
y
Distance (mi)
y2 2 y1
280 2 50
230
60. m 5 } 5 } 5 } 5 23
x2 2 x1
10 2 0
10
y 5 mx 1 b
50 5 23(0) 1 b
y 5 23x 1 50
Rate of
Total
5 weight
Weight
gain per
day
2.1
Days
p since
age 14
x
Weight at
age 14
2000
40 x
30
c
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
5b 1 2c 5 27.50
2b 1 c 5 13
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 b
Price of a bag of beads
m2 5 }
5 20
321
Price of a
package of clasps
b.
20
The total cost of using the web hosting service for one
year is $326.
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
112 5 31(2) 1 b
62 5 20(1) 1 b
42 5 b
50 5 b
y 5 31x 1 50
10
20
30
31x 1 50 5 20x 1 42
11x 5 28
8
x 5 2}
11
y 5 311 2}
1 50 5 }
11 2
11
8
302
63. Ax 1 By 5 C
2x 1 3y 5 24
The value of A is the cost of a small slice, the value of B
is the cost of a large slice, the value of C is the total cost.
64. x 5 time (minutes)
y 5 20x 1 42
Point of intersection:
Number of visits
1h
Your friend: } p } 5 }
mi/min
120
60 min
5 9 1 4
3.6
}}}
y5}
x
120
4 mi
h
10
5 326
y
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
y 5 23(12) 1 50
b.
you
Time (min)
your friend
1
0
50 5 b
61.
1h
60 min
1
15
You: } p } 5 } mi/min
1
y5}
(x 2 10)
15
5 25 1 9
5.8
}}
5 25 1 16
6.4
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 75
75
7/11/06 11:03:10 AM
continued
70. Each number is 5 less than the previous number. The next
6.
Years
Amount in
savings
Amount in
CD
$1000
$1000
$1015
$1030
$1030.23
$1060.90
$1045.68
$1092.73
$1061.37
$1125.51
$1077.29
$1159.28
Lesson 3.6
Activity (p. 190)
1. Right angles appear to be formed.
2. All four angles are congruent and they are right angles.
y 5 5x
130 5 5x
26 5 x
It is cheaper to buy skates if you skate more than
26 hours.
2. Cost to buy skates: y 5 130
by Theorem 3.11.
5. Points on line c: (21, 0), (0, 2)
220
m5}
52
0 2 (21)
130 5 12x
10.83 5 x
It is cheaper to buy skates if you skate 11 or more days.
3. Let x 5 number of buttons sold
Number
Charge
p of buttons 5 Total spent
per button
sold
2 p x 5 200 1 30
2x 5 230
x 5 115
You need to sell 115 buttons to earn back what you spent.
4. Let x 5 number of widgets
15x 5 1200 1 5x
10x 5 1200
x 5 120
y 5 mx 1 b
2 5 2(0) 1 b
25b
An equation for line c is y 5 2x 1 2.
Line perpendicular to line c passing through point A:
1
2 5 2}2 (23) 1 b
1
2
}5b
y 5 2}2 x 1 }2
Chapter 3,
76
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 76
7/11/06 11:03:12 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
3.6 Exercises (pp. 194197)
Point of intersection:
1 2
3
y 5 2 2}5 1 2
1
1
2x 1 2 5 2}2 x 1 }2
3
2
5
2
} x 5 2}
y 5 }5
1 23 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 2 2
}}}
3 2
5
65
4 2
5}
2.7
5
5
1
2
5. m1 1 658 5 908
m1 5 258
m 5 2}
6. m1 5 908
y 5 mx 1 b
7. m1 1 388 5 908
22 5 2}2 (0) 1 b
m1 5 528
8. Lines m and n are both perpendicular to t, so by
22 5 b
Theorem 3.12, m i n.
y 5 2}2 x 2 2
Point of intersection:
y 5 21 2}5 21 2
8
2x 1 2 5 2}2x 2 2
5
2
} x 5 24
y 5 2}5
1 2
}}}
8
5
}20
x 5 2}5
7.
d5
3
x 5 2}5
d5
Skill Practice
45
1 1 2}5 2 (22) 2 5 }
1.8
5
6
y5x11
lines across the paper. Unfold the paper and then fold it in
half widthwise, creating a line that is perpendicular to the
rst two parallel lines.
