SQ3R Worksheet

Activity 3

INSTRUCTIONS:
Apply the SQ3R reading method to a chapter from one of your textbooks. Read
through this entire worksheet before proceeding so that you can select a chapter of
reading that will work with this exercise. The chapter will need to have at least 5
headings.
The 5 steps of the SQ3R method are :
I.
SURVEY:
Briefly preview the chapter.
II.
QUESTION: Formulate questions to answer while reading.
III.
READ:
Read the chapter carefully to find meaning and answers.
IV.
RECITE:
Recite major concepts at appropriate intervals.
V.
REVIEW:
Review chapter at periodic intervals to refresh memory.
I.

SURVEY:
A.

B.

Take 5 minutes to preview the chapter:

1.

Check headings and subheadings.

2.

Inspect graphs, maps, tables, diagrams, pictures, etc.

Answer the following:

1.

Title of selected chapter:

Water and Minerals

2.

Number of pages:
45

3.

Estimated time needed to read chapter:

2.5 hrs

4.

List the first five major headings in the chapter:

a.
Water
b.
An Overview of Minerals
c.
Electrolytes: Sodium, Potassium, and Chloride
d.
Major Minerals and Bone Health
e.
Trace Minerals

5.

Is there a summary at the end of the chapter?

Yes
6.

How are important words highlighted?

Bold or green

7.

Are there footnotes or endnotes for this chapter?

No

8.

Are there problems / questions for the chapter?

Yes

9.

What kinds of visual aids are found in the chapter?

Pictures, Diagrams, Maps

10.

Choose one visual aid and study it for 2 minutes. What did you

learn?
Iodine Deficiency: I learned that with iodine deficiency one could
have thyroid problems such as goiter and cretinism. These
problems are located mostly in other countries because of lack or
resources or belief that they dont need iodine.

The QUESTION-READ-RECITE steps work best if all three steps are applied to a
section (i.e. heading) before going on to a new part of the chapter. Below you will
be asked to formulate questions from headings, read the text and write answers to
these questions, and then recite these answers. You should do all 3 steps
(Question, Read, Recite) for a heading before proceeding to the next heading.
When you are finished you should have a minimum of 5 questions with their
respective answers.
II.

QUESTION:
With each heading formulate at least one question that can be answered by
the text. Write these questions in the margin of the book or in your reading
notes. Copy these questions in a word document or scan the text
pages read and attach them with this assignment.
A. Where is water found in the body?
B. What minerals are found in our foods?
C. What are the functions of electrolytes in the body?
D. How does bone health affect the body?

E. Why is iron so important in a diet?

III.

READ:
A.
B.

Read the section carefully for meaning.

Mark the text with underlining, arrows, notes, etc., to help you
understand and recall main ideas and relationships.
C.
Summarize key ideas and answers to questions (from part II) in the
margins of your book or in your reading notes. Copy these notes
onto a separate sheet of paper or photocopy the text pages to
be turned in with this assignment.
What is the definition of a major mineral? A mineral required in the diet in an amount greater than
100 mg/day or present in the body in an amount greater than 0.01% of body weight.

Which minerals are major minerals? Sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium,
and sulfur.

What is the definition of a trace mineral? A mineral required in the diet in an amount of 100 mg or
less per day or present in the body in an amount of 0.01% of body weight or less.

Which minerals are trace minerals? Iron, copper, zinc, selenium, iodine, chromium, fluoride,
manganese, molybdenum, and others

What is bioavailability? A subcategory of absorption and is the fraction of an administered dose of

unchanged drug that reaches the systemic circulation, one of the principal pharmacokinetic
properties of drugs. By definition, when a medication is administered intravenously, its
bioavailability is 100%.

What types of food sources generally have higher mineral bioavailability? Animal products

What factors generally decrease mineral bioavailability? Calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper, and
iron carry a 2+ charge, so a high intake of one may reduce the absorption of another.

What are the two types of functions minerals have in the body? Contribute to body structure and
help regulate body processes.

What is a cofactor? An inorganic ion or coenzyme that is required for enzyme activity

How many Americans have osteoporosis? (Refer to Osteoporosis website, you may need this
information for the quiz but not for the test.)

