5.4.

CALCULOS
DESCRIPCION GENERAL DE LA MUESTRA
las muestras para este ensayo ser un tubo de fierro de 1/2" X 1 1/2 " de espesor 2mm
tenemos as la siguiente seccin en cm

L(cm)=
A(cm2)
I(cm4)
RG(cm)

43 cm
1.872 cm2
0.463237 cm4
0.49744916

l=
86.4409951
con estos resultados se puede constatar que la esbeltez es mayor de 80 como lo
sugiri el docente

ITEM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

T(S)
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
36
39
42
45
48
51
54
57
60

COLUMNA 1
d(DIAL)
d(cm)
0
0
7.8
0.019812
12.5
0.03175
18
0.04572
24
0.06096
31.1
0.078994
41.3
0.104902
51
0.12954
60
0.1524
69.2
0.175768
78.2
0.198628
87.4
0.221996
96.1
0.244094
104.9
0.266446
114
0.28956
123.3
0.313182
132.1
0.335534
140.6
0.357124
147.5
0.37465
153.1
0.388874
154.9
0.393446

P(DIAL)
0
8.5
15
21.5
31
38
47.9
56
68
78
89
101
112.5
127
137
144
153
159
163
164.8
165.4

P(Kg)
0
62.9
111
159.1
229.4
281.2
354.46
414.4
503.2
577.2
658.6
747.4
832.5
939.8
1013.8
1065.6
1132.2
1176.6
1206.2
1219.52
1223.96

GRFICA P VS d RANGO
ELSTICO

GRFICA CARGA VS
DEFORMACIN
1400

1200

y = 3426.7x - 2.9035
R = 0.9977
1200

1000

1000

800

800

P(Kg)

P(Kg)

600

600
400

400

200

200
0
0

0.1

0.2

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

d(cm)

0.4

0.5

-200

d(cm)

0.3

0.4

Aplicando la frmula de columna con excentricidad

A(cm2)
e(cm)=
I(cm4)=
L(cm)=
E*(1/cm)=
E(Kg/cm2)=
Pcr=

1.872
0.2
0.46324
43
3426.7
341940
845.504

s1=

865.568 kg/cm2

s2=

37.7488 kg/cm2
283.695 kg*cm

Mmax

cm2
cm
cm4
cm
1/cm
kg/cm2
Kg

COLUMNA 2
ITEM T(S)
1
0
2
3
3
6
4
9
5 12
6 15
7 18
8 21
9 24
10 27
11 30
12 33
13 36
14 39
15 42
16 45
17 48
18 51
19 54
20 57
21 60

d(DIAL)
0
7
12
17.2
25
32.4
40
51
62
65
76.9
87.2
97.4
106
113.3
124.8
134
141.6
150
167
183

d(cm)
0
0.01778
0.03048
0.043688
0.0635
0.082296
0.1016
0.12954
0.15748
0.1651
0.195326
0.221488
0.247396
0.26924
0.287782
0.316992
0.34036
0.359664
0.381
0.42418
0.46482

P(DIAL)
0
6.9
11.8
17
25
33
41.3
50.5
61
68.9
77.5
86
96.5
105.7
113.3
124.8
133.7
141.6
147
153.9
160

P(Kg)
0
51.06
87.32
125.8
185
244.2
305.62
373.7
451.4
509.86
573.5
636.4
714.1
782.18
838.42
923.52
989.38
1047.84
1087.8
1138.86
1184

GRFICA CARGA VS
DEFORMACIN

GRFICA P VS d RANGO
ELSTICO

1400

1200

y = 2905.3x + 2.058
R = 0.9994

1200
1000

1000
800

P(Kg)

P(Kg)

800

600

600

400
400

200

200

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

d(cm)

0.4

0.5

0.1

0.2

d(cm)