13. You would have to know that both y and z are
(4, 1)
x
x 1 77 5 90
x 2 5 5 90
x 5 13
x 5 95
x 5 33
Point of intersection:
y5211
y53
x52
The point on the line that is the shortest distance from
(4, 1) is (2, 3).
The distance between these two point is:
}}
16. x 2 25 1 20 5 90
3x 5 99
y 5 2x 1 5
2x 5 4
15. x 1 14 1 63 5 90
17. 2x 2 9 1 x 5 90
55b
x 1 1 5 2x 1 5
perpendicular to line k.
19. Lines f and g are parallel because they both are
perpendicular to line d.
20. Lines v, w, and x are parallel because they all are
complementary.
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 77
77
7/11/06 11:03:17 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
25.
P
420
m5}
5 4 y 5 4x 1 b
120
0 5 4(0) 1 b
05b
y 5 4x
Line perpendicular to y 5 4x and passing through (5, 3):
1
3 5 2}4 (5) 1 b
17
4
}5b
3
27. y 5 } x 1 4
2
17
y 5 2}4 x 1 }
4
17
4x 5 2}4 x 1 }
4
y 5 4(1)
17
4
17
4
y54
}x 5 }
x51
4 5 2}3 (0) 1 b
45b
024
m5}
5 21 y 5 21x 1 b
622
4 5 21(2) 1 b
65b
2
y 5 2}3 x 1 4
3
3
2
2
3
1
2
y 5 }2 1 }
2 }2
13 2
3 27
} x 2 } 5 2} x 1 4
13
6
9
2
y5}
13
27
x5}
13
,} .
The point of intersection is 1 }
13 13 2
m 5 1 y 5 1x 1 b
,} :
Distance between (0, 4) and 1 }
13 13 2
}}
05b
d5
y5x
Point of intersection:
y 5 2(3) 1 6
y53
x53
The point of intersection is (3, 3).
Distance between (1, 1) and (3, 3):
}}
27 34
27 34
1 5 1(1) 1 b
22x 5 26
34
}x 5 }
2x 1 6 5 x
y 5 2x 1 6
78
m 5 2}3 y 5 2}3 x 1 b
y 5 }2 x 2 }2
Point of intersection:
27
13
}20
913
1 1}
2 42 5 }
2.5
13
13
37
m 5 2}4 y 5 2}4 x 1 b
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 78
7/11/06 11:03:20 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
32. Given: a b
Problem Solving
29. You should jump to point C because the shortest
Prove: 1, 2, 3, and
4 are right angles.
b
1
2
3 4
30.
Statements
Statements
Reasons
1. 1 and 2 are a
linear pair.
1. Given
2. 1 and 2 are
supplementary.
3. m 1 1 m 2 5 1808 3. Denition of
supplementary angles
4. 1 > 2
4. Given
5. m 1 5 m 2
5. Denition of congruent
angles
Reasons
1. a b
1. Given
2. 1 is a right angle.
2. Denition of lines
3. m 1 5 908
4. Denition of vertical
angles
5. m 4 5 908
5. Vertical Angles
Congruence Theorem
6. 4 is a right angle.
8. m 1 1 m 2 5 1808
9. 908 1 m 2 5 1808
9. Substitution Property of
Equality
10. m 2 5 908
7. 2(m 1) 5 1808
8. m 1 5 908
8. Division Property of
Equality
13. m 3 5 908
9. 1 is a right angle.
10. g h
10. Denition of
perpendicular lines
33. Given: h i k, j h
j
1
Prove: j k
2
h
k
Statements
Reasons
1. h i k, j h
1. Given
2. 1 > 2
2. Corresponding Angles
Postulate
3. 1 is a right angle.
3. Denition of
perpendicular lines
4. m 1 5 908
5. m 2 5 908
5. Denition of angle
congruence
6. 2 is a right angle.
7. j k
7. Denition of
perpendicular lines
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 79
79
7/11/06 11:03:25 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
34. Given: m p, n p
Prove: m i n
8x 5 40
x 5 95
x55
m 5 23
1. m p, n p
1. Given
2. 1 and 2 are
right angles.
