Oracle RAC 12c Database On Linux Using VirtualBox

10/16/2015
OracleRAC12cDatabaseonLinuxUsingVirtualBox
OracleRAC12c
DatabaseonLinux
UsingVirtualBox
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Bethefirstofyourfriendstolikethis
BySergeiRomanenko
October,2013
ThisarticledescribestheinstallationofOracleDatabase12cRelease1(12.1.0.164bit)RAConLinux
(OracleLinux6.464bit)usingVirtualBox(4.2.18).Highlightsofthisinstallationprocedure:
SmallestpossiblefootprintintermsofRAManddiskspacewithoutnoticeableperformancehit
ShortandfastwaytogetRACinstalledandrunning.Onlyrequiredoperationsincluded.Ifyou
canfindmoreefficientway,pleaseletmeknow
BothASMLibandUdevshareddiskconfigurationsarecovered
GUImaximized,itisfriendlyforbeginners,savestimeforexperiencedveterans
Content
Introduction
SystemRequirements
DownloadSoftware
VirtualMachineSetup
GuestOperatingSystemInstallation
CheckInternetAccess
OracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.Part1
InstallGuestAdditions
OracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.Part2
NetworkSetup
DownloadedOracleInstallationFiles
ClonetheVirtualMachine
CreateSharedDisks
InstalltheGridInfrastructure
InstalltheDatabaseSoftware
InstalltheDatabase
ChecktheStatusoftheRAC
MakingImagesoftheRACDatabase
RestoringRACfromSavedFiles
Introduction
http://www.lab128.com/rac12_installation_using_vb/article_text.html
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ThisismysecondarticleonOracleRACinstalledinVirtualBox.ThefirstonewasaboutRACversion
11g(../rac_installation_using_vb/article_text.html),whichdrewverypositivefeedbackfromreaders.
Overlastyear,IbecameveryactiveuserofVirtualBox,thisisquitestablepieceofsoftwareandI
movedmanyagingphysicalcomputersinmyhouseholdintovirtualmachines.AyearagoIbought16
GBofRAMformylaptop(payingabout$100)andneverregrettedaboutthispurchase.Probablyitis
evenmoreaffordablenow.GiventhistrendofgallopingRAMsize,theentrylevellaptopcomputers
with16GBarenotfarawayfromnow.InthisarticleImadeadjustmentsforOracle12candlatest
VirtualBoxversions.Somestepswerestraightenedordroppedmakinginstallationof12cslightlyeasier
than11g.Yourfeedbackiswelcome,ithelpstomakethewholeproceduresimplerandfaster.
IfyouwanttogetthroughallstepsoftheOracleRACinstallationandyourlaptopordesktopcomputer
has8GBormoreofRAM(16GBisrecommended),thenthisisentirelyfeasibleusingOracle
VirtualBoxasdemonstratedinthisarticle.YoucangetarunningRACsystemwhichcanhostasmall
testdatabase.Thecreatedsystemisnot,andshouldnotbeconsidered,aproductionreadysystem.
It'ssimplytoallowyoutogetusedtoinstallingandusingRACandtestvariousadministration
procedures.ThearticlealsoexplainshowtosavetheimagesandrestoreRACfromtheimagesina
matterofminutes.Evenifyoubreakyourtestsystem,itwillbeeasytorestore.
Thisarticleusesthe64bitversionsofOracleLinux,version6.4,andOracle12cRelease1,version
12.1.0.1.0.UsingVirtualBoxyoucanrunmultipleVirtualMachines(VMs)onasingleserver,allowing
youtorunbothRACnodesonasinglemachine.Inaddition,itallowsyoutosetupsharedvirtualdisks.
Thefinishedsystemincludestwoguestoperatingsystems,twosetsofOracleGridInfrastructure
(Clusterware+ASM)andtwoDatabaseinstancesallonasingleserver.
