From:

JohnLestingi,ShannonGray,KatarinaBook
To:

RonaldRochonPh.D
Date:
December8th,2015
Subject:

FeasibilityofConvertingOrrCenterClassroomsintoaStudySpaceforStudents

SUMMARY

WehaveinvestigatedthefeasibilityofconvertingaRobertD.OrrCenterclassroominto
astudyloungeandcomputerlabequippedwithablackandwhiteprintingstationforstudentuse.
TheOrrCenteristheonlydepartmentbuildingoncampusthatdoesnotcontainacomputerlab
orprintingstationthatcanbeaccessedfreelybystudents.WhiletheOrrCenterdoescontain
fourteachinglabs,theyareforclassroomuseonlyandarebeingsharedbytheentireEnglish
department.

Weconstructedasurveythatindicatesthereisasignificantneedforastudyareaand
computerlabintheOrrCenter.ThisbuildingisamajorhubonUSIscampus,andthese
renovationswouldgreatlybenefitnotonlyEnglishmajorsbutallstudentsthatfrequentthe
building.
Theproposedprojectwouldalsofurthertheuniversityseffortstoupgradeandimprove
itscampuswhilefurtheringitsvision:
Shapingthefuturethroughlearningandinnovation.

Werecommendtheuniversityfundoneoftwoproposedalternativestocreateastudy
area,computerlab,andprintingstationforstudentuse:theconversionofOrrCenterroom2008,
2018,2025,or2036,ortheunificationofrooms2020and2024.

TABLEOFCONTENTS

1.

Introduction

39

OpenComputerLabs

OrrCenterComputerLabs

OrrCenterStudyAreas

79

2.

Statistics

1017

3.

Alternatives

1820

RecommendedClassrooms
4.

CriteriaandMethod
PossibleClassroomLayouts

1920
2125
2425

5.

EvaluationofSolutions

2628

6.

ConclusionsandRecommendations

29

7.

Sources

30

INTRODUCTION

TheRobertD.OrrCenteropenedin1990forclassroomuseaswellasanofficebuilding
fortheuniversity.Nearlyfiveyearsagoin2011theEnglishDepartmentoutgrewitsprevious
homeintheLiberalArtsbuildingandwasmovedtoitspresentlocationintheOrrCenter.
Currently,thesecondflooristheonlyfloordesignedforclassroomuse,whilefacultyoffices
takeupthethirdfloor,andthefirstfloorhousesmanystudentservicedepartments,asdoesthe
th
lowerlevel(50
AnniversaryTimelineChristian).

TheUniversityofSouthernIndianahasanintensiveEnglishprogramthatprovidesa
disciplinarystudyforstudentstounderstandcommunicationandcollaboration.Asitsmotto
says,theUniversityaimstocommunicateeffectively,thinkcreatively,andlivewiselyina
diverseworld.Thisprogramensuresstudentsauniversaleducationtounderstandthebasisof
manymajorsofferedbythedifferentcollegesoncampus.TheOrrCenterspecificallyisthe
homeformostofthesedisciplinaryclasses,forbothEnglishandnonEnglishmajorsalike.

Effectivecommunicationandcreativeenvironmentsarentjustapartoftheuniversitys
motto,theyarequalitiesthatareproventoenhancemanyelementsofacademicsuccess.In2010,
TheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyincorporatedaTechnologyEnabledActiveLearning
Project(TEALProject).Thisprojectemployedsoftwarebasedsimulationsandvisualisationsin
anactivelearningenvironmentdesignedtofacilitatestudentsinteractionandproblemsolvingfor
firstyearphysicsstudents(Brooks1).Thepurposeofthisprojectwastostudytheeffectsof
studentcollaborationinagroupworkingenvironmentbyplacingroundtables,laptop
connections,displayscreens,andmarkerboardsaroundthecircumferenceontheroom.Students
maintainedalowerfailureratethroughacollaborativeenvironmentasopposedtoatraditional
one.TheUniversityofSouthernIndianaprovidesmanycollaborativeworkspacesinvarious
colleges,butnotintheEnglishdepartment.

EachcollegeontheUniversityofSouthernIndianascampushasprovidedstudentswith
afullyaccessiblecomputerlabwiththeexceptionoftheRobertD.OrrCenter.Englishstudents
andotherswhotakecoursesinthebuildinghaverestrictedaccesstoaworkingspace.Currently,
studentscanonlyaccessOrrCenterteachinglabswiththepermissionofafacultymemberora
professor.TheselabsusuallyholdclassmeetingsandextraspaceonlyforEnglishstudents
attendingclass.Theareasinwhichstudentscanworkoutsideofthelabsarecongestedand
minimal.StudentsoftengotootherdepartmentbuildingsortheRiceLibrarytoworkon

assignmentsbecauseofthelackofanopencomputerlabandtheminimalstudyspacetheOrr
Centerprovides.

