1

)P(x

)B(x

)Q(x

)R (x

:
)P(x) B(x) Q(x) R(x

:
( )) (R (x )) (B(x .
( :
) Q(x ) B(x )P(x

) P(x n ) Q(x m ) (m n
)) q(x ( n-m )) R(x( m 1 :
)P(x) Q(x).q(x) R(x

) Pn (x ) Qm (x . R(x)

)P (x

b
))
a

((P

)P (x

ax b

ax b 0

)P (x

ax b

b
) 0
a

(P

:1 x 5 2x 2 4 2x 1.

:2 x 7 4 x 5 2x 1 x 1 .
P (x) x 7 4 x 5 2x 1 P (1) 0:
P (1) 1 4 2 1 0

) P (x x 1 .

:3 3x2 4x 5m x 3 m
- 3 (4
- 1 (3
3 (2
1 (1
4 .
f (3) 3(3)2 4(3) 5m m 3

:4 a P (x) x 4 ax 3 2x 2 4 x 2 4.

:5 a b x 5 ax 3 bx 2 2x 1 x 2 1 .
P (x) x 5 ax 3 bx 2 2x 1 . ) P (x x 2 1 x 1
x 1 P (1) 0 P (1) 0.
P (1) 0 1 a b 2 1 0 a b 2
a b 2
b 1

P
(
)
a
b
a
b
a
b
1
0
1
2
1
0
4
4

a 3

: 6

x 1

x5 4x4 3x3 7x2 1

:7 3x5 mx 2 x 1 2 x 1
- 4 (4
- 2 (3
4 (2
2 (1
1 .

:8 (n N) , P(x) ax2n 2ax2n 1 4 x 1 a

2 (4
- 2 (3
- 4 (2
4 (1
p(1) a 2a 4 a 4 a 4

:9 x 4 ax 3 bx 2 4 x x 2 x 2 1 ab . .
:
x 4 4 ax 3 bx 2 4 x (x 2 1) Q (x) x 2
a b 6
x 1 1 a b 4 0 1 2
a 3

ab 9
b 3
x 1 1 a b 4 0 1 2
a b 0

:10 x 7 2x 5 x 4 2 R (x) x 4 2x 1 R (1)

2 (1

- 2 (2

(3

1 (4

2 .

:11 ) P (x x 1 5 ) P (x 5 x 1
5 (1

(2

6 (3

1 (4

:
P (x) (x 1)Q (x 5 ) 5 P (x 5 ) (x 5 1) Q (x) 5
P (x 5 ) (x 1) (x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1) Q (x 5 ) 5 P (x 5 ) (x 1)Q ' (x) 5

)Q ' (x

) P (x 5 x 1 5.
) P (x : a xn b
) P (x a x n b :
(1 ) P (x x n .
(2 ) P (x x n x n

b
a

:12 P (x) 2x 7 x 6 4 x 5 x 2 1 x 3 1 .
) P (x x 3 :
P (x) 2 x 7 x 6 4 x 5 x 2 1 2 (x 3 )2 x (x 3 )2 4 x 2 (x 3 ) x 2 1

x 3 1 .
R (x) 2 (1)2 x 12 4 x 2 (1) x 2 1 2 x 1 4 x 2 x 2 1 R(x) 3 x 2 2x 2

:13

x17 3 x10 ax 2 bx c

x3 1

abc

x 3 1 x 3 1

(1)5 x 2 3 (1)3 x ax 2 bx c

x 3 1

(x 3 )5 x 2 3 (x 3 )3 x ax 2 bx c

(a 1)x 2 (b 3 )x c a 1 , b 3 , c a b c 4

:14
x3

(1
4 .

f (x) x 3 x 2 2 x 4

(2

x2 1

x 1

(3

x 1

(4

x3

:15 x 6 2x 5 3 x 4 ax 2 bx c x 4 1 a b c
6 (1

5 (2

1 (3

- 1 (4

x 4 x 4 -1 .
P (x) (x 4 ) x 2 2 (x 4 ) x 3 x 4 a x 2 b x c R (x) x 2 2 x 3 a x 2 b x c R (x) (a 1) x 2 (b 2) x c 3

) P (x x 4 1 P (x) 0 :
(a 1) x 2 (b 2) x c 3 0

) R (x .

a 1

b 2
c 3

abc 2 3 5

a 1 0

b 2 0

c 3 0

:16 ax6 bx 3 1 x 3 1 1 x2 ax 2b
x 2
4 (4
2 (3
-2 ( 2
- 4 (1
4 .

:17
x3

ax 5 bx 2 1

x 1

x 2 ax 3 b

- 3 (1
4 .
x 7 1 x 1

- 9 (2

9 (4

3 (3

-1 x :
a(1)5 b(1)2 1 1 a b b a

: 18

x 46 x10 4

2x 2 4

(2

(1
1 .

x7

:19
x 1

x3 x

f (3 ) 9 3 a 3 b 9

2x 4

(4

4 (3

x 2 x 1 .

x 1

x 7 (x 1) x 8 x 7

)x 2 x x(x 1

x
x 1
x 1

:20

)f (x

)g(x

g (1) 5

(x x 1) (x 1) x 1

R(x 3 1) (x 3 )2 x 2 (x 3 )2 x x 2 x

f (x 6) g(x 1) 5

(1

x8

1 .