SystemRequirements
8GBofRAM
44GBoffreespaceontheharddisk+stagingareaforOracleLinuxandRACdownloads,about
9GB
Thisprocedurewastestedon64bitWindows7.Thesuccessfulinstallationwasalsoreportedon
MacBookPro2011,8GBRAM,withOSX10.8.5(MountainLion)andVirtualBox4.2.18thanks
toRudreshRanawhosharedthisinformation.ItshouldbenoproblemusingVirtualBoxonother
HostOSes.PleaseletmeknowifyouhadsuccessorproblemsinotherOSes
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DownloadSoftware
Downloadthefollowingsoftware.
OracleLinux(http://edelivery.oracle.com/linux)OnceintheOracleCloudservice,select"Oracle
Linux"and"x8664bit".Thenclickonrelease(6.4.0.0.0)anddownloadOracleLinuxRelease6
Update4forx86_64(64Bit)V3708401
VirtualBox(http://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads)(thelatestavailableversion4.2.18was
used)
OracleDatabase12cRelease1(12.1.0.1.0)
(http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterpriseedition/downloads/index.html)(use
Linuxx8664,then"SeeAll"link).
OracleDatabase12cRelease1GridInfrastructure(12.1.0.1.0)forLinuxx8664
(http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterpriseedition/downloads/index.html)(use
Linuxx8664,then"SeeAll"link).
VirtualMachineSetup
Inthisexercise,weareusingVirtualBoxinstalledon64bitWindows7.
WemustdefinetwovirtualRACnodes.WecansavetimebydefiningoneVM,thencloningitwhenitis
installed.
StartVirtualBoxandclickthe"New"buttononthetoolbar.Enterthename"rac1",OS"Linux"and
Version"Oracle(64bit)",andthenclickthe"Next"button:
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SetBaseMemoryto3072MB,thenclickthe"Next"button:
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Acceptthedefaultoptiontocreateanewvirtualharddiskbyclickingthe"Create"button:
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AcceptthedefaultVDItypeandclickthe"Next"buttonontheCreateVirtualHardDrivescreen:
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Acceptthedefault"Dynamicallyallocated"optionbyclickingthe"Next"button:
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Acceptthedefaultfilenameandsetsizeto"20G",thenclickthe"Create"button:
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The"rac1"VMwillappearonthelefthandpane.Clickonthe"Network"linkontherightside:
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Makesure"Adapter1"isenabled,attachedto"InternalNetwork"or"HostonlyAdapter".Thisinetrface
willbeusedforpublicnetwork,forexample,forconnectiontotheRACdatbasefromotherapplications.
Moreaboutnetworkingwillbeexplainedlater.Onthescreenshotbelow"InternalNetwork"isselected
andname"pubnet"wasgiventothisnetwork:
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Thenclickonthe"Adapter2"tab.Makesure"Adapter2"isenabledandattachto"InternalNetwork".
Namethisnetwork"privnet":
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Thenfinallyclickonthe"Adapter3",enableit,andattachto"BridgedAdapter"or"NAT".Thisadapter
willbeusedforinternet.Thenpress"OK"button:
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Optionally,youcandisabletheaudiocardusing"Audio"link.Thiswillprobablysavesomeamountof
spaceandavoidpotentialproblemsrelatedtoaudiosettings.Alsoifyoursystemhas4CPUcoresor
more,itwillmakesensetoallocate2CPUstotheVirtualMachine.Youcandothatin"System"
settings.
Thevirtualmachineisnowconfiguredsowecanstarttheguestoperatingsysteminstallation.
GuestOperatingSystemInstallation
PleasenotethatduringinstallationVirtualBoxwillbekeepingthemousepointerinsideVMarea.To
exit,pressRightControlkeyonthekeyboard.
WewilluseOracleLinux6.4ISOimagedownloadedearlier.Placethe.isofileintothevirtualDVD.