TheUniversityofSouthernIndiana,specificallytheOrrCenter,havecontinuedto
innovateandimprovetheoveralllookandfeeloftheuniversity.Classroomshaverecentlybeen
remodeled,newchairshavereplacedtheoldones,wallshavebeenrepainted,andmore
innovationsaretakingplacetocontinueimprovingtheuniversity.Creatingastudyspaceinthe
OrrCenterwouldfurtherthisimprovement.

Theobvioussolutionwouldseemtobetoconvertanexistingcomputerlabintothe
neededstudyspace.TheproblemwiththissolutionisthatEnglishprofessorsarealreadysharing
onlyfourteachinglabs.Professorsarecurrentlypushingformoreteachinglabs,sotakingone
fromthemwouldonlycreatemoreproblems.Oneofthelabs,OC2040,hasonlyrecentlybeen
addedtotheEnglishdepartmentsdisposal.Itbelongedtotheartdepartmentpriortotheend
of2015.

Wehaveinvestigatedtwopotentialactionstoremedytheidentifiedproblem.Thefirst
actionistoconvertoneoffourchosenrooms,OC2008,OC2018,OC2025,orOC2036,intoa
combinedstudyareaandcomputerlab.Thesecondactionistoremovepartofthewalldividing
OC2020andOC2024tocreateonelargerstudyspace.Halfofthisspacewouldbeusedasa
computerlabandprintingstationwhiletheotherhalfwouldbemadeintoastudyspace.No
crucialremodelingwouldhavetotakeplace,unlessthesmallroomsOC2020andOC2024
wouldbestservecombinedasthestudyspace.Computers,
a dditionalelectricalpowerandnetwork
datadrops
,
seating,printingservices,andmorewouldneedtobeaddedtotheroominorderto
createastudentworkarea.

BycreatingandgrantingstudentsaccesstoastudyspaceintheOrrCenter,studentswill
haveanavailableworkspacewheretheycanworkindividuallyandcollaboratively.Thisgives
Englishstudentsanextraareatowork,aswellasunderclassmenaplacetocollaborate.Withthe
installationsofaworkingprintingstation,studentscanprintwithfundsplacedontheirEagle
Accesscards.Thiswillprovidethedevelopingbuildingextrafundsinordertoreapastheywish.
Openingalabwouldbemutuallybeneficialtobothstudentsandfaculty.

Figure1
UniversityofSouthernIndiana
Thereddotspinpointwheretheopencomputerlabsoncampusare
locatedincomparisontotheOrrCenter(highlightedinblue).

Figure2
RobertD.OrrCenter,SecondFloor
OutlinedinredaretheonlyteachingcomputerlabsintheOrrCenter.

Figure3
RobertD.OrrCenter,FirstFloor
Theredrectanglesdisplaywherecurrentseatingisavailableforstudent
use.Manystudentsdonotusethisareabecauseofitsproximityto
buildingentrances,theStudentsAdmissionsOfficewherecampustours
originate,andtheStudentFinancialAssistanceOffice.Theareaisoften
noisyandisnotequippedtobeaneffectivestudyenvironment.

Figure4
RobertD.OrrCenter,SecondFloor
Theredrectanglesandcirclesdisplaywherecurrentseatingisavailable
forstudentuse.Studentsoftenwaitinthisareafortheirclassestobegin
butmanycannotworkorstudyherebecauseitisacentralizedareawhere
noiseandtrafficishigh.

Figure5
RobertD.OrrCenter,ThirdFloor

Thestudyareaavailableonthethirdfloorislimitedjustasitiswith
thetwolevelsbeneath.Thisareareceiveslesstrafficsincethereareno
classroomsonthislevel,butprofessorsofficesandothermajoroffices
arelocatedinacloseproximitytotheavailablestudyareas.Students
eitherdonotknowthisstudyspaceexistsfortheiruseortheydonot
wanttogouptothethirdfloorwherealloftheirprofessorsare.

10

STATISTICS

InordertogaugetheneedforastudyspaceintheOrrCenterratherthanjustrelyingon
qualitativeresearch,ourteamdevisedasurveyanddistributedittostudents.Twentyeight
participated.Thefollowingpagesdetailourfindings.