2. Denition of perpendicular
lines
3. 1 > 2
4. m i n
35. ###$
AB is not necessarily perpendicular to ###$
AC because you
36. ###$
AB is not necessarily perpendicular to ###$
AC. You know
37. If m 1 5 m 3, m 2 5 m 4, and m 1 1 m 2 1
x 1 75 5 180
x 5 30
x 5 105
41. 878 1 238 1 x8 5 1808
110 1 x 5 180
x 5 70
42. C 5 d 3.14(20) 62.8
y 5 mx 1 b
0 5 23(0) 1 b
05b
y 5 23x
2. P(25, 26), y 2 8 5 2x 1 10
y 5 2x 1 18
m52
y 5 mx 1 b
26 5 2(25) 1 b
45b
y 5 2x 1 4
3. P(1, 22), x 5 15
2m 5 21 m 5 2}2
y 5 mx 1 b
1
4 5 2}2 (3) 1 b
11
2
}5b
5. P(2, 5), y 5 26
3y 5 212x 1 9
11
y 5 2}2 x 1 }
2
y 5 24x 1 3
1
24m 5 21 m 5 }4
y 5 mx 1 b
1
0 5 }4(4) 1 b
21 5 b
1
y 5 }4 x 2 1
7. There is not enough information to determine whether
Statements
A 5 r 2 3.141 }2 2 63.6
45. x 5 45
80
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 80
7/11/06 11:03:29 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
AB 5 x2 2 x1 1 y2 2 y1
5 0 2 4 1 0 2 2
5 24 1 22
56
2. (3, 5), (6, 2)
}
The midpoints of AB are (22, 3), (21, 2), (0, 1), (1, 0),
and (2, 21).
AB 5 x2 2 x1 1 y2 2 y1
5 6 2 3 1 2 2 5
53 1 23
56
AB 5 x2 2 x1 1 y2 2 y1
5 8 2 (26) 1 5 2 3
514 1 2
5 16
}
The midpoint of AB is (1, 0).
AB 5 x2 2 x1 1 y2 2 y1
5 5 2 (21) 1 22 2 (23)
56 1 1
57
21
AB 5 x2 2 x1 1 y2 2 y1
3
1
3
}
The midpoints of AB are 1 2}2, 2 2, 1 21, }2 21 2}2, 1 2,
52 1 0
52
AB 5 x2 2 x1 1 y2 2 y1
5 27 2 (27) 1 24 2 3
50 1 27
57
7. r 5 2, C(3, 4)
8. r 5 4, C(0, 0)
21
Cost (dollars)
5 21 2 (23) 1 5 2 5
y
150
100
50
0
9. r 5 5, C(21, 3)
skating
rink
bowling
alley
0 1 2 3 4 5 x
Number of hours
b. The lines from part (a) are not parallel because they
in dollars.
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
ngws-03.indd 81
81
7/11/06 11:03:36 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
17
5. a. An equation for the height is y 5 } x, where x is the
25
horizontal distance.
y
150
17
When x 5 500: y 5 }
(500) 5 340
25
100
bowling
alley
50
17
b. The slope is }.
25
0 1 2 3 4 5 x
Number of hours
2x 1 3y 5 6
3y 5 22x 1 6
y 5 2}3 x 1 2
2
2
3
A line perpendicular to y 5 2}3 x 1 2 is y 5 }2 x.
10
m5}
5 2}
5 20.4
50 2 25
25
@##$
9. NR QR
}
10. NP i @##$
QR
y 5 mx 1 b
@##$.
11. NJ is skew to QR
0 5 (20.4)(50) 1 b
20 5 b
y 5 20.4x 1 20
Slope of the line perpendicular to the hiking path:
m p (20.4) 5 21
m 5 2.5
Equation of the line perpendicular to the hiking path,
passing through point (60, 100):
y 5 mx 1 b
100 5 2.5(60) 1 b
250 5 b
y 5 2.5x 2 50
20.4x 1 20 5 2.5x 2 50
x 1 35 5 180
70 5 2.9x
24.1 x
y 5 2.5(24.1) 2 50 5 10.25
The distance between (60, 100) and (24.1, 10.25):
}}}
82
Incline
is steeper.
3. Sample answer:
0 2 10
7
c. Because } 5 0.68 and 0.7 > 0.68, the Monongahela
25
x 5 145
17. By the Alternate Interior Angles Theorem,
Cost (dollars)
d. y 5 20x 1 25
x 5 13
488 1 y8 5 1808 because they are supplementary angles.
48 1 y 5 180
y 5 132
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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Chapter 3,
continued
2y 5 58
7y 5 24x 1 2
y 5 29
y 5 2}7 x 1 }7
4
m 5 2}7
y 5 mx 1 b
2x 1 58 5 180
2x 5 122
5 5 2}7 (26) 1 b
x 5 61
11
7
}5b
19. 3 2
1
11
y 5 2}7 x 1 }
is parallel to the given line.
