qarTveluri memkvidreoba (akaki wereTlis saxelmwifo

universitetis qarTveluri dialeqtologiis samecniero-kvleviTi

institutis perioduli samecniero Jurnali) tomi XII, gv., 92-95

darejan dvali-demetraZe

vaJa-fSavelasa da iohan volgang fon goeTes

Sexedulebebi bunebaze

SeiZleba paraleli gavavloT bunebis Sesaxeb goeTesa da vaJa-

fSavelas Sexedulebebs Soris.
vaJa-fSavela bunebis mesaidumlea. igi bunebis daxatvas miudga
savsebiT originalurad. qarTuli literaturis mkvlevarebma ra cneba ar
ixmares, rom gaerkviaT vaJaseuli gageba bunebisa. mas araerTgzis uwodes
simbolisti, panTeisti, pilomioisti, animisti, anTropomorfisti da sxv.
bunebis grandiozuli saxe vaJa-fSavelas yuradRebas yovelTvis
ipyrobda. xSir SemTxvevaSi igi bunebas iTvisebs martooden mxedvelobiT,
realisturad, Rrmad xedavs, uSualod iTvisebs bunebis mravalnairobas.
magram vaJa-fSavelas yuradRebas ipyrobda ara martooden bunebis
garegnoba, momajadoebeli ieri, aramed misi suli, Sinaarsi. igi bunebis
yovel gamovlinebaSi sicocxles xedavs. misTvis buneba diadi uzarmazari
arsebaa, romelic cxovrobs, ganicdis; bunebaSi yvelaferi cocxalia:
mTebi, mcenareebi, kldeebi, mdinareebi. vaJa-fSavela iziarebs Sexedulebas
sicocxlis erTiani sulis Sesaxeb, romelic, misi warmodgeniT, gabneulia
mTel samyaroSi. buneba brZeni da gonieria. am TvisebebiT is xSirad
adamiansac sjobnis. ,,vxedavT kargad, bunebas rom Tvalebi ara aqvs, arc
Tavi abia da tvini sad eqneba? magram misi wesi da rigi, misi simtkice
azrisa da miswrafebisa Cven gvaocebs". igi bunebis analogias xedavs
adamianTa cxovrebaSi. ,,Cveni cxovreba sruli gamomxatvelia bunebisa.
yvela is, rac bunebaSia: damokidebuleba cxovelTa Soris, mcenareTa, casa
da dedamiwas Soris, wyalsa da haerTa, yvela es Cven kacTa Soris xdeba -
vaJa-fSavelasaTvis es azri mTavaria.
vaJa-fSavela aris bunebis saidumloebaTa gamgebi da misi harmoniis
momRerali. igi Tavis leqsebsa da poemebSi bunebis yovel movlenas
adamianuri TvisebebiT da gancdebiT warmogvidgens. amave dros Tavis
gmirTa sulier mRelvarebas rogor upirispirebs bunebas, romelic asaxavs
rogorc bednierebas, ise ubedurebas. vaJa-fSavelam gvagrZnobina adamianisa
da bunebis urTierToba, bunebis, rogorc sulieri arsebis, xasiaTi.
goeTe Tavis ZiriTad Sexedulebebs mxolod gonebiT ki ar Wvretda,
aramed man isini, upirveles yovlisa, empiriulad, bunebaSi da
sazogadoebaSi calkeul movlenaTa dakvirvebiT, gamocdilebiT moipova.
,,fiqri codnaze metad sainteresoa, magram ara naxvaze" _ am azriT Seqmna
man Tavisi mravlismomcveli sabunebismetyvelo narkvevebi.
goeTes naSromi ,,buneba" gamoxatavs mis 1780 wels Camoyalibebul
azrebs bunebaze, romelic man xandazmulmac aRiara da sworad miiCnia.
naSromSi goeTe Rrmad swvdeba im azrs, rom kavSiri bunebasa da adamians
Soris mecnierulad arasakmarisad aris axsnili. amas garda, is epoqis
meqanikur materializmsac uaryofs. bunebrivi movlena misTvis araa saaTis
meqanizmi, is araa iolad gansaxilveli mizezobriobis meqanikuri Sedegi; da
xdeba ise, rom axalgazrda goeTe bunebas SeigrZnobs da ayalibebs
nawilobriv rogorc keTilganwyobil fenomens da nawilobriv rogorc
mtruls, ganuWvretels.
goeTes miswrafeba iyo, rogorc xelovans, Seecno samyaro. rogorc
bunebismetyveli ki, goeTe uwinaresad iyo xelovani da man, rogorc
xelovanma da poetma, naSromSi Cado Tavisi warmodgenebi bunebis Sesaxeb.

