Sie sind auf Seite 1von 5

Vibe Productions: Understanding the creative media sector

LO2: Understand the legal and ethical constraints


LO3: Understand the regulation of the media sector

Understand the ethical and legal constraints with in the media sector
1.

In order to get the job you are required to understand the following within the media sector your have
chosen. During the interview you will be asked to hand over a written document containing information on
the following aspects of your area.

Video recording act

Or equivalent legislation to your chosen sector.

In January 2010 a new Video Recording Act came into force (original was
created in 1984). The VRA act was created so that videos have to be (by law)
rated within the categories of U,PG,12A,12,15,18, cut or banned/not allowed to
be viewed. It also made distribution of unrated films illegal and watching a
film over your age rating illegal. The only time a film does not need to be rated
is if it is designed to inform, educate or instructive or are concerned with sport,
religion or music. Qualifying elements that go into age ratings are: strong
language, activities involving or implying drug usage and violence. If you want
a full list you can see it in the picture below.

This image was found at the website: http://www.bbfc.co.uk/educationresources/student-guide/legislation/video-recordings-act


Copy Right law

Why is it important within your industry

Copyright is important within the TV industry as it stops content being stolen


by other people. An example of this could be if someone created a song and
then someone used it in their video, firstly the song may then be associated
with something the creator doesnt want or simply does not want anyone else to
profit from their song. Copyright law allows creators to be safe when creating
content and stops people taking credit/money, for others hard work.
What is its purpose?

Copyright gives the creator some type of media rights to control how their
work is used and/or distributed. The things that can be copyrighted are music,
books, videos and software.
When you buy something that is copyrighted, copyright law forbids that you:

Give a copy to a friend


Make a copy and then selling it
Renting something such as software
that is copyrighted without the
permission of the copyright holder
Using something such as music in
your own work e.g. a video

The law that governs copyright in the UK is called Copyright, Deigns and
Patents Act 1988.
Source:
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/ict/legal/2copyrightrev1.shtml
Who does it protect?
Copyright protects original works of things such as music, videos, books,
artistic works, movies and many other things. It protects everyone with
original work small or big.
What happens if it is broken?

If you use someones copyrighted work, you can receive an email or letter form
the creator to remove their content from your website, if it is on YouTube they
can take your ad revenue for the video with their content on it. Another thing
that could happen is that your video, website etc could be taken down. You
could also face penalties of more than 100,000 for each infringed work.
Furthermore you could go to jail, the punishment really depends on what type
of infringement it is.
Find examples of when it has been broken and outcome
One example was when Russian films from the Soviet were being sold on
iTunes when the original creators did not give Apply permission to do so. The
result was that iTunes took down the videos.
Another example was when a pub landlord showed a Premier League game to
everyone in the pub using a foreign satellite card authorised only for private
use. The outcome was that he had to pay 65,000 in legal costs.
Another example was when Google published links to a Belgium newspaper
without permission. The outcome was that Google was fined 25,000 for
breaking Belgian copyright law for every day since an initial ruling in
September. This equalled to a total fine amount of 3.45 million.
What is the Films Act?

Importance of ethical issues

Or equivalent legislation to your chosen sector.


The film act was introduced in 1927 to bring a required quota for British films,
for 10 years. The act meant that film must be made by British or British
controlled company. Studio scenes must be photographed in a film studio in
British owned land. Also 75% of salaries must be paid to British subjects. This
act was done because in 1927 Hollywood was taking over the British film
industry and they feared that the British film industry may die out. This act
meant that the British film industry kept making films.
Why is it relevant to the film industry?
The film act was relevant to the industry because it stopped the domination of
American films This act has helped the British film industry become larger and
is now more popular, able to contend with American films. This however
means that the act is no longer needed, now that more countries have
independent film production the act should no longer be used.
Does it help or hinder the industry?
I believe that at the time it was created it helped the British film industry as it
allowed it to grow and now contend with Hollywood films. It has made the film
industry more diverse. However I believe that at this current time it is
hindering the film industry as British film companies cannot vertically integrate
with any film companies outside of Britain.
Use of language
When producers create a movie they need to be careful with the language
they use. If a producer is aiming to show his movie to a young audience
then he needs to be careful with the language that he uses. If a movie has
swearing in it then it wont be able to be rated for a young audience.
Producers also need to be careful that they dont offend their viewers
through blasphemous language or other such language created offence.
Furthermore a producer needs to be careful with the language they link to a
character as it could be seen as racist or something similar.
Equal opportunities

