Destilacin Simple

Datos de Calibracin

Fraccin Molar

OH (ml)

H2O (ml)

0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.88

2.607
4.424
5.764
6.791
7.604
8.265
8.809
9.269
9.588

7.393
5.576
4.236
3.209
2.396
1.735
1.191
0.731
0.412

pendiente
0.0324650137

ind. Refraccion Fraccin Molar (XE)

MUESTRA
Remanente

1.3456
1.3391

0.31
0.11

moles totales contenidos en el matraz

Lo=

mo
x E M E +(1x E ) M A
Lo =

18.7406

Luego de la Destilacin los moles totales son:

Li=

mi
x E M E +(1x E ) M A
Li=

L0

ln =
Li

15.1803

0.2106976053

ECUACIN DE RAYLEIGH

(% mol lquido)
1.9
7.21
9.66
11.00
12.38
16.61
23.37
26.08
31.00
32.73
39.65
50.79
51.98
57.32
67.63
74.72
89.43

(% mol vapor)
17
38.91
43.75
45.37
47.04
50.89
54.45
55.8
57.62
58.26
61.22
65.64
65.99
68.41
73.85
78.15
89.43

Temperatura (C)

T (C)
95.5
89
86.7
86.1
85.3
84.1
82.7
82.3
81.9
81.5
80.7
79.8
79.7
79.3
78.74
78.41
78.15

Mol lquido
0.019
0.0721
0.0966
0.1100
0.1238
0.1661
0.2337
0.2608
0.3100
0.3273
0.3965
0.5079
0.5198
0.5732
0.6763
0.7472
0.8943

Diagrama sistema Etanol - Agua

100
95
90

mol
liquido
mol vapor

85
80
75
70
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7

composicion (mol)

0.8

Evaluacin analtica de la integral

L0
x0
1 x1
1
ln =
ln + ln
L1 1
x1
1x 0

0.9

L0
x0
1 x1
1
ln =
ln + ln
L1 1
x1
1x 0

Mol lquido
0.019
0.0721
0.0966
0.1100
0.1238
0.1661
0.2337
0.2608
0.3100
0.3273
0.3965
0.5079
0.5198
0.5732
0.6763
0.7472
0.8943

Mol vapor
0.17
0.3891
0.4375
0.4537
0.4704
0.5089
0.5445
0.558
0.5762
0.5826
0.6122
0.6564
0.6599
0.6841
0.7385
0.7815
0.8943

y ( 1 -x )
( 1 -y ) x

Resolviendo :

L0

ln =
Li

0.6650

1-Y
0.83
0.6109
0.5625
0.5463
0.5296
0.4911
0.4555
0.442
0.4238
0.4174
0.3878
0.3436
0.3401
0.3159
0.2615
0.2185
0.1057

1.365

ind. Refraccion

f(x) = 0.0324650137x + 1.3353951932

R = 0.9835124978

1.36

1.3380
1.3410
1.3460
1.3500
1.3510
1.3540
1.3600
1.3610
1.3630

1.355
1.35
1.345
1.34
1.335
1.33

intercepto
1.3353951932

1.325
0

0.1

Molar (XE)

mo=
XE=
ME=
MA=

500
0.31
46
18

mo=
XE=
ME=
MA=

320
0.11
46
18

gr
gr/mol
gr/mol

mol

mol

gr
gr/mol
gr/mol

0.2

0.3

0.4
0.5
0.6
fraccion molar

0.7

0.8

Clculando del Area

35.0000

30.0000
f(x) = 764.7543259871x^4 - 1017.1841256192x^3 + 490.9467794578x^2 - 90.14793
25.0000
R = 0.9970979385
20.0000
15.0000
10.0000
5.0000

AREA

0.0000
0

0.1

0.2

mol
liquido
mol vapor

0.9

0.3

0.4
X

nuevos valores:
X
1/(Y-X)
0.11
2.7981888
0.16
2.4952754
0.21
2.8027192
0.26
3.3820568
0.31
4.0095366