Select"Storage"linkontherighthandpaneoftheVirtualBoxManagerscreentoopen"Storage"
screen.ThenselectDVDdriveinthe"StorageTree"section:
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In"Attributes"sectionclickontheDVDdiskiconandchooseDVD.isofile.Notethatnameofthefile
showsintheStorageTree.Thenpress'OK":
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Startthevirtualmachinebyclickingthe"Start"buttononthetoolbar.Theresultingconsolewindowwill
containtheOracleLinuxbootscreen.Proceedwiththe"Installorupgradeanexistingsystem":
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Donotperformthemediatest.Choose"Skip"button:
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ContinuethroughtheOracleLinuxinstallationasyouwouldforanormalserver.Onnextthreescreens
selectLanguage,Keyboard,andBasicStorageDevicestype.Confirmtodiscardanydata.
Note.Forthissandboxsetupweuseddomainname"localdomain".Youcanchangeit,butkeepin
mindtomakesamechangethroughoutthisexercise.
Set"Hostname"torac1.localdomainandpress"ConfigureNetwork":
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IntheNetworkConnectionsscreenselect"Systemeth0"interface,whichwillbeusedforpublic
network,andpress"Edit":
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Makesurethat"Connectautomatically"ischecked.Select"IPv4Settings"tabchangeMethodto
"Manual"Press"Add"andfillAddress:192.168.56.71Netmask:255.255.255.0Gateway:0.0.0.0.
Press"Apply"thendone:
IntheNetworkConnectionsscreenselect"Systemeth1"interface,thiswillbeusedforprivatenetwork,
thenpress"Edit".Thencheckthebox"Connectautomatically".Select"IPv4Settings"tabchange
Methodto"Manual".Press"Add"andfillAddress:192.168.10.1Netmask:255.255.255.0Gateway:
0.0.0.0.Whendone,press"Apply":
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Finallyselect"Systemeth2"interface,thiswillbeusedforInternet,thenpress"Edit".Checkthebox
"Connectautomatically".Select"IPv4Settings"tabmakesuretheMethodissetto"Automatic(DHCP)".
Press"Apply"button:
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CloseNetworkConnectionsscreenandproceedtonextsetupscreen.SelecttimezoneTypeinRoot
Password:oracle
Select"UseAllSpace"typeofinstallationandcheck"Reviewandmodifypartitioninglayout":
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Editsizeoflv_swapdeviceto1700MBtheneditsizeoflv_rootto18276MB.Press"Next":
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Confirmthroughwarningsandcreatepartitions.KeepdefaultsinBootloaderscreen.
Inthesoftwaretypeinstallationscreenselect"DatabaseServer"andcheck"Customizenow"button.
PressNext:
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IntheCustomizationscreenselect"Databases"anduncheckallitemsselect"Desktops"andcheck
"Desktop"and"GraphicalAdministrationTools"thenpressNextandfinishinstallation.Reboot.
Whenitcomesback,therewillbemoresetupscreensobvioustohandle.Don'tcreate'oracle'account,
thiswillbedonelater.YoucanskipKdumpsettings.Congratulations!TheLinuxhasbeeninstalled.
Tip.WewillneedtotouseTerminalprogram(MainMenu|Applications|SystemTools|Terminal)
veryoften.YoucansavetimebyaddingTerminalicontothePanelorDesktop.RightclickonTerminal
menuitemandselecteither"Addthislaunchertopanel"or"Addthislaunchertodesktop".
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CheckInternetAccess
WewillneedInternetaccessbecauseadditionalpackageswillbeinstalledonline.Openterminal(Main
menu|Applications|SystemTools|Terminal)andtrytopinganyInternetsite,forexample:
pingyahoo.com
Ifpingdoesn'twork,troubleshoottheproblemusing'ifconfig'commandandmakingchangesin
NetworkConnections(LinuxdesktopMainmenu|System|Preferences|NetworkConnections).Ifyou
madechangesinNetworkConnections,restartinterfacebyrebootingVMorrunningthesetwo
commands:
#ifdowneth2
#ifupeth2
Thencheckthepingagain.
OracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.
Part1
Allactionsinthissectionmustbeperformedbytherootuser.