0.3

0.4

Aplicando la formula de columna con excentricidad

A(cm2)
e(cm)=
I(cm4)=
L(cm)=
E*(1/cm)=
E(Kg/cm2)=
Pcr=

1.872
0.2
0.463237
43
2905.3
289910.98
716.85404

s1=
s2=

cm2
cm
cm4
cm
1/cm
kg/cm2
Kg

757.32654 kg/cm2
48.478276 kg/cm2
243.98844 kg*cm

Mmax
COLUMNA 3
ITEM T(S)
1
0
2
3
3
6
4
9
5 12
6 15
7 18
8 21
9 24
10 27
11 30
12 33
13 36
14 39
15 42
16 45
17 48
18 51
19 54
20 57
21 60

d(DIAL)
0
6.9
11.8
18.2
26.1
32.8
41.3
51
61
68.9
77.5
86
96.5
104
113.3
123.4
134
142
147.2
154.2
167

d(cm)
0
0.017526
0.029972
0.046228
0.066294
0.083312
0.104902
0.12954
0.15494
0.175006
0.19685
0.21844
0.24511
0.26416
0.287782
0.313436
0.34036
0.36068
0.373888
0.391668
0.42418

P(DIAL)
0
7
13.9
19.4
31
38
47.2
56
68
77.5
93
97.4
112.8
129
137.6
144.9
153
161.8
164.3
165
166.7

P(Kg)
0
51.8
102.86
143.56
229.4
281.2
349.28
414.4
503.2
573.5
688.2
720.76
834.72
954.6
1018.24
1072.26
1132.2
1197.32
1215.82
1221
1233.58

GRFICA CARGA VS
DEFORMACIN

GRFICA P VS d RANGO
ELSTICO

1400

1400

y = 3454x - 9.7242
R = 0.9966

1200

1200

1000

1000

800

P(Kg)

P(Kg)

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.2

0.4

d(cm)

0.6

-200

d(cm)

0.3

0.4

Aplicando la formula de columna con excentricidad

A(cm2)
e(cm)=
I(cm4)=
L(cm)=
E*(1/cm)=
E(Kg/cm2)=
Pcr=

1.872
0.2
0.46324
43
3454
344664
852.24

s1=
s2=

cm2
cm
cm4
cm
1/cm
kg/cm2
Kg

852.879 kg/cm2
57.634 kg/cm2
290.069 kg*cm

Mmax

COLUMNA 4
ITEM T(S)
1
0
2
3
3
6
4
9
5 12
6 15
7 18
8 21
9 24
10 27
11 30
12 33
13 36
14 39
15 42
16 45
17 48
18 51
19 54
20 57
21 60

d(DIAL)
0
6.9
11.8
17
25
33
41.3
50.5
61
68.9
77.5
86
96.5
105.7
113.3
124.8
133.7
141.6
147
153.9
160

d(cm)
0
0.017526
0.029972
0.04318
0.0635
0.08382
0.104902
0.12827
0.15494
0.175006
0.19685
0.21844
0.24511
0.268478
0.287782
0.316992
0.339598
0.359664
0.37338
0.390906
0.4064

P(DIAL)
0
8.6
14.2
18.7
31.5
38.2
46.9
57
66.8
76.9
94
97
113.6
130
138.5
143.9
154.6
162.3
165
166.9
168

P(Kg)
0
63.64
105.08
138.38
233.1
282.68
347.06
421.8
494.32
569.06
695.6
717.8
840.64
962
1024.9
1064.86
1144.04
1201.02
1221
1235.06
1243.2

GRFICA P VS d RANGO
ELSTICO

GRFICA CARGA VS
DEFORMACIN
1400

1400

1200

1200

y = 3410.6x - 2.335
R = 0.9966

1000
1000

800

P(Kg)

P(Kg)

800

600

600

400

400

200

200

0
0

0.1

0.2

0
0

0.1

0.2

0.3

d(cm)

0.4

0.5

-200

d(cm)

0.3

0.4

Aplicando la formula de columna con excentricidad

A(cm2)
e(cm)=
I(cm4)=
L(cm)=
E*(1/cm)=
E(Kg/cm2)=
Pcr=

s1=
s2=

1.872
0.2
0.463237
43
3410.6
340333.3
841.5318

cm2
cm
cm4
cm
1/cm
kg/cm2
Kg

841.2837 kg/cm2
57.7888 kg/cm2
285.7825 kg*cm

Mmax

COLUMNA 5
ITEM
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

T(S)
0
3
6
9
12
15
18
21
24
27
30
33
36
39
42
45
48
51
54
57
60

d(DIAL)
0
6.5
13.2
20.5
27.9
33.8
45.2
49.1
58.2
66
75.3
91.2
97
107.2
113
121.5
128.4
135.2
140.2
148
153

d(cm)
0
0.01651
0.033528
0.05207
0.070866
0.085852
0.114808
0.124714
0.147828
0.16764
0.191262
0.231648
0.24638
0.272288
0.28702
0.30861
0.326136
0.343408
0.356108
0.37592
0.38862