What is the likelihood a woman age 50 years or older will break a bone due to osteoporosis? (Refer
to Osteoporosis website)

What is bone remodeling? A continuous process in which small amounts of bone are removed and
replaced by new bone.

When does a person usually reach peak bone mass? Between ages 16-30

What dietary factors affect your risk for developing osteoporosis? Depends on the level of peak
bone mass and the rate at which bone is lost. Genetics, gender, age, hormone levels, and lifestyle
factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise and diet.

What factors other than diet affect your risk for developing osteoporosis? Genetics, gender, age,
hormone levels, and lifestyle factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise

Why are women at greater risk for osteoporosis than men? They have less bone than men and lose
it faster as they age.

IV.

What are trends with soda and milk consumption among teenagers? Drink twice as much soda as
milk.

What are the recommended calcium supplements doses? 500mg or less twice a day for men 19-70
and women 19-50

What can you do to minimize your chances of having osteoporosis? Achieving a high peak bone
mass and slowing the rate of bone loss. Adequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D produces bone
mass, zinc, magnesium, potassium, fiber, vitamin K, and vitamin C, nutrients that are plentiful in
fruits and vegetables are important for bone health. Exercise, active lifestyle, limiting smoking and
alcohol. Treated with estrogen to slow down bone breakdown and increase calcium absorption.

What are the functions of iron in the body? Blood coloring

What is heme iron? Readily absorbable form of iron found in meat, fish and poultry that is
chemically associated with certain proteins.

What is non-heme iron? 60 percent of the iron in animal tissue and all the iron in plants (fruits,
vegetables, grains, nuts) is less well absorbed.

How do they differ in absorption?

What foods are good sources for heme iron? Animal

What foods have non-heme iron? Plant

What will improve non-heme iron absorption? Vitamin c (sixfold), beef, fish, or poultry in same
meal

What decreases non-heme iron absorption? Fiber, phytates, tannins, ozalaes

Why does iron deficiency anemia cause fatigue?

How common is iron deficiency in the world? 2 billion 30% of population

Who is at risk for iron deficiency anemia? Those who are unable to obtain adequate dietary iron,
women child bearing age, pregnancy, infants, children, adolescents, vegetarian, poverty

What are the concerns with children under 6-years of age consuming excessive iron supplements?
Poisoning, acute iron toxicity

What are the diagnostic tests would a doctor order to determine iron deficient anemia? Regular
blood withdrawal

What should be done for treatment of iron deficient anemia?

What are the concerns for iron overload? Damaged organs

What is hemochromatosis? An inherited disorder that results in increased iron absorption.

What are the early symptoms of hemochromatosis? (Refer to CDC website) aches and fatigue

What is the treatment for hemochromatosis? (Refer to CDC website) blood drawn

RECITE: Out loud, using your own words, from memory only.

A.
B.
V.

VI.

Stop after each paragraph or section, cover the text, then recite from
memory the main ideas and answers to your questions.
Check to see if your understanding was correct by reading in the text
again.

REVIEW:
A.

You should review the entire chapter as a whole immediately following

your first reading. Recite the key ideas, don't just reread. Cover the
text and answer your questions. In your mind try to tie all the main
ideas together into one coherent structure. This will greatly aid your
understanding and memory.
Comment on your first review. How did it go?
I did pretty good with remembering what was read and I learned. A
couple times I had to look back and review a little more to fully
understand the ideas being taught, but now I feel like I have a really
good grasp on all the concepts.

B.

Your second review should be 24-48 hours after your first reading.
Reviews should consist of glancing at key words and questions from
your notes and margins of the text and then reciting the main ideas
from memory. Write below the day and amount of time used for this
second review of the selected chapter.
November 17 and I spent about 1.5hrs reviewing.

EVALUATE YOUR EXPERIENCE USING SQ3R . Which parts work best

for you? What didn't work well? Explain why.
Writing ideas down and questions down went well, although it wasnt my
book so I had to use a scratch paper so that made it a little hard for
reviewing. I felt that I was able to identify key ideas and find answers to those
quickly. I also noticed that the questions that I wrote down, I remembered the
answer to it longer and it was fresher in my mind.