iohan volfgang fon goeTe

buneba (fragmenti)
buneba! Cven is gars gvakravs da Semogvxvevia _ uZlurni varT misgan
Tavis dasaRwevad da aseve uZlurni _ masSi Rrmad SesaRwevad.
uceremoniod da gaufrTxileblad gvrTavs is Tavis ferxulSi da CvenTan
erTad ganagrZobs mas, sanam araqaTgaclilni ar davusxltebiT mis
mklavebs.
is gamudmebiT qmnis axal saxeebsa da formebs: rac axla aris,
arasodes arsebula, xolo rac iyo _ aRarasodes iqneba; yvelaferi axalia
da mainc mudam Zveli!
Cven masSi vcocxlobT da misTvis ucxoni varT. is ganuwyvetliv
gvesaubreba, saidumlos Tavisas arki gvimxels. Cven masze mudam
vzemoqmedebT, magram masze mainc ver vmbrZaneblobT...
TiTqos yvelaferi individualobisaTvis Seuqmnia, TviTon ki
individuumisagan araferi sWirdeba. is gamudmebiT agebs da angrevs, misi
SemoqmedebiTi ,,saxelosnoebi" CvenTvis miuRwevadia _ versad miagneb!
is mxolod SvilebSi arsebobs, magram deda? _ sadaa deda?! is
erTaderTi Semoqmedia, SeuZlia rogorc martivi masalis, aseve udidesi
kontrastebis Seqmna. daZabulobis gamouvlineblad SeuZlia Seqmnas
udidesi srulyofileba da uzustesi konkretuloba, romelic yovelTvis
raRac rbiliTaa Seburvili.
TiToeul mis Sedevrs sakuTari arsi aqvs, yovel mis movlenas _
izolirebuli cneba, magram yvelafers is erTi _ buneba agvarebs.
is speqtakls TamaSobs: TviTon uyurebs Tu ara am speqtakls, Cven ar
viciT, magram is CvenTvis mainc TamaSobs, Cven ki kuTxeSi vdgavarT.
is maradiuli sicocxlea, masSi moZraobaa, magram win mainc ar iwevs.
is mudmiv gardaqmnaSia da arc erTi wuTiT ar mSviddeba. cneba
,,SeCerebas" is ar scnobs, mSvidad yofna mas SeCvenebuli aqvs. is mtkicea,
misi nabiji _ mozomili, gamonaklisebi misTvis iSviaTobaa, kanonebi misi _
Seuvali!
fiqrobda da fiqrobs marad, magram ara rogorc adamiani, aramed
rogorc buneba. mas SenarCunebuli aqvs sakuTar yovlismomcvel azrze
darCenis ufleba, romelsac veravin Seacvlevinebs.
 yoveli adamiani masSia da is yvelaSia. yvelasTan keTilganwyobiT
TamaSobs da xarobs, rac ufro meti mougebs mas. bevrTan is bolomde
saidumlod TamaSobs manam, sanam ar miuxvdebian.
buneba arabunebrivicaa, yvelaze ufro uxeS filisteriasac aqvs
raRac misi geniidan.
sakuTari Tavic uyvars bunebas da gamudmebiT ijaWvavs TvaliTa da
guliT uamravs. is harmoniaSi mosula, raTa TviTtkboba ganicados, Tan
axal tkbobis moyvareTac xarbad eZiebs, raTa miendos da guli gauxsnas.
iluziebis moyvarulia da vinc iluzias Tavis TavSi an sxvebSi
Caklavs, mas umkacresi tiraniviT dasjis. vinc mas miendoba, bavSviviT
gulSi Caikravs.
mas uTvalavi Svili hyavs, aravisTvis arafers iSurebs, magram hyavs
rCeulnic, romelTaTvisac bevrs gascems da metsac swiravs. bumberazi
pirovnebebisaTvis mfarveloba miuniWebia.
is adamianur qmnilebebs araraisgan Sobs da ar eubneba, Tu saidan
modian da saiT midian. maT mxolod unda irbinon, gza ki man _ bunebam
icis!
mas cotaodeni guliswadili da mamoZravebeli Zala aqvs, magram
arasodes gacveTili, yovelTvis qmediTi da mravalferovani.
misi speqtakli mudam axalia, radgan gamudmebiT axal mayurebels
qmnis. sicocxle misi yvelaze saukeTeso gamogonebaa, sikvdili ki _
ostaturi xerxi, raTa kvlav mravali sicocxle Svas.
is adamians burusSi axvevs da ubiZgebs maradiuli sinaTlisaken, xdis
mas dedamiwaze damokidebuls, zantsa da mZimes, magram gamudmebiT ki
anjRrevs.
