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Introduction
This tutorial explains how to model the scavenging process of a two-stroke engine. Scavenging is the operation of clearing the cylinder of burned gases and filling it with a fresh
mixture (or air). This is a combination of the intake and exhaust processes. Modeling
scavenging is very important in two-stroke engine for the following reasons:
1. Too much scavenging can cause the fresh charge to go directly to exhaust (shortcircuit) and thus generate excessive pollutants and wastage of fuel.
2. Too little scavenging will result in excessive exhaust gases in the cylinder thus reducing
the amount of fresh charge delivered to the cylinder which in turn reduces the engine
power.
The scavenging performance is not very sensitive to the initial conditions and thus simulating combustion is not necessary. The tutorial demonstrates how to do the following:
Set up dynamic mesh motion for two stroke engine inside ANSYS FLUENT.
Set up the species transport model.
Use the user-defined function (UDF) to calculate scavenging efficiency/ratio.
Prerequisites
This tutorial is written with the assumption that you have completed Tutorial 1 from
ANSYS FLUENT 13.0 Tutorial Guide, and that you are familiar with the ANSYS FLUENT
navigation pane and menu structure. Some steps in the setup and solution procedure will
not be shown explicitly.
This tutorial also assumes that you are familiar with ANSYS FLUENT MDM layering approach. See Section 11.6 in the ANSYS FLUENT 13.0 Users Guide.
Problem Description
The simulation starts after the completion of combustion and before the opening of the
exhaust port (typically 40 to 70 degree crank angle (CA) after top dead center (TDC)).
Simulation ends right after the exhaust port is closed (EPC).
Transient
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(b) Click OK to save the parameters and close the In-Cylinder Settings dialog box.
5. Define dynamic mesh zones to simulate the moving mesh.
Dynamic Mesh Create/Edit...
(f) Similarly for piston zone retain the other options and enter 0.9 mm for Cell
Height in Meshing Options tab.
(g) Click Create.
(h) For wall-deck, select Type as Stationary and in Meshing Options tab, retain 0.9
mm for Cell Height and click Create.
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Viscous Edit...
Species Edit...
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Step 7: Materials
Materials Create/Edit...
1. Copy carbon-dioxide from the database.
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inlet-box Edit...
(a) In the Momentum tab, enter 132.11 pascal for the Gauge Total Pressure.
(b) Select Intensity and Viscosity Ratio from the Specification Method drop-down list
in the Turbulence group-box.
(c) Enter 7 % for Turbulent Intensity.
(d) In the Thermal tab enter 293K for Total Temperature.
(e) In the Species tab enter 1 for co2 in the Species Mass Fractions group box.
(f) Click OK to close the Pressure Inlet dialog box.
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outlet Edit...
(a) In the Momentum tab, select Intensity and Viscosity Ratio from the Specification
Method drop-down list in the Turbulence group box.
(b) Retain the default values for turbulence.
(c) In the Thermal tab enter 293K for Total Temperature.
(d) In the Species tab ensure that co2 value is set to 0 in the Species Mass Fractions
group box.
(e) Click OK to close the Pressure Outlet dialog box.
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Step 9: Solution
1. Set the solution control methods.
Solution Methods
(a) Select PISO from Scheme drop-down list in the Pressure-Velocity Coupling group
box.
(b) Set 0 for Skewness Correction.
(c) Select Second Order from drop-down list of Pressure.
(d) Select Second Order Upwind from drop-down lists of Density, Momentum, co2,
and Energy.
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(a) Enter 0.6 for Pressure in the Under-Relaxation Factors group box.
(b) Enter 0.7 for Turbulent Kinetic Energy and Turbulent Dissipation Rate.
3. Reduce convergence criterion for continuity.
Monitors
Residuals Edit...
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7. Create an iso-surface.
Surface Iso-Surface...
(a) Select Mesh... and Y-Coordinate from the list of Surface of Constant.
(b) Enter -3 for Iso-Values.
(c) Enter y-01 for New Surface Name.
(d) Select all except fluid-box from the list of From Zones.
(e) Click Compute and then Create.
(f) Close the Iso-Surface dialog box.
8. Set the view and display the iso-surface.
(a) Display the iso-surface.
Graphics and Animations
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(b) Compare with the interface details as shown in the Create/Edit Mesh Interfaces
dialog box.
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(e) EPC CA : This is the crank angle for exhaust port closed condition.
Note: For this tutorial case, there is no need to modify the UDF inputs. For your own
simulation, use the UDF as you will need to modify the UDF inputs following
the above procedure.
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