(2

x7

(3

x 2

(4

x 5

)f (x

-
:21

f (x) 2 cos2 x K cos x

)f (x 2 x 2

x 1

x 1

x 1
R f (1 1 2) f ()

f (x) 2 cos2 x K cos x f () 2 K K 2

x 1

:22 ) P(x x

x2 x

:23 f (x) x 3 mx n

2 . )P(x

)f (x

x3

x 2

x 1

3 .

17 (2

12 (1

35 (4

25 (3

f (x) f (2) 8 2m n x 2
m 2

f (1) 3 1 m n 3 ) f (x x 1 3

n 4

f (x) x 3 2x 4

x3

)f (x

)f (3

:
f (3) 27 6 4 25

:24

f (x) xf ( x) x2 1

(2

(1
1 .
) f (2 :

) f (x x 2

4 (4

3 (3

x 2 f (2) 2 f (2) 5
x 2 f (2) 2f (2) 5

f (2) 2f (2) 5

5f (2) 5 f (2) 1

2
f
(

2
)

4
f
(
2
)

10

: 25

f ( x) 2f (x) x 3

- 2 (1
3 .

) f 3 (x) f (x 3

2x 8

x2 1

(1
3 .

)f (x

- 1 (2

:26

x 1

1 (3

)f (x

x 1

x 1

2 (4

1 2 .

(2

5x 5

(3

4x 6

(4

3x 7

f (1) 2

f (1) 1

) g(x) f 3 (x) f (x 3

23 2 m n
n 6 , m 4 R(x) mx n 4 x 6

3
1 1 m n

g(1) m n

g(x) (x 2 1)Q(x) mx n
g(1) m n

:27 ) f (x x 1 x 1 . 1 3
) f (x x2 1
x 2 (2
x 3 (1

(3

2x 2

(4

2x 3

f (x) (x2 1)Q(x) ax b

x 1 f (1) (1 1)Q(1) a b a b 3

x 1 f (1) (1 1)Q(1) a(1) b a b 1

2b 4 b 2 , a 1 R(x) x 2

:28
x 1

)f (x

x2 x 6

3x 1

)f (x 4 ) f (x 1

.
) x 2 x 6 (x 2)(x 3

f (2) 7 f (x) (x 2 x 6 ) Q (x) (3 x 1) f (3 ) 8

:29

)f (x

)g (x) f (x 4 ) f (x 1

x 1

x2

R g (1) f (3 ) f (2) 8 7 1
)p(x) x 2 f (x

x2

4 (1
1 .

:30

)f (x

(2

x2

)g(x

2x

- 2 (3

- 4 (4

x2

Dg

(1
1 .
gof

(2

fog

(3

f g

(4

f g

:31

2 x g f x 2 ax b

- 1 (2

- 2 (1
x 2 4 0 x 2

fog

x2 4

0 (3

1 (4

(fog)(2 x) x 2 ax b

) (fog)(x

(fog)(2 x) x 2 ax b

x2 4

fog(2) 0

fog(2) 0

x 1

x 1

:
x 1 fog(2) 1 a b
1 a b 0

a 0 , b 1

(fog

2
)

b
1 a b 0

:32

P(x) x 3 3 x 2 4 x 1

- 4 (1
3 .

:33

(1

- 3 (3

- 2 (2

1
P(x) x 3 kx 2 kx k 3
2

19
3

x 1

k2 k2
A 1 2
k 2 k1

(2

- 1 (4

x 2k

k1

k2

3
2

(3

19
12

(4

35
12

x 2k 0 x 2k

R P(2k) 4 k 3 4 k 3 2k 2 k 3 0 2k 2 k 3 0

1 9

1 18 19
8 4

3
12
12

2
k1 1 k 2 3 .
2

) ( 12 )2 3 ( 32 )( 12

2k 2 k 3 0

3
2

k 3 k 23 S3 3 PS

A 1
k1k 2
P

.
9
1
2 9 8 27 19
4

3 1
3 4
12
12

xn an x a

( x n a n x a . R x n a n x a :
x a 0 x a R an an 0

a n .
( x n a n n x a .:
x a 0 x a R (a)n a n

R (a)n a n n .
( x n a n n x a :
x a 0 x a R (a)n a n

R n .
( x n a n x a .:
x a 0 x a R a n a n 2a n 0

.
:34 x 24 1 x 2 1 .
x 24 1 .
x 24 1 (x 2 )12 (1)12

) x n a n =n( x a . (x 2 )12 112 x 2 1 .

:35 814 1 65 .

:
-1 a m bm a p bp m p.
-2 a m bm a p bp m p.
-3 a m bm a p bp m p.
-4 a m bm a p b p .
:36 x4 x
(1

x2 x 1

(2

x2 x 1

(3

x2 x 1

(4

x2 x 1

)x4 x x(x 3 1) x(x 1) (x2 x 1

:37 x4 x 3 x 1
x 2 x (1

(2

:38
-64 (1

x2 x 1

(3

p(x) x 6 64 x 2

32 (2

x 6 26 x 2 .
x 2 q(2) 0

)p(x) (x 2)q(x

x2 x 1

x2

16 (3

(4

x2 1

p(x) x 6 2 6 x 2

(4
) q(x