Adder/Substractor

Eduardo AB, Djones VL, Synthesizable VHDL Design for FPGA, Springer 2014

Half Adder
Fu l l A d d e r

Ripple Carry Adder

(RCA)

Adder/Substract
based on RCA

When Ci = 1 then circuit works as a subtractor

The carry out and overflow signals observed are also known as flags.
A flag is a strategy widely used in digital systems to indicate the
status or a condition happened in the last arithmetic or logic operation

The result of addition or subtraction is supposed to fit within the significant

bits used to represent the numbers. If n bits are used to represent signed
numbers, then the result must be in the range 2 n1 to 2n1 1. If the result
doesnot fit in thisrange, then we say that arithmetic overflow has occurred.
To ensure the correct operation of an arithmetic circuit, it isimportant to be
able to detect the occurrence of overflow.

Solution I

Netlist View

Solution II

Netlist View