Gastrointestinal Terms

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1.

abd

abdominal

2.

achlorhydria

lack of gastric hydrochloric acid secretions

3.

aerophagia

the swallowing of too much air that results

in gas and bloating

27.

diverticulitis

an acute inflammation of the

diverticula

28.

douden/o

duodenum

29.

dumping syndrome

a group of symptoms that occurs

with rapid passage of large
amounts of food into the small
intestine; symptoms include
dizziness, sweating, decrease blood
pressure, and diarrhea

4.

anastomosis

the surgical connection of bad parts,

especially hollow tubular ones like in the
GI tract

5.

anorexia

lack of appetite

6.

aphagia

the inability or refusal to swallow

30.

dysgeusia

7.

Ascites

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the

abdominal

abnormalities in or reduced ability

to taste

31.

dyspepsia

vague upper abdominal

symptoms that may include upper
abdominal pain, bloating, early
satiety, nausea, or belching

32.

enter/o

small intestine

33.

epigastric

referring to the upper abdominal

region

34.

esophagitis

inflammation of the esophagus

8.

BE

barium enema

9.

BM

bowle movement

10.

borborygmus

rumbling noises caused by movement of

fluid or gas through the GI tract

11.

bulimia

A serious eating disorder marked by

binging, followed by methods to avoid
weight gain.

12.

cath

catheter

35.

esophag/o

esophagus

13.

cheil/0

lips

36.

fistula

14.

cholecystectomy

surgical removal of the gallbladder

15.

Cholecystitis

inflammation of the gallbladder

an abnormal opening or passage

between two internal organs or
from an internal organ to the
surface of the body

16.

Cholelithiasis
(binary calculi)

the presence of formation of gallstones

37.

flatulence

perceived gas in the intestinal tract

38.

cholescyst/o

gallbladder

GA

general anaesthesia

17.

39.

chol/o

bite

gastrectomy

18.

surgery to resect a portion of or

the entire stomach

19.

cirrhosis

any pathological condition where fibers

connective tissue replaces healthy tissue
in an organ, usually as the consequence
of innflamation or injury

40.

gastritis/gastroenteritis

inflammation of the gastric mucosa

41.

gastr/o

stomach

42.

gastroduodenal
anastomosis (Billroth I)

The end-to-end joining of the

upper stomach to the duodenum
after resecting the lower stomach

43.

gastrojejunal
anastomosis (Billroth
II)

44.

gastrojejunostomy

surgical procedure in which an

anastomosis is created between
the stomach and the proximal loop
of the jejunum. This is usually done
either for the purpose of draining
the contents of the stomach or to
provide a bypass for the gastric
contents

45.

GBD

gallbladder disease

46.

gb (or GB)

gallbladder

47.

GBS

Guillain-Barr syndrome

20.

colic

severe, often fluctuating pain in the

abdomen caused by intestinal gas or
obstruction in the intestines and suffered
especially by babies.

21.

col/o

large intestine

22.

colostomy

a surgical procedure that brings the colon

to an artificial opening created through
the abdominal wall

23.

constipation

a decrease in frequency of bowel

movements with straining with defecation
and/or hard stools

24.

dent/o

teeth

25.

diarrhea

frequent or unusually liquid bowel

movement

26.

diverticulectomy

surgical removal of the diverticula

48.

GE

gastroentiritis

70.

nausea

a feeling of sickness with an inclination to

vomit

49.

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

50.

GI

gastrointestinal

71.

N/G

nasogastric

51.

gingiv/o

gums

72.

pancreatectomy

surgical removal of the pancreas

52.

GIT

gastrointestinal tract

73.

pancreatitis

inflammation of the pancreas

53.

gloss/o

tongue

74.

pancreat/o

pancreas

54.

HCL or HCl

hydrochloric

75.

PCM or PEM

protein-calorie malnutrition

55.

hepatic coma

sudden liver damage

76.

peritonitis

56.

hepat/o

liver

inflammation of the peritoneum

membrane

hepatomegaly

enlargement of the liver

77.

polyphagia

excessive hunger

57.

hiatal hernia

protrusion of the part of the stomach

through the diaphragm into the space
normally occupied by the esophagus,
heart, and lungs

78.

58.

portal systemic
encephalopathy

neuropsychiatric disorder that occurs

secondary to chronic liver disease. It is a
chronic and disabling disorder that must
be treated concurrently with liver disease.

hyperchlothydria
(achyliagastrica)

79.

post-up

after operation

59.

80.

procto/o

anus and rectum

ilelitis

A chronic inflammatory bowel disease

that affects the lining of the digestive
tract, chron's disease

81.

pyloroplasty

surgical enlargement of the pyloric

sphincter

82.

rect/o

rectum

a procedure in which the colon and

rectum are surgically removed, and the
end of the ileum is attached to the stoma

83.

SI

small intestine

84.

sprue,
nontropical
(celiac disease)

an intestinal disorder in which the body

cannot tolerate gluten. Gluten is a natural
protein in many grains, including wheat,
barley, rye and oats.

85.

steatorrhea

fat malabsorption resulting in sever

diarrhea; excessive fat in the stool (>6g/24
hours)

86.

stomat/o

mouth

87.

TPN

total parenteral nutrition

88.

ulcer

A sore that develops on the lining of the

esophagus, stomach, or small intestine.

89.

ulcerative
colitis

a chronic inflammatory bowel disease

primarily located in the colon and rectum

90.

vagotomy

severing of the vagus nerve; often a

component of gastric surgery

60.

61.

62.

63.

64.

ileostomy

inflammatory
bowel

Irritable bowel
syndrome
jaundice

an autoimmune, chronic inflammatory

condition of the GI Tract; IBD is actually
the term designating a syndrome
containing two diagnoses: ulcerative
colitis and Crohn's disease
a bowel disorder characterized by
abdominal pain with diarrhea and/or
constipation
a clinical manifestation of
hyperilirubinemia, consisting of
deposition of bile pigments in the skin,
resulting in a yellowish staining of the
skin and mucous membranes

65.

jejunostomy

an opening of the jejunum

66.

LES

lower esophageal sphincter

67.

malabsorption
syndromes

refers to a number of disorders in which

the intestine's ability to absorb certain
nutrients, such as vitamin B12 and iron,
into the bloodstream is negatively
affected.

68.

melena

dark sticky feces containing partly

digested blood.
the production of melena, following
internal bleeding or the swallowing of
blood.

69.

MOM

milk of magnesia