Activating Prior Knowledge

Find the reciprocal.

1.

2.

1
3
3

1
2

4.

x
1
x

5.

1
a
a

3. - 3
4
4
3

3.4

Learning Objective
Today I will find and compare slopes of lines.

Concept Development

Slope is the rate of change that compares the amount

of change in a dependent variable to the independent
variable

rate of change =

Change in dependent variable (y)

Change in independent variable (x)

slope = rate of change = m

Change in dependent variable (y) =

rise

Change in independent variable (x) =

run

Concept Development

Slope is the rate of change that compares the amount

of change in a dependent variable to the independent
variable

Very Important Please write this down

Slope Formula
y2 - y1
slope = m =
x 2- x1

Concept Development

Finding slopes of Horizontal and

Vertical Lines.
If the line is Horizontal then
the slope is 0.

Concept Development

Finding slopes of Horizontal and

Vertical Lines.
If the line is Vertical then
the slope is undefined.

Concept Development

Slope can also be Positive and

Negative
Sine the line is going up, then
the slope is positive.

Concept Development

Slope can also be Positive and

Negative
Sine the line is going down, then
the slope is negative.

Concept Development

Finding slope from a graph

Step 1.

Look for where the graph

intersects the grid.

Step 2.

Count the rise

Step 3.

Count the run

Step 4.

Use the slope formula

and replace the values.
rise
m = run

2 =2
= 1

Concept Development

Finding slope from a graph

Step 1.

Look for where the graph

intersects the grid.

Step 2.

Count the rise

-1

Step 3.

Count the run

Step 4.

Use the slope formula

and replace the values.
rise
m = run

-1
= 2

Concept Development

Finding the slope by using the

slope formula
Find the slope of the line contains (4,-2) and (-1,2).
Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

Step 1.

Write down the Slope Formula

Step 2.

Substitute the values back into

the Slope Formula.

m=

y2 - y1
x 2- x1

2 - (-2)
m=
-1 - 4

Concept Development

Finding the slope by using the

slope formula
Find the slope of the line contains (4,-2) and (-1,2).
Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

Step 3.

Simplify

2 - (-2)
m=
-1 - 4
4
m=
-5
4
m =5

Concept Development

Finding the slope by using the

slope formula
Find the slope of the line contains (-2,-2) and (7,-2).
Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

Step 1.

Write down the Slope Formula

Step 2.

Substitute the values back into

the Slope Formula.

m=

y2 - y1
x 2- x1

-2 - (-2)
m=
7 - (-2)

Concept Development

Finding the slope by using the

slope formula
Find the slope of the line contains (-2,-2) and (7,-2).
Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

Step 3.

Simplify

-2 - (-2)
m=
7 - (-2)
0
m=
9
m=0

CFU

Finding the slope by using the

slope formula
Find the slope of the line contains (5,-7) and (6,-4).
Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

m=3

Find the slope of the line contains (-9,-5) and (6,-5).

Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

m = -4

CFU

Finding the slope by using the

slope formula
Find the slope of the line contains (3,6) and (6,9).
Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

m=1

Find the slope of the line contains (2,5) and (3,1).

Notation: (x , y ) and (x , y ).
1

m = -4

Postulates
Postulate 17 -

Slopes of Parallel Lines

In a coordinate Plane, two non vertical lines are parallel if and only if
they have the same slope.

Concept Development

Slopes of Parallel Lines

Any two non vertical lines with equal slopes are parallel.
Any two vertical or horizontal lines are parallel.
-1
m= 3

Identify Parallel Lines.

Step 1.
Step 2.

m=

Identify which lines are parallel given these points.

(-2,4) and (-3,0), (4,5) and (3,1), (6,3) and (5,-2)
2
Write down the Slope Formula
2
Find the slope for each line.

m=

y2 - y1

x 2- x1
0-4
m=
-3 - (-2)
-4
=4
m=
-1

m=

y2 - y1

m=

y - y1

x - x1
y2 - y1

x 2- x1
x 2- x1
-2 - 3
1-5
m=
m=
5-1
3-4
-5
-4
=5
=4 m=
m=
-1
-1

Identify Parallel Lines.

Identify which lines are parallel given these points.
(-2,4) and (-3,0), (4,5) and (3,1), (6,3) and (5,-2)
Step 3.

Compare the slopes

m1 = 4

Step 4.

m2 = 4

m3 = 5

Write your response

Because m1 and m2 have the same slopes they are parallel but
m 3 is not parallel since the slopes are different.

Identify Parallel Lines.

