CHAPTER 5

RAPID VARIED FLOW

Dr. Mohd Hafiz bin Zawawi

HYDRAULIC JUMP
INTRODUCTION

Figure 4.1: Flow inside pipe

INTRODUCTION

INTRODUCTION

Figure 4.2: Hydraulic jump in the hydraulic laboratory

INTRODUCTION

Figure 4.3: Hydraulic jump at the spillway toe (Itaipu

Dam, Brazil)

INTRODUCTION

Figure 4.4: Hydraulic jump at the downstream of sluice

gate (Harran cannal, Turkey)

INTRODUCTION

Figure 4.5: Waves that hit sea wall in Depoe Bay (Oregon U.S)

INTRODUCTION

Figure 4.6: Surges waves (Tangjiasan, China)

USAGE OF HYDRAULIC JUMP

TYPES OF THE JUMP

TYPES OF THE JUMP

Fr = 1.6

MOMENTUM EQUATION

MOMENTUM EQUATION

MOMENTUM EQUATION

MOMENTUM EQUATION
MINIMUM FLOW FORCE & CRITICAL DEPTH

MOMENTUM EQUATION
FLOW FORCE ON RECTANGULAR SECTION

MOMENTUM EQUATION
FLOW FORCE ON RECTANGULAR SECTION

EXAMPLE 4.1
Using the force equation draw the specific
force graph if the hyraulic jump was
occured inside a rectangular channel and
the discharge per unit width is 25
ft3/s.ft..
SOLUTION:
Given:-

Rectangular channel
q = 25 ft3/s.ft
Plot y vs F ???

SOLUTION

MOMENTUM EQUATION
JUMP EQUATION - RECTANGULAR SECTION

MOMENTUM EQUATION
JUMP EQUATION - RECTANGULAR SECTION

4.2 ..

MOMENTUM EQUATION
JUMP EQUATION - RECTANGULAR SECTION

4.3 ..

ENERGY LOSS

Figure 4.7

ENERGY LOSS

. 4.4

. 4.5

POWER LOSS

. 4.6

HEIGHT OF THE JUMP

. 4.7

LENGTH OF THE JUMP

. 4.8

. 4.9

LOCATION OF THE JUMP

IF THERE IS CHANGING OF SLOPE

Figure 4.9

LOCATION OF THE JUMP

IF THERE IS CHANGING OF SLOPE

Figure 4.10

LOCATION OF THE JUMP

IF THERE IS CHANGING OF SLOPE

PROCEDURES OF CALCULATION

LOCATION OF THE JUMP

IF THERE IS CHANGING OF SLOPE

PROCEDURES OF CALCULATION

. 4.10

LOCATION OF THE JUMP

IF THERE IS CHANGING OF SLOPE

PROCEDURES OF CALCULATION
And,

where,

If 12 m3/sec of water per meter of width

flows down a spillway onto a horizontal
floor and the velocity is 20 m/sec,
determine (a) the downstream depth
required to cause a hydraulic jump, (b)
the loss in energy head, and (c) the
losses in power by the jump per meter of
width.

2(20 )(0.6)
Y2 0.3 0.3
6.7 m
9.806
3
(6.7 0.6)
E Losses
14.1m
4(0.6)(6.7)
P Power / m Q(losses )
2

(9806 N / m 3 )(12m 3 / sec)(14.1m)

1659kW

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