7
7
b. m 5 }
4
x 5 107
x 5 133
5x 1 20 5 180
5x 5 160
x 5 32
23. Line 1: (8, 12), (7, 25)
25 2 12
217
m1 5 }
5}
5 17
728
21
4 2 (24)
m1 5 }
5}
5 22
21 2 3
24
Line 2: (2, 7), (5, 1)
127
m2 5 }
5 2}3 5 22
522
The lines are parallel.
25. a. P(3, 21), y 5 6x 2 4
m56
y 5 mx 1 b
7
5 5 }4 (26) 1 b
31
2
}5b
31
y 5 }4 x 1 }
is perpendicular to the given line.
2
23
326
27. The lines have a slope of } 5 } 5 3, so a
21
21 2 0
1
1
3
} 5 2}.
5
2
} 5 2}.
y 5 mx 1 b
21 5 6(3) 1 b
19 5 b
y 5 6x 2 19 is parallel to the given line.
1
b. m 5 2}
6
y 5 mx 1 b
1
21 5 2}6 (3) 1 b
1
2}2 5 b
1
18x 5 72
4x 5 96
x54
x 5 24
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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7/11/06 11:03:42 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
x 5 43
2y 5 2x 1 4
2x 5 128
x 1 90 5 180
x 5 64
x 5 90
4 2 (21)
y5x24
m 5 21
y 5 mx 1 b
23 5 21(2) 1 b
21 5 b
m5}
5 }0
323
y 5 2x 2 1
x 5 22
23 2 7
210
10
m5}
5}
5}
21 2 2
23
3
12 2 5
m5}
5 2}6
26 2 0
3x 5 39
9x 5 81
x 5 13
x59
60 2 30
30
m5}
5}
5 }5
50 2 0
50
y 5 mx 1 b
y 5 mx 1 b
4 5 3(22) 1 b
10 5 b
30 5 }5 (0) 1 b
y 5 3x 1 10
30 5 b
1
17. P(7, 12), m 5 2}
5
y 5 }5 x 1 30
3
y 5 mx 1 b
12 5 2}5(7) 1 b
67
}5b
5
2. y 0.5x 2 4
1. y > 22x 1 3
y
y
x
y 5 mx 1 b
5 5 28(3) 1 b
21
29 5 b
y 5 28x 1 29
19. P(1, 3), y 5 2x 2 1
1
2
3. 22.5x 1 y 1.5
2m 5 21 m 5 2}
y 2.5x 1 1.5
y
y 5 mx 1 b
1
3 5 2}2 (1) 1 b
7
2
}5b
22
y 5 2}2 x 1 }2
20. P(0, 2), y 5 2x 1 3
4. x < 3
5. y < 22
2m 5 21 m 5 1
y 5 mx 1 b
2 5 1(0) 1 b
25b
21
y
x
67
1
y 5 2}5 x 1 }
5
1
1
y5x12
84
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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7/11/06 11:03:49 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
7. 2x 1 3y 218
6. 5x 2 y > 25
2y > 25x 2 5
3y 22x 2 18
y < 5x 1 5
y 2}3x 2 6
3. D; d 5 rt
110 5 55t
25t
y
x
21
6 2 b 5 9
1
1
8. 3x 2 4y 6
3
y }3 x 2 }2
4
21
or
6 2 b 5 29
23 5 b
or
15 5 b
1
5. D; a line perpendicular to y 5 5x 1 7 has a slope of 2}.
5
6. B; the decrease in sales from week 4 to week 5 is about
24y 23x 1 6
62b59
8x 46
20 DVD players.
7. C; 1 and 9 have equal measures because they are
corresponding angles.
8. B; x8 5 558
x 5.75
y8 1 708 5 1808
76 1 81 1 77 1 x
}} 80
4
234 1 x
4
} 80
234 1 x 320
x 86
5 < 0.05x
y 5 110
x 1 y 5 55 1 110 5 165
9. 5x 2 3y 5 9
23y 5 25x 1 9
5
y 5 }3 x 2 3
3
22 2 1
23
m5}
5}
51
22 2 1
23
The slope of the line is 1.
11. 2x 2 y 5 3
100 < x
After 100 minutes of calls, the cost of using Company A
is less than the cost of using Company B.