In the film industry there needs to be equal


opportunities for all types of people. Some people say
that there is not enough disabled actors in film.
However equal opportunities are not always available in
the film industry. This is because it requires a lot of
money to create a film, so some minorities that may not
have enough money due to the place they came from.
This is recognised and that is why the BFL and the BBC
offer fundraising for small film directors to be able to
create films. This helps create more opportunities for everyone who wants
to get into the film industry.
Encouraging diversity
In 2012 just 5.3% of the film production workforce, 3.4% of the film
distribution workforce and 4.5% of the film exhibition workforce were from
Black, Asian and minority ethnic backgrounds. Furthermore often in the film
industry minority groups are forced into sections, an example of this is that
a majority of Asian producers go onto film Bollywood movies and it is very
difficult for them to create more mainstream films. It is important to
encourage diversity in the film industry, this is often done by having a mix
of different types of people in the making of a film. This is something a
director has to think about as if they are seen as not encouraging diversity
it can damage their reputation. However some directors do not encourage
diversity. Another way in which diversity is being encouraged is in the films
themselves, many films portray diversity in a good way. If a film does not do
this they can become controversial and receive a lot of hate.
Source: http://www.bfi.org.uk/about-bfi/policy-strategy/diversity
What ethical issues should be considered when producing media in your
chosen industry?
When creating a movie a director needs to think about if the content within
it goes with the age they are hoping to appeal to. An example would be if
there was scenes of gore in a childrens movie. For one the movie would
not get the age rating that would allow them to target the audience they
want to. It would also create a lot of issues with parents as gore is not
something this society believes is right for children to see. Movies also have
to be careful that they do not make fun of religion or ethnic groups as that
can also create a lot of controversy and hate. However some movies use
these ethical issues in their favour as the controversy brings publicity to the
film.

Representation of gender

How are men and women represented in your chosen industry?


In terms of directors men and women are quiet equal, with almost 50% of
the directors of 2015 being female. However in film females are still shown
as a sexual object. This can be seen as 26.2% of female actors were shown
partially naked while men actors are only 9.4%. Also around a third of
women were shown sexually revealing attire or partially naked. Some
people argue this is because majority of cinema goers are male however it
is a 50-50 split. This means that woman are still shown as an objects. This is
further shown as in a majority of action movies the main character is
usually male with a female companion that is portrayed as week and needs
saving. This shows that the film industry is still stuck in the past showing
that men are dominant to females. This is problem as it can influence young
minds that watch a lot of films and give them a fake belief on what the
world is like.
https://www.nyfa.edu/film-school-blog/gender-inequality-in-film/
Are they seen as strong or weak etc.?
Females in a lot films (especially action films) are shown as weak and the
ones who needs saving. Some movies that represent females like this are
The Equalizer, James Bond and other such action movies. In these films
females are often shown as someone needing saving, this shows us that in
many films females are shown as weak. However there are exceptions such
as Edge of Tomorrow. Although the majority of action movies show
woman as weak. However this is not the same for such movie genres as
Romantic Comedies. In these films the majority of women are the strong
ones and the men are usually the bumbling idiots. However this could be a
negative for woman as it shows that they are portrayed as a sex object in
movies. Women outside of the film itself but are still in the industry are
often treated as weak. An example of this comes from Lexi Alexander, a
female director who in the past has been denied to be a producer because
the film was about boxing and another time because the male lead didnt
want a female director. Agnes Godard, who is a cinematographer, says that
often people will refuse to listen, or do what she says because she is a
female. This shows that in the movie industry sexism is quite strong and
therefore often portrays woman as weak.

Source:
http://www.theguardian.com/film/2015/sep/27/sexismfilm-industry-stories

Representation of religious beliefs

How should men and women be


represented?
Does your chosen industry represent
people fairly?

2.

Supported with examples


In the above section
In the film industry certain religious groups are
portrayed negatively. An example of this is Indian Jones and the Temple of
Doom. In this movie Hindus are shown as the villains as they attack Indian
Jones. This is bad because for people watching the video it can manipulate
them to believe that this religious group really is evil. It can also be
negative for the directors as it can lead to certain religious groups
boycotting their film as it is seen as offensive to them. Another example is
the majority of modern day war movies e.g. Hurt Locker, Green Zone. These
types of movies all show Muslims as the evil enemies, this has led to a lot of
discrimination to this religious groups in places like America and Britain.
Men and women in film should be represented equally. Both should be given
equal opportunity and neither should be discriminated against for their
gender. On films I feel that it is ok for women to be shown as weak as long
as it not on all the movies, there should be a mix of roles.
The film industry does not represent people fairly, this can be seen in the
way that many religious groups are shown as villains, women shown as
weak in action movies and sex figures in other movies. Both off and on
screen women are not treated equal to men. With many women not being
listened to or not allowed to direct because a male lead doesnt want a
female director. Furthermore ethnic minorities find it hard to get anywhere
in the film industry due to the place they came from. On screen it is also
rarer to see an ethnic minority with a lead role. All this shows how the film
industry does not represent people fairly.

Explain what the following bodies do and why they are important (choose the ones related to your
media sector only)

Do not just cut and paste their about us page please read it and put it into your own words.
Add links to their pages
Distinction grade learners will find cases

British Board of Film Classification

Film Distributors Association,

British Academy of Film and Television Arts (BAFTA),

Television, Radio and Telecommunications Office for Communication (Ofcom)

Advertising Standards Authority (ASA),

The Independent Games Developers Association (IGDA),

British Web Design and Marketing Association

British Interactive Multimedia Association (BIMA)

Press Complaints Commission (PCC),

3.

Then discuss the issues that these regulatory bodies may face with regard to

Consumer choice

Freedom of information

Censorship

Taste and decency

Deadline: Week starting 14th December 2015

Das könnte Ihnen auch gefallen