Derivation of the Steady-State Flow Equations (Horizontal Linear and Radial Flow Cases) @ Liquid Flow (Constant Properties) @ Gas Flow (Gas Properties = f(p)) = Pseudopressure (p,(p)) Formulation = Pressure-Squared (p2) Formulation .A. Blasingame (1997)Tt Bloslagame Steady-State Flow |Fundamental Eelladions O 2 Rbvangint? Linear Clow System Ladioh Flow Systan z fo 6 tte that both systems assume that flaw is convevgent towards t — _— He well, t —— a rule 2 Govemingy Equation’ Governing, Equation 2& bA dp (i) 2 bly dp = inkhy op ee bu aK %e Gu dr bu dr or : e4thr ap (2) table of Conversion Factors te faz dv factor —_ Davey Units Field Units SL units te 7 Nleaxios 8827 KIS or ar gre iieeio® = rx se%10* or 70bIxIoS = a S388 KotLinear Flow System Separating GI Gdk = & #4 dp &) Ea ot Slasingame Z ebwany A fadiol Flow System Separating Eg, z Gn Lar = 6, kh ap (4) a Ea Assuming kiguid flow (12, 8 senstant), &4s, sand 4 integrate as"follows e a tof are id keoveinar 7 Gen Ke “ODE & & “Eh th Solving 7 Gey eet by LA (fetta) (5) Bu Ke Similarly, integrating fe ear at ques! 4% 2, KA (R-te) @) & " ka x Solving Gy? tor 4 ques =, + 1 Feb xa) & % x kA We will next develo requires the definition 2 é az 6, th [Ed te [nh tr th Reduciiey Gn GM elt)= G bh (p-p,) ba Solving tor 4c stp Lh (rte) ie) & ” Ba Aalizhiy) similarly, inteqvating Eg, * trom Mier tcl 4 2 ty bh Ge-te) ©) fhe Or Oa) Valuing 4,8 for g gives £ & vel fhe Lally) (0) iy the as thow eguations — which e dattor, Be, and the defirution s ¥gse e & a (i) % fa (2) ton vokee. eF Ges olensity. Theséave Ge fe T 2 lis) p te escGh Blashgome Alots of Fressuve Versus Distance! Steady “State Cases @ 2 febnany Linear Flow System kecalling 4,4 we have sytl febBux @) eh ae which és of the dorm! gebtmx where 4 BBS EK) mal Fe Be 4° RS imal tek be Hy Pecabllog Eg, 10 we have tt ie 2 Bu bate) ta) hich ts of the fm eb +t my where 47%) xe Mite) ed a Grtesian Flot}71h lashgame Pevehopment of US eee Linea’ Gas Flint Syst Radial Gas FL low) Syste LEW Mulip ny ae 48 by ae a ee 4.4 by aie Gehan; dee by tt Gl op (4) fehititdr 4 uh sai (ss) “& Sibstiteting the definction wy eran thedes 7 of & (4,13) into fhe, night-hand- ) ado the r it-hand- side of &, id giv He oY fils qives fee Bi) oe 4a Baia; 1 dv =o tH mye’ _f op (is) ely kh aes # ap (ia) “p ae “py Me Integrating 44 |b Gives us Snteqrat indy fg. 14 elves Us fee Gian ff ak fee iui [Ld 20, tA aa [e op (8) 26th att Gte4 dia) Leobating ie and 14 he, UE ples luz Unt qeneras int val tevm in a £45, 18 term), we have ts az (' ¢ op (oo) eh f xpardira fe as ft 2 dp - aust 5+ @o Me these asp M* SO Te By) nig) (@) where pip): see”jit that in finetion gly) is cabled ", A bas the ones o or definition Be dain 2 “a ip) Het ee eller ave ie “ aur sense (ere sure, because beng (prevde es os Lguid é fee ee ant gi oh et, the BUI e prov that ee g used for pin ied “liga How eqvatic Continvingyes» tinear oe Flow kelations the Integration of mee the ‘to result yes Fee GM) Ke = ee KA Lee)-gig)] (24) Selulng 997 Gee = Ce th Upto) Gin) Poe Inteqgvatih (8 trom o ind Solu v pH) qives , y= () +} Sela x Hately eee, ea ing the i” tow result, 4.4, we have he tut $b x (@) cx kA Bai 6 fis. Flow Bbations Com, in the detegration FE och usta, the pg) result Gives de, La (ve lrgy) 4 2G th fe) $e, Sokving tor fee tp kh _ Lp) lt) ] ed rn Ziltelu) Ba teqrating &, 14 trom ry tor, adie soku iy pe) gies ) d41 FeGlae billie) B64 + s by (aie Kecalliy the Liquid flow ee 2 kiguil 10, We Have . 1 480 Bue An(rteu) (31) é tts ad Tl,7, Bloshgame Steady-State Flow! 6" Formulations O Zebwany AF We ae derive the Sees squared (y*) eee tov Lineay and radial directly, trom the ps een “ep, rehations, fecalling He je detition OF wip in &, 28, we have 64 d= Mid, G3) peat" Asoming m2 Constant , hs 23 becomes By? we I ¢ pap (gz) pe ee aaa Completing. the integration (n 432, we obtain ple wel | 1 (p?-y? ) (3) OO" aaa 7 Pte a through &. 