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Install'oraclerdbmsserver12cR1preinstall'package.Thispackageperformsprerequisitesincluding
kernelparameterchangeandcreationofLinuxoracleaccount:
#yuminstalloraclerdbmsserver12cR1preinstall
Note.Probablyyouwillnotbeabletopasteandcopythiscommand.Soyouwillhavetotypeit
manually.WearegoingtofixthatshortlybyinstallingGuestAdditions.Fornowjusttypethose
commands.
AnotherNote.Whileusing'yum'sometimesIhaveseenthiserror:"Existinglock/var/run/yum.pid:
anothercopyisrunningaspid523.Anotherappiscurrentlyholdingtheyumlockwaitingforitto
exit...".Whenthishappened,Iwasinterruptingthiswaitwith'CtrlC'andthenkillingreportedprocess,
inthisexample523:'kill523'.Afterthat,nextrunofyumwasalwaysOK.
TherearetwopreferredwaystomakeshareddrivesvisibletoASM:UdevandASMLib.Youhaveto
choosebetweenthem.Thereareprosandconsofoneoranotherway,youcanfinddiscussionson
thistopicinInternet.Ifyoudon'tcareandonlyinterestedinhavingRACinstalled,chooseASMLib
becauseitiseasieranduseslessofOSresources,whichismoresuitableforthelaptopsetup.Next
twoactionsshouldbedoneifASMLibisselected.SkipthemifyoudecideonUdevway.
1.InstallASMLib:
#yuminstalloracleasm
#yuminstalloracleasmsupport
2.ConfigureASMLibrunningthiscommandandansweringquestions:
#oracleasmconfigurei
ConfiguringtheOracleASMlibrarydriver.
ThiswillconfiguretheonbootpropertiesoftheOracleASMlibrary
driver.Thefollowingquestionswilldeterminewhetherthedriveris
loadedonbootandwhatpermissionsitwillhave.Thecurrentvalues
willbeshowninbrackets('[]').Hitting<ENTER>withouttypingan
answerwillkeepthatcurrentvalue.CtrlCwillabort.
Defaultusertoownthedriverinterface[]:oracle
Defaultgrouptoownthedriverinterface[]:oinstall
StartOracleASMlibrarydriveronboot(y/n)[n]:y
ScanforOracleASMdisksonboot(y/n)[y]:
WritingOracleASMlibrarydriverconfiguration:done
#
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Tip.Wewillneedtoeditconfigurationfiles.Ifyouarenotfamiliarwith"vi"editororpreferGUIeditor,
install"gedit":
yuminstallgedit
Forexample,toedit"/etc/hosts"file,usethiscommand:"gedit/etc/hosts".
InstallGuestAdditions
GuestAdditionsareoptional,buthighlyrecommended.GuestAdditionsallowbetterintegrationof
mousesupportandclipboardbidirectionalcopying.Anotherimportantfeatureissupportofshared
foldersmakingfilesinHostOSvisibletoGuest.TheremainingofthisdocumentassumesthatGuest
Additionsareinstalled.
InordertoinstallGuestAdditions,rebootjustcreatedVM:Menu|System|ShutDown.Loginasroot.
TheninthewindowmenuselectDevices|InstallGuestAdditions.Gothroughthedownloaduntilyou
seeDVDAutorunscreen:
Press"OK",then"Run"tostartinstallation.
Note.Theinstallationcanfailcomplainingonmissingkerneluekdevelpackageprovidinga'yum'
commandtoinstallthispackage.Runthiscommandthat'swhyweneedInternetaccess.Alsoinstall
anotherpackage:'yuminstallgcc'.ThenreinstallGuestAdditionsbydoubleclickingon
VBOXADDITIONSDVDicononthedesktop,andclicking"OpenAutorunPrompt"button.
ShutdownVM.InVirtualBoxManagerwindowselect"General","Advanced"tab,andmakesurethat
"SharedClipboard"issetto"Bidirectional".Restartthemachine.Nowyoushouldbemuchhappier
aboutVirtualBox!
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OracleClusterwareInstallationPrerequisites.