Agua

0.8

1/(y-x)
6.6225
3.1546
2.9334
2.9095
2.8852
2.9172
3.2175
3.3647
3.7566
3.9170
4.6361
6.7340
7.1378
9.0171
16.0772
29.1545

1/(y-x)

Mol vapor
0.17
0.3891
0.4375
0.4537
0.4704
0.5089
0.5445
0.5580
0.5762
0.5826
0.6122
0.6564
0.6599
0.6841
0.7385
0.7815
0.8943

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

1-X
0.981
0.9279
0.9034
0.89
0.8762
0.8339
0.7663
0.7392
0.69
0.6727
0.6035
0.4921
0.4802
0.4268
0.3237
0.2528
0.1057

3.7862783565
6.6445068323
6.5770971661
6.1587158169
5.0527870508
3.9865694195
3.6196522881
3.1395941482
2.9102070914
2.548830243
2.1170895658
1.8271703126
1.750025901
1.6509461984
1.4642151446
2.0900074486

Xo=XE=

0.31

X1=XE=

0.11

4.14459

0137x + 1.3353951932
978

0.4
0.5
0.6
fraccion molar

0.7

0.8

0.9

ando del Area

41256192x^3 + 490.9467794578x^2 - 90.1479352224x + 8.0158874945

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Metodo de Simpson

h=

0.05

Area =

0.5987

Problema 1
PM agua=
PM etanol=

18
46

fraccion masica inicial =

fraccion molar inicial=

Ln

g/mol
g/mol
0.3
0.143617

X o dx
X
=X
0 .2 X o
y x

x
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.1
0.2

y
0.103
0.235
0.270
0.325
0.444
0.529

Ln (x/0,2Xo)
0.043
0.331
0.554
1.247
1.9406

1/(y-x)
10.7527
4.8780
4.3478
3.6364
2.9070
3.0395

x
0.01
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.1
0.2

Ln (x/0,2Xo)

integral

0.043
0.331
0.554
1.247
1.941

0.554
0.451
0.340
0.127

x
0.113617
0.103617
0.093617
0.043617
-0.056383

area
0.554229
0.450509
0.340426
0.126794
-0.171377

se observa que para x=0.04 los dos terminos , el logaritmo y la integral casi coinciden por lo tanto es

Problema 2

sistema de equilibrio etanol-agu

y
0.103
0.235
0.325
0.444
0.529
0.573
0.613
0.652
0.697
0.753

1
0.9
0.8
0.7
0.6

x
0.01
0.03
0.05
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7

0.5
0.4
0.3

0.8
0.7

0.6

0.8
0.85
0.87
0.894

0.818
0.816
0.873
0.894

x
0
1

y
0
1

0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

XR

XA

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

XD
r
X n+1 +
r +1
r +1
1 . 365
0 . 764
Y=
X+
1 . 365+ 1
1 .365+1

XA
q
y=
X
q1
q1
0. 5
0. 28125
y=
X
0. 51
0. 51

Yn=

Y =0. 562 X

Y =0 . 577 X +0. 323

x
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5

y
0.462
0.362
0.262
0.162
0.062

x
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1

y
0.323
0.3807
0.4384
0.4961
0.5538
0.6115
0.6692
0.7269
0.7846
0.8423
0.9

0.6

NET = 10 (9 platos + caldera)

Siendo el 8 plato empezando por la cabeza en el que debe entrar la corriente del alimento.

n=

ET

N ER 1

100

0 . 8=

Es decir 13 Platos tericos (12 platos + caldera)

10 1
101
N ET =1+
=13
N ER 1
8

calculando el area

1/(y-x)

12.0000
10.0000
8.0000

f(x) = 1.1841523832 x^-0.4323420174

R = 0.8569967368

6.0000
4.0000
2.0000
0.0000
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

egral casi coinciden por lo tanto este es el valor buscado es decir la composicion del liquido residual

istema de equilibrio etanol-agua

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

XD

0.7

0.8

0.9

a corriente del alimento.

=1+

101
=13
8