Figure6
ThesurveywasdistributedtobothEnglishandnonEnglishmajorstudentssince
everyonehastotakeatleastoneEnglishcourseatsomepointintheircollege
career.Asdetailedabove,themajorityofparticipantswereeitherEnglishmajors
orminors,butalargeportionwerealsononEnglishstudents.Theremaining
resultsdemonstratethatevennonEnglishstudentshaveaninterestintheOrr
Centercreatinganopencomputerlab,printingstation,andworkarea.

11

Figure7
Themajorityofstudents(60.7%)spendatleastsevenhoursintheOrrCenter
perweek.Thisincludesthetimestudentsareinclass.Thepercentagesof
spending1318and19+hoursintheOrrCenterwouldbegreateriftherewere
sufficientareasforstudentstostudy,dohomework,andhangout.

12

Figure8
Inadditiontoenteringtheirresponsestothisquestion,participantsweregiven
theopportunitytoexplainwhyorwhynot.Thesearesomeoftheiranswers:

Theresnowheretohangout.Anditisveryloudsometimes.

Nospacetosit.

Ihangoutbeforeclassquiteabitandfinishuphomeworkorread.

IdonothaveclassesintheOrrCenter,andthereisnotalottodothere
otherthangotoclassorvisitanofficelocatedthere.

13

Figure9
Nearlyallparticipantsutilizecomputersoncampus.Themajorityspendat
leastfourhoursperweekoncampuscomputers,whichcanincludethetime
spentinclass.Nevertheless,anyextrahourastudentspendsoncomputers
cannottakeplaceintheOrrCenter.Withoutanyopencomputerlabsinthe
building,studentsareforcedtofindotherlabsandcomputerstoworkon.

14

Figure10
ThevastmajorityofparticipantsagreethattheywouldbenefitfromtheOrr
Centerhavinganopencomputerlab.

15

Figure11
71.4%ofparticipantsusethepaidprintingservicesoncampusatleastsome
times.TheseservicesarenotavailableintheOrrCenter,sostudentshaveto
goelsewheretoprinttheirwork.

16

Figure12
Over85%ofparticipantsagreedthattheywouldbenefitfromhavingaprinting
stationintheOrrCenter.Onestudentmentionedinthecommentssectionatthe
endofthesurvey:Ithinkalotofpeoplewouldbenefitfromaprintingstationin
theOrrCenter.AlotofpeoplecutthroughtheOrrCenteraftergettingoffthebus
onthewaytotheForumortheScienceCenter.Itwouldbeaquickstoptoprint
somethingoffbeforegoingtoclassintheScienceCenter,Forum,etc.orinthe
OrrCenter.Imsurprisedthereisntonealready.

17

Figure13
Alongwithanopencomputerlabandaprintingstation,theparticipantsagreed
theywouldbenefitfromanaddedstudy/workareaaswell.
Figures2,3,
and
4
highlightthecurrentseatingavailableforstudentuseandhowcongestedthose
areasare.TherearenosecludedstudyareasforstudentuseintheOrrCenter.

18

ALTERNATIVES

FirstAlternative:

TocreateastudentworkareaintheOrrCenterwithoutexpandingthebuilding,an
existingclassroomwouldneedtobeconverted.ThefirstproposedalternativeistoconvertOrr
Centerroom2008,2018,2025,or2036(see
Figure14
)intoadualstudyroomandcomputerlab
withaprintingstation.Halfofthechosenclassroomwillhousetheopencomputerlab,andthe
remainingspacewillserveasaworkandstudyareawithtablesandchairswherestudentscan
collaborateandcompleteassignments.Thenewlyrenovatedroomwouldresemblethelanguage
labthatislocatedinthebasementoftheLiberalArtsbuilding.

SecondAlternative:

ThesecondproposedalternativewouldbetocombineandconvertOrrCenterrooms
2020and2024(see
Figure15
)intoalinkedstudyloungeandcomputerlabwithprintingaccess.
Removingpartofthecenterwallthatdividesthetworoomswillgivestudentsaneasily
accessiblestudyroomaswellasanoveralllargerworkspacetocollaborateincomparedtothe
firstalternative.Halfofthisjointareawillbedevotedtoindividualandgroupstudyspace,while
theotherhalfwillcontaincomputersandthepaytoprintstation.Additionally,ifthefundsare
availabletosupportit,aglasspaneleddividerwallcouldbeinstalledwherethecenterwallis
currentlylocatedtopartiallyseparatethestudyareafromthecomputerlabarea.