88 by Gai Gives eg « A ie det Nae tt yt ) aa nlf? maz 0 Hse pe | Tee #: Lt (. ) (4) ant 2] fa (a uiting a diference wren osing, b4, $4, gives us a Lee pwd [# fe Ge] 1 Ugt-gt) tos) iM wt T fe P=) z Substituting 6, 38 into lgs, 26 Ubear flow) and 24 lvadlal How) qlve t ie 7 trmlotions,e A, rete Febery 947 binear 7 bas Flow Eqations fadiak Pas flow Cquastone Substituting, by 55 into glo | Sibstrtvtig Gy, 8° lato Gy, 2 quves gives 6, WA Te Lge) . ee te] 1 1 Uy? tO ae Ted 2 fare Mh [eee s ee 7) &) The (ue), term is evaluated at some " gresute, is He Vad fs because Pied és untortvate — but a feet ot we this the ye approach us an xumation, The validity of this aporanch a can be established b obseriing: ts of! Ae versus wressure tor yariou dases of bi vature and re S composition (see atathed plots)oo Comparison of uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F 025 el ‘Comparison of uz versus Pressure—Cartesian Format peter 00°F etter 200° Tare «10°F oo as eal eae Tapas 200° ‘0 Pressure pala 15000" 2.000 and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format. oo 0 S000 Prosar, pla 5.000 Comparisoa of wz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F jan Format. and Various Gas Compositions, Cart gtfort00°% cae Soon ca Sato Prose, aa Comparison of yz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format,(Comparison of jz versus Pressure—Log-Log Format or s00°F nett 20° wy r r r woth 23, ? Tonnes 10" l L Tempore 20°F wo . “ x i e ow ee rT eT a Pressure, pala Prete pala Comparison of yz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F — Comparison of uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. ‘and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. ptt cy ptt wk 4 a. 8 % wh Tongan 30°F ee Pressure pla Comparison of uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format.Comparison of p/yz versus Pressure—Cartesian Format ga or 00°F ng or 200° ‘200900 i nett 4 w 4 os nooo “ Terese» 10°F Teron 20°F S100 "te000" 18am" 600 * ‘000° 10000" 15000-2000 Pressure, pte Presurepa Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format, Plog 1300" lage platen Tenpr 300° S000 oo “aco * "20000 rosa, pata Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format.‘Comparison of p/jiz versus Pressure—Log-Log Format ug for 10°F raga 20° ot wo Pugh psa a0 Tet 1 : i , i fi or 1 0 10 10 10" 10 0 108 10 Presse, pa Pressure, paa Comparison of p/jz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F Comparison of p/jz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. ag or 30°F wt ge palate a Teoma = 100° ot ry Gg et Pressure, pla Comparison of p/z versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format.Derivation of the Pressure-Squared (p2) Forms of the "Gas Deliverability" Equations TA, Blasingame (1995)Th Elasingares Rationale for Fresnwe- Squared Gas Well Delivered tity, Brabois O 1 set 199s Mylti- Point Testing sequence / Comuntional 4-Font Text The tire a above tlluxtrates the mubtyoint well recedure has “evolved” testing sequence tor gas wells, this i lod ace reqotalony agencies to monitor as a mechanism for and reqvhate gas produttion (to guard against Oe ak Smoncat nrca 1S ja goin used to prodee' on), unterpret these data ts shown below, LaF te 4 Phy t= 1! of PEE Gee Fy |e ---- Pr tife fot Absolute open Flow, Phets (Maxim Theoetical Hewyate) tee Lor C4.)7A Blashgame O sgt oe io ee avalysis of the data. on the log-log - p by Gye) = a bog la.) +b w At this point bg,1 be sim empirical. o bservation- gated br thoot a seth fer We will derive the theevetcal basis tor | but first we must reduce this expression to a more usttvdh form, Det inn m T at (the cape term) @) and b: ale, (¢) , lhe intercept term) Q@) Sibstiteting, gs, 2 andl? into &. | we have lay pa.) = 1 boy (4a) mwobtiphyna. throvgh bun qives a bag (tee) = 0 bog gg) = bog Op )”] exponentlatiney ves & sp ti) " he = cpg)” a Recall tye G4 lor its altemade form, &4,1) are both empirical vesvhte — without any theoretical justification, Our job is to establish a ngorovs (ip, phepretical) basis tor ‘these expressions ysinay our Inawledge of the rebations “tor gas How "in spor medle, since How geometry may become an dssve we will develop yelatlons tv toth horieortal Linear aud honieonteh radial. tow,1A, Blasingame @ 4 syta: Horizontal Lear Flow Case Horizontal Ladiol Flow Case Governing vehation! Dewey’ law Governing relation: Dareut Law 4 th ee maa ae “@ 7 p ae a T he we a Lampe" the constant terms Lamping." the constant ir , het 