DIGITAL ELECTRONICS II

LAB 1
OBJECTIVE:The objective here is to design a circuit that inputs a four bit number and then
outputs a number which is the square of the input four bit number.
DESCRIPTION:The numbers which we are to input are four bit numbers in which the bits will
be represented by the letters A,B,C and D where A is the most significant bit and D is the least
significant bit. Since the input is a four bit number then the maximum input binary number will
be 1111 which represents the decimal number 15. The binary representation of number 225 is
11100001 which means that the output will contain a maximum of eight bits which will be
represented by the letters D7,D6,D5, D4, D3,D2 ,D1,D0 .Where D7 is the most significant bit and D0
is the least significant bit.
Note: In designing we are using inputs ABCD (A being the MSB and D the LSB) and the outputs
D7,D6,D5, D4,..,D0 ( MSB
LSB).

TRUTH TABLE
Input
A

Output (square no.)

D

D7

D6

D5

D4

D3

D2

D1

D0

K-MAPS REDUCTION
D7
CD

AB
00
01
11
10
D7= AB

D6

00

01

11 0010 01

0
0
1
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
1
0

11

10

0
0
1
0
D7=AB+AC

CD

AB
00
01
11
10

0
0
0
1

0
0
0
1

0
0
1
1

0
0
1
1

D5

CD

D1

00

01

11

10

0
0
1
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
1
0

0
0
1
0

AB
00
01
11
10

BOOLEAN EXPRESSIONS FROM THE K-MAPS

D5 = AB
D4 =A (B + C)
D3 = C (A XOR B)
D2 = BC
D1 = 0
D0 = C

THE CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

FROM THREE-BIT COUNTER

square

output

4321

4321

KPD1
3
4321

U1A

U2A

U1B

U5A

U2D

U2B
U4A

U3A

LOGIC DEVICES USED

Hex Key
2-input AND gates
2-input OR gate
Ground
Hex Display

TESTING AND OBSERVATION

The above designed circuit works correctly since it gives the desired results (square of three-bit
number). The results are in hexadecimal representation; 0, 1, 4, 9, 10, 19, 24 and 31 for decimal
numbers 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 respectively.

CONCLUSION
The circuit above shows the application of logic circuits in building simple machines which can
be used for different mathematical manipulations like addition, subtraction or squaring of
numbers.