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CHRONIC

MYELOBLASTIC
LEUKEMIA

1. Epidemiology and
Etiology
Epidemiology
- 15-20% of leukemia and chronic
leukemia is most often found in
Indonesia.
- The incidence in western countries: 1
to 1.4 / 100.000/years
- Often about middle age with a peak
age of 40-50 years.

Etiology
- Radiation
- Leukemogenik: chemicals affect the
frequency of leukemia. Such as:
Benzene
- Hereditary: down syndrome
- Virus infection: retrovirus, HTLV-1

2. Pathogenesis
BCR-ABL gene on the Philadelphia
chromosome (Ph) causes excessive
proliferation of pluripotent stem cells
in hematopoiesis system.
Last a long time due to the age of
cell leukemia BCR-ABL gene are antiapoptotic.
So urgent hematopoiesis system due
to the formation of abnormal clones

3. Clinical Manifestations
CHRONIC PHASE
- Asymptomatic
- Hiperkatabolik symptoms: weight
loss, weakness, anorexia, and night
sweats.
- Spelomegali
- Symptoms of gout, impaired vision

ACCELERATED PHASE
- Fever, fatigue, bone pain (sternum) is
getting progressively
- Leukocytosis
- Platelets decreased
- Promielosit> 30%

4. Basic Diagnosis Work


Anamnesis
= Family history, when perceived
symptoms, exposure to / have
predisposing factors.
Physical examination
= Examination of organ enlargement

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