4 LS @ Se orp Up fe) ae ds me dy G2 FA Tee tee @) G+ tlh Tee te a) 7 fe 7 Ke separating separating, ic a= Lp |) lve tp op (2) ae 7 ae The dilemma for both by.8 § Gule ts how de we inteqrate the ¢/ue term? Dowe assume something constant --and of 80, how de we establish whos. ls eonstdut 2? We brow that we want to ond up with a pressvre- squared formulation, %» assuming mezconstant will ee direct entegration of &s, Bad 12, We will addvess whether or vot Mes comtant as 2 post-mortem exercise where will tonsider the Me product under a vavlety, of PRESSURES temperatores, and compositions (qas qravities), ' Proceeding with the integration yives~ Fitegratingy slot Jplp ig] — Integrating, yt), Lp] ib le 6 ghar o-9 1 Sop fous =e hy rp which ipleles which qives, & fe Ze bey ! br) =ol lt steal [4 te [tr] st [ey reducingr y ' reovelnap F ” Le 1 1 Gp?) (13) Mn eral Zp?) (is) Fe a Se) ee Substituting, b> th by, 13 and soba, torg., Substibiting by into 1s $ Sohsing tore hoe = LA Tate |_| (pig?) 4) gy 2 ehh Tete I 1 Cyr?) LOT pe mee Lilielha) T tte EZ (45Horizontal Linear Flow Case Compuringy 24s, 44 14 we have he = 6 gg)" (3) where ce A he 2 | 1) 27 mez and Ke ne] Co) There awe some issues ve Mine Th, Bhasingame 14 Sop (495 Hovigentab Ladial Flaw Case Compaving bys. 44 |b Gives here gs)" whee ¢s_zZnkh blight) T and nel (zo) ket fe the definitions of 12 and, HICK o ly, tHe which ave Constant with time aud the an ty solution" is to prvage reservelr wressute, ip, which varies corth en, the, to note' that we have derived a steac “tole solution (ile, time invariant) tor a problem 4 that vavies with time, If we assyme a p then the concast shoukd be ly- ‘snaeshot" a time for applicable, The actual tame ty this time variant tow regime is preuborteady- state How, eee ‘fe thaght of ac with respect to dine, reunlostendy suctession oF steady -state condytious -rtate conditions can The other, move gene ertion ts whether or not We con assume that uz Conditions where hel h q that for pe cco, empirical concept that proportional, whieh in ton on, analigas aypn ) and tf so, what ave the The atlached wots la eee which ead our 2 Vollibees Ob yes well Mirabibiey wdicake‘Comparison of uz versus Pressure—Cartesian Format gztor 00° gttor200°% fr) ae a0) 10 net io oxo 08 a0} : | 08 : ean oe “Tera = 200°F 0 S00 19000" “$800 20.900 8000 YBaGd 48000" “20500 Prseura pela Pressure pia ‘Comparison of yz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format, 000 oss 025 g rgttor200% ‘S000 ‘whoo Proseur, pale 16,00 ‘000 Comparison of uz versus Pressure for a’ Temperature of 20°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format. Comparison of uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format.Comparison of uz versus Pressure—Log-Log Format gator 00°% nett 20°F 1 - I r o 7 T et ett wf : i ee ott : 3a & & . - wef orf Tonge 19°F i Tonge 20°F ww ge wee A Prosar psa Pres, oaa ‘Comparison of jz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F Comparison of z versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. gt 20°F a ut wf 3. & + tf rr a Presaure, pa ‘Comparison of uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format.Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure—Cartesian Format ao eee i i ‘soot0 we Foon a at ‘S000 “3e00 18000” 2000 . S000 106 ooo saon0 Pressure pla Prete, pia ‘Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 10°F Comparison of p/yz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format. and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format. gt 900° eg a ena a0 reciept Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Cartesian Format.‘Comparison of p/uz versus Pressure—Log-Log Format 0 ig for 100° ug for 00°F wy T 7 T w T T . oar) ate se Pond stk 2 £ 08 i oH i 08 Feel 1 Bel ten Terps =200°F x aa i i 10 1 10 a oF Pressure, sia Proseure sla Comparison of p/yz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 100°F Comparison of p/yz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 200°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format. 0 bloga tr 200° ro Pressure ai ‘0 so Comparison of plz versus Pressure for a Temperature of 300°F and Various Gas Compositions, Log-Log Format,