19

Figure14
RobertD.OrrCenter,SecondFloorFirstAlternativeLocations
Outlinedinredarethefourclassrooms(OC2008,2018,2025,and2036)
thatwillpotentiallybethedualstudyroomandcomputerlab.These
roomswerechosenbasedondimensions,squarefootage,existing
electricalanddatacapacity,aswellaslocationwithintheOrrCenter.

20

Figure15
RobertD.OrrCenter,SecondFloorSecondAlternativeLocations
Outlinedinredarethesmallclassrooms(OC2020andOC2024)
thatcouldbecombinedtoserveastheneededstudyarea.Theserooms
werechosenfortheirmirrored,neighboringlayoutsthatbestfitthegoalof
anintegratedstudentcenterthatislinkedyetseparated.

21

CRITERIAANDMETHOD

Inordertocomeupwithourevaluationcriteriaandobtaintheinformationnecessaryto
accuratelydevelopourmethods,wereachedouttoUSIfacultymemberJuzarAhmed.Mr.
AhmedistheAcademicServiceCoordinatorintheuniversitysInformationTechnology
Departmentandisinchargeofallacademicservicedevelopment,renovation,andupgradesfor
USI.ItwasthroughourcommunicationwithMr.Ahmedthatwecreatedanoutlineofcostsand
servicesrequiredfortheproposedrenovationsaswellasgainedanunderstandingofthesteps
neededtocompletesuchrenovations.

FirstAlternative:

Thefirststeptothisalternativeisevaluatingtheroomsnetworkdatadropcapacityand
electricalpower.Ifthereisnotasufficientlevelofeithertosupporttheinstallationofthe
computersandmonitors,theprintingstation,andotherminorelectricoutput,itwillneedto
beinstalled.

ApproximatelyfifteentotwentyDellorAppleiMaccomputerswillbeaddedtothe
computerlabhalfoftheroom.Thiscouldrangeinpricefrom$15,000forfifteenDelldesktops
upto$40,000fortwentyAppleiMaccomputers.TomatchtheOrrCentersnearlyexclusiveuse
ofDellcomputers,theexpensesforthisportionofrenovationwouldmostaccuratelybebetween
$15,000to$20,000.

ShortertablessuchastheonesintheRiceLibrarycomputerlabscouldbeusedand
placedtogethertoserveasdeskspace.Asimilarmodeloftablestothoseusedinthelibrary
computerlabs,whichincludepoweroutlets,costbetween$1,400and$1,500accordingtothe
companyspricelistcatalogue,andcanholdonetotwocomputers.Fortheproposedrenovation,
thestudyspacewouldneedfromasfewaseighttoasmanyastwentyofthesetablesystems
dependingonthespacegivenbetweeneachcomputer,costingbetween$11,200and$30,000for
desks.Thesecostscouldbecutsignificantly,though,bychoosingamorebasicdeskalternative
andalsobyutilizingunusedfurniturealreadylocatedoncampus.

Steelcasebrandchairslikethosefoundinthelibrarycomputerlabscost$826according
totheNewJerseyDepartmentofTreasuryspricelistofSteelcaseseating.Thecosttofurnishthe

22

studyareawiththesechairswouldbebetween$12,390and$16,520.Thisexpensecouldbe
eliminatedentirely,however,byreusingthechairsthatarecurrentlyintheclassroom.

Ablackandwhitepayforprintsystemmustalsobeinstalled.WhileMr.Ahmed
estimatedthatthisportionoftheconversionwouldcostaround$500,thepaytoprintservices
willreimbursetheschoolwhentakingintoaccountthemoneyearnedthroughprinting
transactions.Studentswillbechargedtencentsperpaperastheyarealreadychargedatother
printingstationsacrosscampus.Theprintingof5,000sheetsofpaperwillpayoffthecostofthe
printeritself,averagingouttoonlyfourteenpagesperdayinordertohavetheprinterpaidoffin
ayear.Suppliessuchastonerandpaperwillbeorderedforthenewsystemandwillcontinually
bereplenishedafterthelabscompletion.Overtime,thesecostswillalsobereimbursedbythe
profitoftheprintingservice.