Part2
CreatethedirectoryinwhichtheOraclesoftwarewillbeinstalled.
mkdirp/u01/app/12.1.0/grid_1
mkdirp/u01/app/oracle
chownRoracle:oinstall/u01
chownoracle:oinstall/u01/app/oracle
chmodR775/u01/
Addoracleaccounttovboxsfgroups.ThevboxsfgroupwascreatedbyVirtualBoxGuestAdditionsand
willalloworacleuseraccessfoldersintheHostOS:
#usermodGdba,vboxsforacle
Resetoracleuserpasswordtooracle:
#passwdoracle
Changingpasswordforuseroracle.
Newpassword:
BADPASSWORD:itisbasedonadictionaryword
BADPASSWORD:istoosimple
Retypenewpassword:
passwd:allauthenticationtokensupdatedsuccessfully.
#
Disablesecurelinuxbyeditingthe"/etc/selinux/config"file,makingsuretheSELINUXflagissetas
follows.
SELINUX=disabled
EitherconfigureNTP,ormakesureitisnotconfiguredsotheOracleClusterTimeSynchronization
Service(ctssd)cansynchronizethetimesoftheRACnodes.InthiscasewewilldeconfigureNTP.
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#servicentpdstop
Shuttingdownntpd:[FAILED]
#chkconfigntpdoff
#mv/etc/ntp.conf/etc/ntp.conf.orig
#rm/var/run/ntpd.pid
CleanupYUMrepositories:
#yumcleanall
Checkfilesystemusage,about2.8GBisused:
#dfk
Filesystem1KblocksUsedAvailableUse%Mountedon
/dev/mapper/vg_rac1lv_root
1842048427687241471603216%/
tmpfs154458410015444841%/dev/shm
/dev/sda14958447832239192217%/boot
#
NetworkSetup
Allactionsinthissectionmustbeperformedbytherootuser.
BelowisTCPlayoutofaddressesusedinpublicandprivatenetworks.Ifyouneedtouseanother
addresses,makecorrespondingadjustmentsandremembertostayconsistentwiththoseadjustments
throughouttherestofthearticle.Pleasenotethatthesubnet192.168.56.0isadefaultconfiguration
usedbytheVirtualBoxasHostonlynetworkconnectingthehostOSandvirtualmachines.The
VirtualBoxisalsorunningDHCPserveronthissubnetreservingaddressrange100254.Soitissafeto
useaddressesbelow100forstaticaddresses.Youcanverifythesesettingsin:Mainmenu|File|
Preferences|Network,thencheckthepropertiesoftheHostonlynetwork.Weareusingthissubnet
fortheRACpublicnetwork.Evenifyoudon'tneedtoconnectfromtheHostOStotheRAC,andyou
usedVB"InternalNetwork"forAdapter1,youstillcanuseproposedlayoutwithoutmakingchanges.
Edit"/etc/hosts"filebyappendingthefollowinginformation:
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#Private
192.168.10.1rac1priv.localdomainrac1priv
192.168.10.2rac2priv.localdomainrac2priv
#Public
192.168.56.71rac1.localdomainrac1
192.168.56.72rac2.localdomainrac2
#Virtual
192.168.56.81rac1vip.localdomainrac1vip
192.168.56.82rac2vip.localdomainrac2vip
#SCAN
192.168.56.91racscan.localdomainracscan
Note.TheSCANaddressshouldnotreallybedefinedinthehostsfile.Insteadisshouldbedefinedon
theDNStoroundrobinbetween3addressesonthesamesubnetasthepublicIPs.Forthis
installation,wewillcompromiseandusethehostsfile.IfyouareusingDNS,thencommentoutlines
withSCANaddresses.
WealreadysetIPaddressesofalladaptersduringLinuxunstallation.Ifyoufollowedtheinstructions,
thereisnoneedtochangeanything.Butifyouneedtochangesomething,youcandosowiththe
NetworkConnectionstool:LinuxdesktopMainmenu|System|Preferences|NetworkConnections.
Nowweneedtodisablethefirewall:LinuxMainmenu|System|Administration|Firewall.Clickon
"Disable"icon,thenon"Apply".
