Unit

2: The Concept of Congruence

Big Ideas (Standard 8.G.5)

I can classify and determine the measures of angles created when parallel lines are cut by a transversal.
I can demonstrate that the sum of the interior angle measures of a triangle is 180 degrees.
I can find the measures of interior and exterior angles of triangles.
I can name corresponding angles and corresponding sides of congruent figures.
I can identify congruent figures and write a congruency statement.
I can identify transformations -reflections, translations, rotations and dilations.
I can perform transformations on the coordinate plane.
I can apply more than one transformation to a series of figures and describe those rigid transformations..

Vocabulary

Congruent
Adjacent angles
Vertical angles
Complementary angles
Supplementary angles
Parallel
Perpendicular

Transversal
Congruent
Congruent figures
Corresponding angles
Corresponding sides
Transformation
Pre-image and Image

Math Symbols and Rules for Transformations

Rotation 90 degrees clockwise

Rotation 180 degrees


Rotation 90 degrees counterclockwise
Reflect in the x-axis:


Reflect in the y-axis


Translations



A' is read A prime

Translation
Reflection
Line of Symmetry
Line of Reflection
Rotation
Center of Rotation
Angle of Rotation

(x, y) (y, x)
(x, y) (x, y)
(x, y) (y, x)
(x, y) (x, y)
(x, y) (x, y)
(x, y) (x + a, y + b)

Definitions, Postulates and Formulas for Congruence

Two intersecting lines will form four angles with a common vertex.
Adjacent angles share a common side and have the same vertex.
When two adjacent angles form a larger angle, the sum of the measures of the two smaller angles
is equal to the measure of the larger angle.
The opposite angles formed by the intersection of two lines are vertical angles.
Vertical angles are congruent angles, meaning they have the same measure.
Two angles are complementary angles when the sum of their measures is 90 degrees.
Two angles are supplementary angles when the sum of their measures is 180 degrees.
Alternate interior angles of two parallel lines cut by a transversal are congruent.
Alternate exterior angles of two parallel lines cut by a transversal are congruent.
Corresponding angles are congruent.
The exterior angle of a triangle = the sum of the two remote interior angles.

(the following is adapted from Big Ideas Math)

Summary Triangles
You can use a summary triangle to explain a concept. Here are examples of summary triangles for transformations.

Example Charts
You can use an example and non-example chart
to list examples and non-examples of a vocabulary
word or item. Here are examples of concepts around
the angle relationships created when two parallel lines
are cut by a transveral.