P(DIAL)
0
5.9
15.1
25.8
33
39
51.4
60.5
72.1
79
92.8
102.8
115
127.8
137
149
156.9
163.4
164.9
167.4
168.2

P(Kg)
0
43.66
111.74
190.92
244.2
288.6
380.36
447.7
533.54
584.6
686.72
760.72
851
945.72
1013.8
1102.6
1161.06
1209.16
1220.26
1238.76
1244.68

GRFICA CARGA VS
DEFORMACIN

GRFICA P VS d
RANGO ELSTICO

1400

1400

1200

1200

y = 3534.2x - 6.7472
R = 0.9978

1000

1000

800

P(Kg)

P(Kg)

800

600

600

400

400

200

200
0
0

0.1

0.2

0
0

0.2

0.4

d(cm)

0.6

-200

d(cm)

0.3

0.4

Aplicando la formula de columna con excentricidad

A(cm2)
e(cm)=
I(cm4)=
L(cm)=
E*(1/cm)=
E(Kg/cm2)=
Pcr=

1.872
0.2
0.463237
43
3402.3
339505.0859
839.4838763

s1=
s2=

cm2
cm
cm4
cm
1/cm
kg/cm2
Kg

843.6206906 kg/cm2
53.26379266 kg/cm2
288.285479 kg*cm

Mmax

COLUMNA 6
ITEM T(S)
1
0
2
3
3
6
4
9
5 12
6 15
7 18
8 21
9 24
10 27
11 30
12 33
13 36
14 39
15 42
16 45
17 48
18 51
19 54
20 57
21 60

d(DIAL)
0
7
11.9
17.9
25
31.5
41.3
52.1
60
68.5
77.1
92
98.2
105
113.7
123.5
133.4
141
147.7
154.7
160.6

d(cm)
0
0.01778
0.03023
0.04547
0.0635
0.08001
0.1049
0.13233
0.1524
0.17399
0.19583
0.23368
0.24943
0.2667
0.2888
0.31369
0.33884
0.35814
0.37516
0.39294
0.40792

P(DIAL)
0
6
15.5
27.8
35.2
37.4
49
60.5
65.2
76
95.2
104.2
118.2
128.5
134
142.9
157.9
163.5
167
170.2
172

P(Kg)
0
44.4
114.7
205.72
260.48
276.76
362.6
447.7
482.48
562.4
704.48
771.08
874.68
950.9
991.6
1057.46
1168.46
1209.9
1235.8
1259.48
1272.8

GRAFICA CARGA VS
DEFORMACION

GRAFICA P VS d
RANGO ELASTICO

1400

1400

1200

1200
y = 3397.9x + 8.458
R = 0.995

1000

800

800

P(Kg)

P(Kg)

1000

600

600

400

400

200

200

0
0

0.2

0.4

d(cm)

0.6

0.2

d(cm)

0.4

Aplicando la formula de columna con excentricidad

A(cm2)
e(cm)=
I(cm4)=
L(cm)=
E*(1/cm)=
E(Kg/cm2)=
Pcr=

1.872
0.2
0.46324
43
3253.3
324637
802.72

s1=
s2=

cm2
cm
cm4
cm
1/cm
kg/cm2
Kg

801.644 kg/cm2
55.962 kg/cm2
271.99 kg*cm

Mmax
VI. RESULTADOS

1. MODULO DE ELASTICIDAD DE LA COLUMNA

1.1.primer proceso de descarte
E1=
341939.887
E2=
289910.98
E3=
344664.07
E4=
340333.318
E5=
339485.129
E6=
324626.854
Epromedio
330160.04
E-10%E
297144.0356
E1=
341939.887
E2=
289910.98
E3=
344664.07
E4=
340333.318
E5=
339485.129
E6=
324626.854
1.2.segundo proceso de descarte
E1=

341939.887

Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
E+10%E
363176.0435
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2

