PROJECT PLANNING &

SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES

RESOURCES SCHEDULING

Prof. Sanjay Bhoyar

Success of a project

Orderly & even progress of work

Continuous work without interruptions

This is possible, if

NICMAR, PUNE

Adequate volume of required resources

Correct combination of resources
Suitable skilled workers
Technologically adequate equipment
Standard/ required quality of materials
SANJAY BHOYAR

Resources for a project

MATERIALS are worked upon and converted to

PROJECT DELIVERABLES by the assigned
MANPOWER using its skills & efforts with or without
help of EQUIPMENT

MONEY is required for procuring other resources

NICMAR, PUNE

SANJAY BHOYAR

Resources scheduling:

Scheduling the work for effective utilization of

resources

Resources identification

Resources allocation

Daily resource requirement

Resources smoothing

Assigning the resources for each activity

Resources aggregation

Set of resources required

Time constrained scheduling

Resources leveling

Resource constrained scheduling

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SANJAY BHOYAR

Resources scheduling:

Early Start Schedule

Time scaled network

Rescheduling the activities:

To reduce the peak requirement

Shifting the start times of activities

Stretching activities

Splitting activities

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SANJAY BHOYAR

A (3)
ESS

L (2)

B (2)

M (3)
N (2)

A (2)
Stretching

B (2)

Splitting
L (2)
M (3)

A (3)
Shifting

Days

DRR (ESS)

B (2)

3 3 5

5 2

2 2

10

22

DRR (stretching)

DRR (Shifting)

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N (2)

22
2

11

12

13

14

N (2)
15

4 4 7
4

16

7
5

17

18

3 3 28
5

5 28

2 22
SANJAY BHOYAR

Purposes of Resources Scheduling:

To know DRR

To minimize idle time (and cost) of resources

To decide the optimal size of resources to be

procured

To avoid over-allocations for resources

NICMAR, PUNE

SANJAY BHOYAR

Time-constrained Resources Scheduling:

Reducing the peak resource requirement as

low as possible

Shifting/ stretching/ splitting activities

Within available floats

NICMAR, PUNE

SANJAY BHOYAR

Resource constrained scheduling:

Reducing the peak resource requirement

Shifting/ stretching/ splitting activities

To the resource limit

Firstly, within available floats

If required, beyond floats

Project duration may extend

NICMAR, PUNE

SANJAY BHOYAR

Effectiveness of a schedule:

Resource utilization factor (RUF)/ Effective

force ratio (EFR):
Total resource-days required

RUF or EFR =

Idle Force ratio (IFR) = 1- EFR

Higher the RUF, more effective the resource

utilization

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Peak resource requirement x project duration

SANJAY BHOYAR

Effectiveness of a schedule

Based on Peak resource requirement

Lower the peak, more effective the resource

utilization

Burgess rule (Least square rule)

For comparable schedules, the one with least

sum of the squares of the daily resource
requirement is the most effective schedule.
Min,(DRR)2

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SANJAY BHOYAR

Activities, their durations & resource requirements are given

below. Schedule the work for the most effective resource
utilization.
Activity

Preceding activity

Duration (days)

Resource rate

D,E

F,H

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SANJAY BHOYAR

G/6

C/6
A/5

D/5
E/4

B/4
ESS

H/3

DRR (ESS)

M/7

F/2
K/2

Days

L/5

15

16

17

23

24

25

26

27

28

9 11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15 9

9 13 13 12 12 12 5

293

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10

11

12

N/6

13

14

18

19

20

21

22

SANJAY BHOYAR

G/6

C/6
A/5
ESS

L/5

D/5
E/4

B/4

H/3

M/7

F/2
K/2

N/6
G/6

C/6

L/5

D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

LSS

M/7

F/2
Days

DRR (ESS)
DRR (LSS)

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14

15

16

17

18

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15

13 13 12 12 12

293

11 10 10 10 10 14 14 14 18 18

293

10

11

12

13

10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 15 15 15

19

20

21

N/6

K/2

SANJAY BHOYAR

G/6

C/6
A/5
ESS

L/5

D/5
E/4

B/4

H/3

M/7

F/2
K/2

N/6
G/6

C/6
D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

TRIAL1

L/5

M/7

F/2
N/6

K/2
Days

DRR (ESS)
DRR (Trial 1)

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10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15

13 13 12 12 12

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11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 17 17

12 12 12 12 12

293

20

21

SANJAY BHOYAR

G/6

C/6
D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

TRIAL1

L/5

M/7

F/2
N/6

K/2

G/6

C/6
D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

TRIAL 2

L/5

M/7

F/2
N/6

K/2
Days

DRR (Trial 1)
DRR (Trial 2)

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14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

25

26

27

28

11 11 12 12 12 12 12 13 17 17

12 12 12 12 12

293

11 11 10 12 12 12 12 12 11 11

293

10

11

12

13

12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11

22

23

24

SANJAY BHOYAR

G/6

C/6
A/5
ESS

L/5

D/5
E/4

B/4

H/3

M/7

F/2
K/2

N/6
G/6

C/6
D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

TRIAL 2

L/5

M/7

F/2
N/6

K/2
Days

DRR (ESS)
DRR (Trial 2)

NICMAR, PUNE

14

15

16

17

18

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

11 11 17 17 17 12 12 11 15 15

13 13 12 12 12

293

11 11 10 12 12 12 12 12 11 11

293

10

11

12

13

12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11

19

20

21

SANJAY BHOYAR

NICMAR, PUNE

SANJAY BHOYAR

Schedule the work if maximum size of resource

is limited to 10.

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SANJAY BHOYAR

G/6

C/6

L/5

D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

Smoothened
resources

M/7

F/2

TRIAL 2

N/6

K/2

G/6

C/6

L/5

D/5

A/5

H/3

E/4

B/4

N/6

K/2

DRR (Trial 2)

DRR (Trial 4)

M/7

F/2

TRIAL 3

Days

Leveled
resources

12 12 12 12 12 11 11 11

11 11 10 12 12 12 12 12 11 11

10 10 10 10 10

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10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38

293

SANJAY BHOYAR

293