Addingsoftwareisthenextstep.Thecomputersneedtohavealloftheessentialfeatures
includingMicrosoftOfficeandaccesstotheinternet.Whiletheuniversityhasitsownmeansof
obtainingMicrosoftOfficesoftwareatadiscountedrate,wereferredtoMicrosoftswebsitefora
generalpricerangeoninstallingthesoftwaretomultiplecomputers.Asubscriptionforupto5
computerscomesouttobe$100peryear,or$8.33permonth,sothesoftwareexpensesforthe
proposedcomputerlabwouldrangefrom$300$400peryear.Certainprotectionand
maintenancefeatureswillalsobeinstalled.

Seatingwillthenbeaddedtotheremaininghalfoftheroom.Becausetheuniversityhas
recentlyaddednewfurnituretotheOrrCenterclassroomswehavenominatedforrevision,
additionaltablesandchairswouldnotneedtobepurchased.

Oncethemaininstallationsareadded,smallerimplicationsintheprocessofinstallingthe
newworkroomwillneedtobeincluded.Thelockonthedoorwillneedtobechanged,so
studentscanaccesstheroomwiththeirstudentIDs.Dependingonthechosenroom,lightingwill
bereplacedormultiplied.Asecuritycamerawillbeaddedtotheroomaswelltomonitorthelab
andstudyareas.

Finally,studentworkerswillbehiredaslabmonitors.Mostlabsoncampusareopen
from8:00am9:00pmMondaythroughThursdayand8:00am4:30pmonFriday,whilestaying
closedonSaturdayandSunday.MatchingthosehourswouldmeanthattheOrrCentercomputer
labwouldneedalabmonitorforatotalof60.5hoursperweekoraround240hourspermonth.
Withawageof$7.25perhour,themonthlycostofemployinglabmonitorsfallsaround$1,740.

23

SecondAlternative:

Alloftheexpensesofthefirstalternativeapplytothesecondaswell.Theadditional
expensetothissolutionisthatthewallseparatingOC2020andOC2024willhavetobe
breached.Asmallsectionofthewallwouldberemoved,appearingasasortofdoorway,ora
largeareamightbeknockeddowntoconnecttheroomsfurther.Theopeningcouldremain
empty,allowingstudentstomovefreelyfromonesideoftheroomtotheother,oraglassbarrier
withadoorcouldbeaddedtoconnecttheroomswhilesimultaneouslyprovidingseclusion.This
additionwouldgivestudentsinthelabareatheopportunitytocompleteassignmentswithfewer
interruptions.Sincethiscombinedroomwillprovidemorestudyspacethananyoneindividual
room,additionalcushionedfurniturelikethatfoundoutsideoftheOrrCenterssecondfloor
elevatordoorscouldbeadded.

Researchonsimilarprojectsgaveusapointofreferenceoffofwhichwedeterminedthe
expensestobefrom$2,500to$3,000toremovethewallandaround$1,800fortheglasspanel
dividerwall.

24

Figure16
ThisdiagramisonepossiblewayinwhichtheconvertedclassroomsOC
2020andOC2024couldlookaftercompletion.Fifteencomputerswillbe
placedalongtheeastern,western,andsouthernwallsontherightsideof
studyroom.Thelabmonitorsdeskwillbeplacedparallelofthesouthern
wallfacingthecomputers.Thepaidprintingstationwillbeinstalled
towardsthenorthwestendoftherightsectionoftheroom.Iftheglass
barrierischosentobeinstalled,itwillseparatethetwosections.
Intheleftsectionofthestudyroom,alargersquaretablewillbeplaced
withinthetopthirdofthenorthernsection.Thetablewillbeaccompanied
bythesurrounding8chairs.Paralleltothelargertable,thesmallertablewill
beplaceddirectlybelowinthesouthernhalfoftheroom.Theothertables
willbeplacedperpendicularinthesouthwesternandsoutheasternsections.
Alongthewesternwalloftheleftsection,independentchairswillbeplaced
accompaniedbyendtables.Thelayoutoftheleftsectionismeanttomirror
thearrangementoftheDavidL.RiceLibrarystudyspaces.

25

Figure17
ThisdiagramisonepossiblewayinwhichtheconvertedclassroomOC
2008,2018,2025,or2036couldlookaftercompletion.Twentycomputers
willbeplacedalongthreerowslocatedononesideoftheroom.Thelab
monitorsdeskwillbeplacedfrontoftheroomalongwiththeprinting
station.Thesecondhalfofthestudyroomwillfeaturesixstudytablesfor
studentuse.Thetableswillbeaccompaniedbythesurrounding4chairs.

26

EVALUATIONOFSOLUTIONS

Inordertoeffectivelyevaluateeachoftheprojectsmentionedanddeterminethe
feasibilityofthisproposal,wehavecreatedtablesdevotedspecificallytothepossibleexpenses.