Kg/cm2

OK
NO
OK
OK
OK
OK

E3=
E4=
E5=
E6=

344664.07
340333.318
339485.129
324626.854

Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2

Epromedio
E-10%E
304388.8664

338209.852

Kg/cm2
E+10%E
372030.8367

E1=
E3=
E4=
E5=
E6=

341939.887
344664.07
340333.318
339485.129
324626.854

Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2
Kg/cm2

338209.852

Kg/cm2

OK
OK
OK
OK
OK

por tanto
E=

2.CARGA CRITICA
2.1.primer proceso de descarte
Pcr1=
845.504335
Pcr2=
716.854042
Pcr3=
852.24034
Pcr4=
841.531819
Pcr5=
839.483876
Pcr6=
802.7196
P cr promedio
P-10%P
734.7501018
Pcr1=
Pcr2=
Pcr3=
Pcr4=
Pcr5=
Pcr6=

Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg

816.389002

kg
P+10%P
898.0279023

845.504335
716.854042
852.24034
841.531819
839.483876
802.7196

Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg

2.2.segundo proceso de descarte

Pcr1=
Pcr3=

845.504335
852.24034

Kg
Kg

OK
MAL
OK
OK
OK
OK

Pcr4=
Pcr5=
Pcr6=
P cr promedio
P-10%P
752.6663947
Pcr1=
Pcr3=
Pcr4=
Pcr5=
Pcr6=

841.531819
839.483876
802.7196

Kg
Kg
Kg

836.295994

kg
P+10%P
919.9255935

845.504335
852.24034
841.531819
839.483876
802.7196

Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg
Kg

836.295994

Kg

OK
OK
OK
OK
OK

por tanto:
Pcr=

3.ESFUERZO MAXIMO EN LA FIBRA INTERIOR

smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=
sprom=

865.57

Kg/cm2

757.33

Kg/cm2

852.24

Kg/cm2

841.28

Kg/cm2

843.62

Kg/cm2

801.64

Kg/cm2

826.95

Kg/cm2
s+10%s
909.64

865.57

Kg/cm2

OK!

757.33

Kg/cm2

OK!

s-10%s
744.25

smax=
smax=

smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=

852.24

Kg/cm2

OK!

841.28

Kg/cm2

OK!

843.62

Kg/cm2

OK!

801.64

Kg/cm2

OK!

826.95

Kg/cm2

por tanto:

smax=

4.ESFUERZO MAXIMO EN LA FIBRA EXTERIOR

4.1.primer proceso de descarte

smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=
sprom=

37.749

Kg/cm2

48.478

Kg/cm2

57.634

Kg/cm2

57.789

Kg/cm2

53.264

Kg/cm2

55.962

Kg/cm2

51.813

Kg/cm2
s+10%s
56.99

37.749

Kg/cm2

MAL

48.478

Kg/cm2

OK!

57.634

Kg/cm2

MAL

57.789

Kg/cm2

MAL

s-10%s
46.63

smax=
smax=
smax=
smax=

smax=
smax=

53.264

Kg/cm2

OK!

55.962

Kg/cm2

OK!

4.2. segundo proceso de descarte

smax=
smax=
smax=
sprom=

48.478

Kg/cm2

53.264

Kg/cm2

55.962

Kg/cm2

52.568

Kg/cm2
s+10%s
57.82

48.478

Kg/cm2

OK

53.264

Kg/cm2

OK

55.962

Kg/cm2

OK

s-10%s
47.31

smax=
smax=
smax=

5.MOMENTO MAXIMO
5.1.primer proceso de descarte
Mmax=
283.695452
Mmax=
243.988442
Mmax=
290.068522
Mmax=
285.782523
Mmax=
288.285479
Mmax=
271.990298
M cr promedio
P-10%P
249.5716073
Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=

277.301786

283.695452
243.988442
290.068522

Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
kg.cm
P+10%P
305.0319645
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm

OK
MAL
OK

Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=

285.782523
288.285479
271.990298

Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm

OK
OK
OK

5.1.segundo proceso de descarte

Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=
M cr promedio
P-10%P
255.5680093
Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=
Mmax=

283.695452
290.068522
285.782523
288.285479
271.990298
283.964455

283.695452
290.068522
285.782523
288.285479
271.990298

Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
kg.cm
P+10%P
312.3609002
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm
Kg.cm

OK
OK
OK
OK
OK