Identify which lines are parallel given these points.
(-1,3) and (3,2), (-1,1) and (2,0), (-2,-2) and (1,3)
m1 = -

m2 = -

m3 = 5/4

Because m1 ,m2 , and m3 do not have the same slopes they are not parallel.

Activating Prior Knowledge

Find their Opposite reciprocal then

multiply.

1.

2.

1
(2) = -1
2
4.

x
-

1
(x) = -1
x

1
3

-3

5.

3. - 3
4
1
3

)= - 1

1
a
-a

1
a

)= -1

4
3

3
4

) = -1

Concept Development

Slopes Perpendicular Lines.

Any two non vertical lines whose slopes have a product of

-1 are perpendicular. Vertical and horizontal lines are
perpendicular.
-1
m= 3

m=3

-1 (3)
3
-1
3

3
1

( )
-3 = -1
3

Postulates
Postulate 18 -

Slopes of Perpendicular Lines

In a coordinate Plane, two non vertical lines are perpendicular if and only if
the product of their slopes is -1

Find the perpendicular slope of a

line.
Line t passes through (3,0) and (7,6). Find the perpendicular slope to h
passing though point (2,5).
2
1
Step 1.
Write down the Slope Formula
2
1
Step 2.
Find the slope for line.
2
1

m=

m=

y-y

x 2- x1
6-0
m=
7-3
3
m=
2

y-y

x-x

Find the perpendicular slope of a

line.
Line t passes through (3,0) and (7,6). Find the perpendicular slope to h
passing though point (2,5).

3
m=
2
Step 3.

Take the opposite reciprocal or solve the reciprocal equation.

m 1 (m 2) = -1

2
m=
3

Find the perpendicular slope of a

line.
Line t passes through (3,0) and (7,6). Find the perpendicular slope to h
passing though point (2,5).
Step 4.

Graph the lines.

Find the perpendicular slope of a

line.
Line k passes through (0,3) and (5,2). Find the perpendicular slope to h
passing though point (1,2).

T12

Classwork Page 167

2 -18 even and
page 158 19 - 21

3.5

Learning Objective
Today I will find the equations of lines.

Concept Development

Slope-Intercept Form
Very Important
Any Linear Equation can be written in slope-intercept form.

y = mx + b
Where m is the slope and b is the y-intercept

Concept Development

Linear Equations Can be written in

Standard Form.
Ax + By = C where A, B, C are real numbers and
A and B are not both 0.
ex. of Standard Form
3x + 2y = 10
3x - y = -2

non-examples of Standard Form

3xy + x = 1
3

x + y = -1
x + 6 = -12
y

Concept Development

The intercepts of a graph are used

to graph a linear functions.

The x-intercept is the x-coordinate point where the graph intersects the xaxis.

Concept Development

The intercepts of a graph are used

to graph a linear functions.

The y-intercept is the y-coordinate point where the graph intersects the yaxis.

Skill Development

Using two points to Write an

Equation.

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line through the two
points (0,4) and (3,-2).
y-y
-2 - 4
-6
2
1
=
= -2
Step 1.
Find the slope
m=
=
x-x
3
3
0
2
1
Step 2.

Substitute the given

value and the slope to
the Slope-Intercept Form

Step 3. Look at the y-intercept

and substitute for b.

y = mx + b
y = -2x + b

y = -2x + 4

Skill Development

Using two points to Write an

Equation.

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line through the two
points (0,-3) and (2,5).
y = 4x - 3

Skill Development

Writing Equations of Parallel Lines

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(4,5) and is parallel to the line y = 5x + 10.
Step 1.

Identify the slope

y = mx + b

m=5
Step 2.

Write down the Slope-Intercept form.

Step 3.

y = mx + b
Substitute the coordinates given, the slope found and
solve for b.
y = 5x - 15
5 = 5(4) + b
5 = 20 + b
-15 = b

Skill Development

Writing Equations of Parallel Lines

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(-1,1) and is parallel to the line y = 2x - 3.
Step 1.

Identify the slope

y = mx + b

m=2
Step 2.

Write down the Slope-Intercept form.

Step 3.

y = mx + b
Substitute the coordinates given, the slope found and
solve for b.
y = 2x + 3
1 = 2(-1) + b
1 = -2 + b
3= b

Skill Development

Writing Equations of Parallel Lines

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(4,10) and is parallel to the line y = 3x + 8.
Step 1.

Identify the slope

y = mx + b

m=3
Step 2.

Write down the Slope-Intercept form.