Itemsmarkedwithasterisksindicateexpensesestimatedandaveragedviaexternalsourcesand
arenotfiguresgivenbytheuniversityoritsfaculty.

Table1
Expensesdependantonthenumberofcomputersinstalled

15Computers

20Computers

DellDesktops

$15,000

$20,000

AppleiMacDesktops

$30,000

$40,000

KITableSystems*

$21,000$22,500

$28,000$30,000

GenericDesks*

$1,600

$3,000

SteelcaseDeskChairs*

$12,390

$16,520

GenericChairs*

$1,125

$1,500

Software*

$300/year

$400/year

TotalInitialCost

$
18,125
$
65,190

$
24,900
$
86,920

27

Table2
Expensesrequiredforbothprojects

BlackandWhitePrinter

$500

PrintingSupplies*

$300/month

PaytoPrintComputer

$1,000

LabMonitorSalary

$1,740/month

MaintenanceFees*

$200/month

KeycardLocks*

$400

StudyTablesandChairs*

$0$3,150

SecurityCamera*

$150

AdditionalLighting*

$400

TotalInitialCost

$
4,690
$
7,840

Table3
AdditionalexpensesforSecondAlternative

WallRemoval*

$2,500$3,000

GlassPanelWall*

$1,800

TotalAdditionalCosts

$
4,300
$
4,800

28

Table4
RecurringFees

Software*

$25$34/month

PrintingSupplies*

$300/month

LabMonitorSalary

$1,740/month

MaintenanceFees*

$200/month

TotalMonthlyExpenses

$
2,265
$
2,274

Ontopoftheseexpenseswouldbethecostoflaborhiredtoconverteitheralternative
intotheneededstudyspaceaswellasadditionalnetworkdatadropsandelectricalpower
capacitiesiftheselectedroomdoesnothavethesufficientamount.Thetotalcostof
implementingoneofthealternativescanrangefromaround$25,000toasmuchas$105,000,
whichdoesnotincludetheexpenseofhiredlaborandonlyincludesonemonthofeachrecurring
cost.Manyoftheseestimatedcostsdonottakeintoconsiderationongoingdealsandagreements
theuniversitymayormaynothavewithcompanies.

Despiteexpenses,theuniversitywillreapaprofitfromprintingandcontinueinnovating
theschool.Addingastudyareawillbeavaluableadditiontothebuildingforbothstudentsand
faculty.StudentswillhaveamuchneededEnglishcollaborationlabinordertoworktogetheron
projectsandimplementideas,andfacultywillhavethesatisfactionofknowingEnglishstudents
willbeabletocommunicatebetterwitheachotherandhavealocationwheretheycancomplete
assignments.

29

CONCLUSIONSANDRECOMMENDATIONS

Inordertospendtheleastamountofmoneypossible,werecommendpurchasingDell
computersandutilizingunusedfurnitureandtablesalreadyownedbytheuniversity.Tablesand
chairslocatedintheclassroom(s)priortoconversionwouldeasilyserveastheneededfurniture.
Iftheyareevendeemedsturdyenoughtosupportcomputers,thetablescouldbeutilizedforthe
labportionofthestudyroomaswell.

Inconclusion,theimplicationofoneofthealternativeswillenhancetheuniversity.With
theaddedstudyspace,studentswillhaveacomfortableplacetocollaboratewithotherstudents
andanareatocompleteandprintcomputerbasedassignments.Studentsandfaculty,alongwith
theuniversity,willgreatlybenefitfromthisaddition.Choosingeithersolutiontotheproblems
indicatedatthebeginningofthisreportwillyieldthesameresultsregardlessofspace.TheOrr
centerisavery

30

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"50thAnniversaryTimeline."UniversityofSouthernIndiana.UniversityofSouthernIndiana,
n.d.Web.01Dec.2015.
Ahmed,Juzar."ClassroomConversionCostsandInformation."MessagetoShannonE.Gray.30
Nov.2015.Email.
Christian,Rachel."OrrCentertoGetMakeover."TheShield.UniversityofSouthernIndiana,24
Apr.2014.Web.01Dec.2015.
KIFurnishing.PoweredTablesPriceList.GreenBay:KruegerInternationalFurnishing,2015.
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StateofNewJerseyDepartmentoftheTreasury.
SteelcaseSeatingPricelistSpecificationGuide
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Trenton:StateofNewJerseyDepartmentoftheTreasury,2008.Print.