Name:__________________________

Review Packet
Cell & Cell Transport

1) Define cell: structural and functional unit of all living things,

building block of life.
2) List the three statements to the cell theory:
A. The cell is the basic functional unit of all living things.
B. The cell is the basic structural unit of all living things.
C. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
3) List the three exceptions to the cell theory
A. Chloroplast, mitochondria (self-duplicating)
B. Origin of the first cell
C. viruses
4) Define organelle: tiny workers of the cell, discrete structure of a
cell that has a specialized function.
5) State two similarities between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
A. dna
B. cell membrane
6) State two differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell.
A. eukaryotic cells have membrane bound organelles
B. Prokaryotic cells are smaller than eukaryotic cells. (1/10)
7) State the levels of organization from organellesorganism.
Organelles, cells, tissues, organs and organ systems, organism
Cell Structure and Function
8) Label the organelles below. Is this a plant cell or an animal cell?
How do you know? Plant cell. Presence of a
cell wall, chloroplasts and central vacuole.
A: nucleus
B: cytoplasm (ribosome)
C: central vacuole
D: chloroplast

9) Briefly describe the function of each organelle:

A. Cell membrane: selectively permeable. Controls what
enters and exits the cell (simple one can, complex
molecules cant)
B. cytoplasm: site of metabolic reactions, contain organelles
C. Nucleus: contains dna, which carries genetic information
and instructions for protein synthesis
D. Nucleolus: site of ribosome synthesis
E. Nuclear envelope: Controls what enter/exits the nucleus
F. Endoplasmic reticulum: intracellular transport
G. Ribosome: site of protein synthesis
H. Mitochondria: production of ATP (site of cellular respiration)
I. Golgi bodies: receives, sorts and packages substances
J. Lysosomes: contains digestive enzymes, fuses with food
vacuole and digests food
K. Vacuoles: stores food,water and waste
L. Centrioles: appear to have a role in cell division
M. Contractile vacuole: water regulation organelle present in
unicellular organisms.
10)

Label the organelles below. Is this a plant cell or an animal

cell? How do you know? Animal cell. Presence of centrioles, no

cell wall
A: vacuole
B: mitochondria
C: ribosomes
D: cell membrane

Ribosomes synthesize proteins (enzymes); mitochondria requires

enzymes to convert glucose into ATP

Ribosomes require ATP (synthesized during respiration by

mitochondria) to synthesize proteins.
11)

What are four differences between plant and animal cells.

A. Cell wall (plant)
B. Chloroplast (plant)
C. Large central vacuole (plant)
D. Centrioles (animal)

12)

Briefly describe the functions of each organelle.

A. Chloroplast: site of photosynthesis( food making process in
plants)
B. Large central vacuole: stores water for photosynthesis
C. Cell wall: non living structure, composed of cellulose,
provides shape and protection.

Cell Membrane and Transport

13)

Label the diagram of the cell membrane.

14)

Define concentration gradient: difference among

concentration amounts
15)

Define Passive Transport: cellular transport, ATP is not

used, substances go from high to low concentration.

16)

List the three types of passive transport and briefly

describe them.
A. Diffusion: passive transport of molecules
B. Osmosis: passive transport of water across a cell
membrane

C. Facilitated diffusion: assistance by carrier proteins in

transporting substances across the cell membrane.
17)

What would happen to a cell placed in a hypotonic

environment? Draw a diagram to help explain your answer.

Water moves into the cell, because there is a
greater concentration of water outside the cell,
than inside.
18)

What would happen to a cell placed in a

hypertonic environment? Draw a diagram to help explain your

answer.
In a hypertonic environment, water
moves out of the cell, because there
is a greater concentration of water
inside the cell.

19)

What would happen to a cell placed in an isotonic

environment? Draw a diagram to help explain your answer. In a

isotonic environment, water concentration is equal inside the cell
and outside the cell.

20)

State the two basic differences between active transport

and passive transport.

A. In active transport, ATP is used and is not required in
passive transport.
B. In active transport, molecules go from low to high
concentration, in passive transport molecules go from high
to low.
21)

Two basic types of endocytosis are pinocytosis and

phagocytosis.
22)

State the basic difference between pinocytosis and

phagocytosis. Pinocytosis involves small dissolved

substances and phagocytosis-- involves large, undissolved
molecules.
23)

The flowing motion of the cytoplasm that transports

materials within the cell is called cyclosis.

24)

Review all concepts associated with Diffusion thru

Membrane!!!

Red Onion Osmosis Demonstration

1: Iodine

2: Iodine + Starch Blue Black