Step 3.

y = mx + b
Substitute the coordinates given, the slope found and
solve for b.
10 = 3(4) + b
y = 3x - 2
10 = 12 + b
-2 = b

Skill Development

Writing Equations of Perpendicular

Lines

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(3,2) and is perpendicular to the line y = 3x - 1.
Step 1.

Step 2.

Identify the slope and take the opposite

y = mx + b
reciprocal of the slope
1
m=3
m=3
Write down the Slope-Intercept form.
y = mx + b

Step 3.

Substitute the coordinates given and the slope found.

2 = - (3) + b
2 = -1 + b
3= b

y = - x + 3

CFU

Writing Equations of Perpendicular

Lines

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(2,-1) and is perpendicular to the line y = 2x - 5.
Step 1.

Step 2.

Identify the slope and take the opposite

y = mx + b
reciprocal of the slope
1
m=2
m=2
Write down the Point-Slope form.
y = mx + b

Step 3.

Substitute the coordinates given and the slope found.

-1 = - (2) + b
-1 = -1 + b
0= b

y = - x

Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(6, -2) and is perpendicular to the line y = -3x + 4.
y = x -4
Write an equation in slope-intercept form for the line that passes through
(4,5) and is perpendicular to the line 2x + 3y = 7.
y = 3/2 x - 1

Concept Development

Graphing Linear Equations by

using Intercepts.
2x - 4y = 8
Step 1. Find the x and y intercepts (from previous lesson).
x-intercept

y-intercept

2x - 4y = 8
2x - 4(0) = 8

2x - 4y = 8
2(0) - 4y = 8
-4y = 8

2x = 8
2 2
x=4
First Coordinate (4,0)

-4

-4

y = -2
Second Coordinate (0,-2)

Concept Development

Graphing Linear Equations by

using Intercepts.
2x - 4y = 8

Step 2.

Graph the line.

Second Coordinate
(0,-2)

First Coordinate (4,0)

Concept Development

Graphing Linear Equations by

using Intercepts.
3x - 7y = 21
Step 1. Find the x and y intercepts (from previous lesson).
x-intercept

y-intercept

3x - 7y = 21

3x - 7y = 21
3(0) - 7y = 21
-7y = 21

3x - 7(0) = 21
3x = 21
3 3
x=7
First Coordinate (7,0)

-7

-7

y = -3
Second Coordinate (0,-3)

Concept Development

Graphing Linear Equations by

using Intercepts.
3x - 7y = 21

Step 2.

Graph the line.

Second Coordinate
(0,-3)

First Coordinate (7,0)

T15

Classwork Page 176

24 - 34 Even
Due in 15 minutes

You have 10 minutes to ask or look

over your notes.

Clear Your DeskNote book only

Warm-up
Find the distance between the points (2,3) and (5,7).
5
Find the distance between the points (-4,-2) and (-6,8).

10.2

3.6

Learning Objective
Today I will apply Perpendicular Theorems to determine
angle measures.

Theorems
Theorem 3.8 - If two lines intersect to form a linear pair of congruent
angles, then the lines are perpendicular.
If 1 2, then gh
Theorem 3.9 -

If two lines are perpendicular, then they intersect

to form four right angles.

If ab, then 1, 2, 3, and 4 are right angles

Theorems
Theorem 3.10 -

If two sides of two adjacent acute angles are

perpendicular, then the angles are complementary

If BABC, then 1 and 2 are complementary angles

Theorems
Theorem 3.11 - Perpendicular Transversal Theorem
If a transversal is perpendicular to one or two parallel
lines, then it is perpendicular to the other.
If h||k and jh, then jk

Theorems
Theorem 3.12 - Lines Perpendicular to a Transversal Theorem
In a plane, if two lines are perpendicular to the same
line, then they are parallel to each other.
If pm and np, then m||n.

Write the theorem that justifies the statment.

If two lines intersect to form two linear pair of congruent angles

then the lines are perpendicular

Draw Conclusions
m

By the Lines Perpendicular to a

Transversal Theorem I would know
that line m is parallel to line n.

Explain how you would show that m||n.

t

Draw Conclusions
Determine which lines, if any must be parallel in the diagram. Explain your
reasoning.
s
t
u

Since p and q are both perpendicular

to s then by Theorem 3.12 p||q. Also
line s and t are both perpendicular
to q therefore s||t.

p
q

Vocabulary
Distance From a Point to a Line The length of a perpendicular segment from a point
to the line.
A

T15

Take Out
Classwork Page 186 - 188
2 - 22 all and 31

Classwork
Page 194 - 197
1 - 26

Classwork
Page 198
1 - 24 all

Use the graph for the following