BASICS

OF
WELDING

BASICS OF WELDING
Welding is a process in which two pieces of metal are melted and fused
together to from a joint. In structural welding this is accompanied by the
addition of filler metal from a electrode.

Types of Welds
Process of welding
Basic weld symbols
Representation of welds
Types of welds need to be used at skewed joint.

Types of welding
Fillet weld
Groove weld

Fillet weld
A weld of theoretically triangle C/S joining two surfaces.
We have 3 types of joints
Lap Joint
TEE Joint
Corner Joint

Minimum weld size required as per LRFD TABLE J2.4 of page 16.1-54

Maximum weld size

Groove weld
Few Groove Weld types

Square Groove
Bevel Groove
V Groove
J Groove
U Groove

Groove weld

Groove welds

Groove weld
Backing Bar
Root opening
Spacer bar
Landing

Complete and partial joint

penetration welds

Groove weld
pre-qualified welded joints
Ref: LRFD table 8-3 page 8-33

Pre-qualified groove weld

Ref: LRFD table 8-3(cont.) page 8-35

Process of welding

Shield metal arc welding (SMAW)

Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)
Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW)
Flux cored Arc Welding (FCAW)
Electro Slag Welding (ESW)
Electro Gas Welding (EGW)

Basic weld representation

Ref: 8-3(Cont) page 8-31of LRFD

Basic weld Symbols

Ref: 8-3(Cont) page 8-31of LRFD

Basic weld Symbols

Ref: 8-3(Cont) page 8-30of LRFD

Basic weld representation

Basic weld representation

Types of welds need to be used at skewed joint

At the skewed joint we have to give the weld according to 10-13

(cont.) page 10-181 of LRFD Manual of Steel constructions

It is varies depends on skew angle

For < or = 11 degrees from perpendicular

For 11< < or = 30 degrees from perpendicular

For 30< < or = 45 degrees from perpendicular

For = 45 degrees from perpendicular

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