is iZleva moTxovnebs, saWiroebebs, radgan moZraoba, moqmedeba uyvars.
sakvirveli kia, rom yvela am moZraobas is cotaSi Tu aRwevs. yoveli misi
moTxovna madli da wyalobaa, romelic mas swrafad akmayofilebs, magram
swrafadve kvlav moiTxovs. Tuki vinmes ufro mets miscems, es misTvis
sixarulis axali wyaroa, magram maleve kvlav wonasworobaSi modis.
is TviT pativmoyvareobaa, magram ara CvenTvis, CvenTvis is ufro
mniSvnelovani raimesTvis arsebobs.
TiToeul Tavis Svils Wkua-gonebaze Zalas ataninebs, yovel ugnurs
sakuTari Tavisken miaxedvinebs, aTasobiT adamians ki sakuTar Tavze
gadaabijebinebs da arafers daanaxvebs, da yvela maTganSi TavisTvis
sixarulsa da angariSgebas poulobs.
mis kanonebs misdeven, misdeven im drosac, roca maT ewinaaRmdegebian;
moqmedeben ,,masTan" (bunebasTan) erTad maSinac ki, roca mis
sawinaaRmdegod surT moqmedeba.
mas arc ena (Sprache) aqvs da arc mWevrmetyveleba, magram qmnis
(fizikur) enebs da gulebs, riTac is grZnobs da saubrobs.
misi gvirgvini siyvarulia, mxolod siyvarulis gziT SeiZleba masTan
daaxloeba. is yovel arsebas Soris ufskruls qmnis, yvelafers izolacias
ukeTebs, raTa yovelivem kvlav erTad moiyaros Tavi. is Tavis Zalisxmevas
da Sromas siyvarulis Tasidan ramdenime ylupiT inazRaurebs.
 is yvelaferia, Tavs ijildovebs da isjis kidec, xarobs da itanjeba.
is mkacricaa da lmobieric, sayvarelicaa da saZulvelic, uZluricaa da
yovlisSemZlec. masSi mudam aris yvelaferi. is ar scnobs warsulsa da
momavals, awmyo misi maradiulobaa. is keTilia, me vadideb mas Tavisi
yvela qmnilebiT. is brZenia da mSvidi. misgan ver miiReb sxeulis da sulis
Sesaxeb axsna-ganmartebas, mas ver waglej jildos, romelsac nebayoflobiT
ar iZleva. is cbieria, magram kargi miznebisaTvis da yvelaze ukeTesia, Tu
mis eSmakobas ar SevamCnevT.
is erTiani, mTliania, magram yovelTvis usasrulo. ise, rogorc is
axla moqmedebs, mas yovelTvis SeuZlia imoqmedos.
TiToeulSi is sakuTari saxiT da formiT vlindeba, is aTasobiT
saxelsa da terminSi imaleba da mainc sul erTi da igivea.
man momavlina amqveynad da isve wamiyvans aqedan. me vendobi mas. mas
surs ganmkargavdes, is Tavis qmnilebas ar SeiZulebs.
es me ar vsaubrobdi mis Sesaxeb. ara, rac Cems naTqvamSi WeSmariteba
da sicruea _ es yvelaferi man ilaparaka. yvelaferi misi bralia,
yvelaferi misi damsaxurebaa!

damowmebuli literatura

i. goeTe, 1978, - i. goeTe, mSvenieri nawarmoebebi bunebaze,

xelovnebaze da xalxTa Sesaxeb, berlini. 1978.
S. radiani, 1967 - S. radiani, mecxramete saukunis qarTuli
literatura, Tb., 1967.

DAREJAN DVALI-DEMETRADZE

VAZHA-PSHAVELA AND GOETHE’S VIEWS

ABOUT THE NATURE

Vazha-Pshavela depicts the Nature with an original method. In most cases he sees
it realistically in the sense that his attention is captured by the spirit and content of the
Nature. He makes the reader feel the relationship between the human being and the
Nature.
On the other hand Goethe was aimed at revealing the truth about the Nature and the
society and conveys it through his amassed experience. Goethe reflects various differing
sensations of the Nature by the man. In his theoretic views he provides novel ideas about
something which he terms as “nature” and identifies it with the concept of “reality”.
According to Goethe human being is an indispensable part of the Nature.