Annotated List of Works Consulted

"Antisemitism in the Soviet Union." Wikipedia. Wikimedia, n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2015.
<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antisemitism_in_the_Soviet_Union>. The Wikipedia page
lays out the history of Soviet antisemitism from the Russian Revolution until the fall in
the 1990s. This provided useful information on why Soviet Jews immigrated to the
United States. Additionally, some of the information about Jews' treatment in the Soviet
Union helped me understand why they behaved the way they did once they arrived,
which served for excellent context.
Berman, Hyman. Jews in Minnesota. St. Paul: Minnesota Historical Society Press, 2002. Print.
Hyman Berman was a history professor at the University of Minnesota. His book is a
fairly comprehensive history of Jews in Minnesota, but I specifically used his section on
the Third Wave Russian immigration. The information about the relationship between
the Minnesota and Soviet Jewish communities and their triumphs and challenged served
as the heart of my project.
Lazin, Fred A. "Refugee Resettlement and 'Freedom of Choice': The Case of Soviet Jewry."
Center for Immigration Studies. N.p., July 2005. Web. 24 Nov. 2015.
<http://cis.org/RefugeeResettlement-SovietJewry>. Fred Lazin is an expert in Jewish
Politics at New York University. His article lays out the political debate about where to
send Soviet Jews and how they were treated once they arrived. This was useful context
when considering what the motives of Soviet immigrants were in America as opposed to
Israel, which informed my later sections on their triumphs and struggles in America.
"RAJMN: Welcoming New Citizens to Our Vibrant Community." St. Paul Jewish Community
Center. N.p., n.d. Web. 24 Nov. 2015.

<https://www.stpauljcc.org/programs/adults/classes-groups/rajm/>. This web page gives

general information on the Russian American Jews of Minnesota program, a prominent
program that helps new Russian immigrants assimilate and older generations stay
connected with their culture. The source listed both the services that they provide to new
citizens and the services they provide to those who have been in America for longer,
which was very useful for looking at the situation today. It also addresses some of the
challenges facing the community at this time, which was one of my major focuses and
very helpful.
Smith, Kelly. "Russian culture pride increasingly visible, especially in the west metro." Star
Tribune [Minneapolis] 15 Dec. 2013: n. pag. Print. Kelly Smith, a metro reporter for the
Minneapolis for the Star Tribune, explains the way the Minnesota Russian community is
expressing their culture more openly than ever. She lists several Russian businesses and
other gathering spots, which I was able to research further when I looked into the success
of Russian-Americans today. Additionally, some of the quotes she had from the
immigrant community served as important aspects of the project.
Weber, Lucy. "From Exclusion to Integration: The Story of Jews in Minnesota." MNOpedia. MN
Historical Society, 14 Sept. 2015. Web. 24 Nov. 2015. Lucy Weber is a writer and
Minnesota historian. Her article lays out the different waves of Minnesota Jewish
immigration from the first wave of German immigration to the present. Her commentary
on the treatment of various groups provided important context when looking at the
relationship between the current relationship between the Jewish community and
incoming Soviet Jews.