Standardized Test Preparation (p. 209)
1. Choice D can be eliminated because 1 and 10 are not
3y 5 2x 1 15
2
y 5 }3 x 1 5
2
2
y 5 }3 x 1 7 is parallel to y 5 }3 x 1 5.
2y 5 22x 1 3
y 5 2x 2 3
m 5 2, (23, 4)
y 5 mx 1 b
4 5 2(23) 1 b
10 5 b
The y-intercept of the line is 10.
12. a8 1 1258 5 1808
a 5 55
13. You know that lines m and n are parallel because their
2}2 2 1
2}2
5}
5 }6
m5}
22 2 1
23
7
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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85
7/11/06 11:03:53 AM
Chapter 3,
continued
2. 3x 2 5 5 x 1 3
Zacharys fees: F 5 4h 1 3
x54
F
18
16
14
12
10
8
6
4
2
0
XY 5 3x 2 5 5 3(4) 2 5 5 7
XZ 5 2(7) 5 14
3. mA 5 288
4. mA 5 1138
acute
Zachary
obtuse
5. mA 5 798
Lauren
acute
0 1 2 3 4 5 h
Number of hours
m5}
x 2x
2
right
7. P 5 2l 1 2w 5 2(14) 1 2(6) 5 40
6. mA 5 908
022
15}
x24
x 2 4 5 22
x52
The ball will hit the bottom wall at the point (2, 0), so
it will not fall into Pocket F at point (0, 0).
Cumulative Review, Chs. 13 (pp. 212213)
1. 4x 5 5x 2 7
2x 5 27
x57
GH 5 5x 2 7 5 5(7) 2 7 5 28
A 5 }2 bh 5 }2 (14)(12) 5 84
The area is 84 square inches.
9. P 5 4s 5 4(3.8) 5 15.2
is 125.
11. Each of the numbers is divided by 4 to create the next
1
number. The next number is }2 .
12. Each number is multiplied by 23 to create the next
an obtuse angle.
15. Because the musician is playing a violin, the musician is
x 5 16
x1357
x54
Given
Division Property of Equality
Subtraction Property of Equality
18. 43 2 9(x 2 7) 5 2x 2 6
43 2 9x 1 63 5 2x 2 6
Given
Distributive Property
29x 1 106 5 2x 2 6
Simplify.
28x 1 106 5 26
Addition Property of
Equality
FH 5 2(28) 5 56
28x 5 2112
x 5 14
86
Given
3x 5 48
b.
2x 5 8
Subtraction Property of
Equality
Division Property of
Equality
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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Chapter 3,
continued
4x 1 64 5 180
4x 5 116
y 5 mx 1 b
x 5 29
12 5 21(22) 1 b
10 5 b
11x 1 37 5 180
y 5 2x 1 10
b. m 5 1
11x 5 143
x 5 13
y 5 mx 1 b
12 5 1(22) 1 b
14x 5 126
14 5 b
x59
(3y 1 42)8 5 (9x 1 54)8
y 5 x 1 14
3y 1 42 5 9(9) 1 54
3y 1 42 5 135
6y 5 22x 1 18
3y 5 93
y 5 2}3x 1 3
y 5 31
1
a. m 5 2}
3
x 5 14
y 5 mx 1 b
21 5 2}3 (7) 1 b
22y 5 280
y 5 40
23.
y 5 79
x8 1 y8 5 1808
x 1 79 5 180
x 5 101
4
3
}5b
22 2 (22)
m5}
50
725
27. (21, 2), (0, 4)
422
m5}
52
0 2 (21)
28. P(3, 22), y 5 6x 1 7
a. m 5 6
24.
7y8 5 1408
y 5 20
x8 1 1408 5 1808
x 5 40
b. m 5 3
y 5 mx 1 b
14 2 3
y 5 2}3 x 1 }3
21 5 3(7) 1 b
11
m5}
5 2}
5
328
222 5 b
y 5 3x 2 22
y 5 mx 1 b
22 5 6(3) 1 b
220 5 b
y 5 6x 2 20
1
b. m 5 2}
6
y 5 mx 1 b
1
22 5 2}6 (3) 1 b
3
2}2 5 b
3
1
y 5 2}6 x 2 }2
perpendicular lines.
34. The photograph suggests parallel and
perpendicular planes.
35. The distance from Westville to Reading is
37 1 52 5 89 miles.
36. A 5 lw 5 40(25) 5 1000
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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87
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Chapter 3,
continued
88
Geometry
Worked-Out Solution Key
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