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DownloadedOracleInstallationFiles
TherearetwooptionstohandleOracledownloads:
DownloadortransferfilesintoVManduncompresstheminVM
DownloadanduncompressintheHostOS,thenmakefoldersaccessibletoVMfilesystem
Obviouslysecondoptionismuchbetterbecauseitdoesn'tusevirtualdiskofGuestVMandwillresult
insmallerfinalimage.Alsoinstallationfilescanbeeasilyreusedinanotherinstallationexercise.Inthis
sectionwearegoingtosetupVirtualBoxSharedFolders.
Itisassumedthatyoualreadydownloadedoracleinstallationfilesanduncompressedthemintothe
"grid"and"database"folders.Inourexamplethesefoldersarein"C:\TEMP\oracle_sw"folder.
C:\TEMP\oracle_sw>dirl
total0
drwx+1sromanenkoDomainUsers0Aug518:10database
drwx+1sromanenkoDomainUsers0Aug503:08grid
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ShutdownVM.InVirtualBoxManagerclickon"SharedFolders"linkintherighthandpane.Addshared
folderbypressing"plus"icon.Thenselectpathtothelocationoforaclesoftware,andcheckboth
boxes"Readonly"and"Automount":
NoteYoucanuseanynamein"FolderName".Ifyouhaveoracleinstallationfilesatdifferentlocation,
youcanoverwritethatnameto"oracle_sw".Thiswillmakeeasiertofollowstepsbelow.
Press"OK"tosavethissetting.NowSharedFoldersshouldlooklikethis:
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RestartVMandloginasoracleuser.Changedirectoryto"/media/sf_oracle_sw"thisiswhere
VirtualBoxmapsHostOSsharedfolder.NotethatVirtualBoxaddedprefix"sf_"tothenameofthe
folder.List'ls'contentofthefolder:
$cd/media/sf_oracle_sw
$ls
databasegrid
$
Note.Ifyouusedfoldernameotherthan"oracle_sw"whilecreatingsharedfolder,thenyouwillsee
"/media/sf_<foldername>"directory,pleasekeepthisinmindandmakecorrespondingadjustments.
Thereisonepackage'cvuqdisk'thatshouldbeinstalledbeforetheinstallation.InstallitfromtheOracle
grid/rpmdirectoryasrootuser:
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$suroot
Password:
#cd/media/sf_oracle_sw/grid/rpm
#CVUQDISK_GRP=oinstall;exportCVUQDISK_GRP
#rpmUvhcvuqdisk*
ClonetheVirtualMachine
ShutdowntheVM.
IntheVirtualBoxManagerwindowstartclonewizard:Mainmenu|Machine|Clone.Type"rac2"forthe
nameofnewmachine.Makesurethat"ReinitializetheMACaddressofallnetworkcards"isnot
checked.Thenpress"Next":
Keepdefault"FullClone"optionselectedandpress"Clone":
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StartclonedVMrac2andloginasrootuser.Thenchangehostnamebyeditingfile
"/etc/sysconfig/network",HOSTNAMEparameter:
HOSTNAME=rac2.localdomain
Start"NetworkConnections"tool(Mainmenu|System|Preferences|NetworkConnections).Editeth0
andeth1interfacesandsetinIPv4addresses192.168.56.72and192.168.10.2correspondingly.
Rebootsystem.
NowweneedtochangeMACaddressforallthreeinterfaces.AtthemomentwehavetwoVMswith
thesamesetofMACaddresses.Wecanrunonemachineoranother,butnotbothofthematthe
sametimebecauseMACaddressmustbeunique.Nochangeswillbemadetorac1,wewillpickup
threenewunusedaddressesandsetthemforeth0,eth1,andeth2inrac2.Theeasiestwaytodothat
istochangejustlasttwocharactersoftheaddress.Wearegoingtochangethemto'00'.Ifthelasttwo
charactersarealready'00',thenchangetosomethingelse,'01',forexample.Justmakesurethat
theseaddressesdon'tcollidewiththeMACaddressesofrac1.Inrunningrac2node,open"Network
Connections"andeditMACaddressinthe"Wired"tab.ThescreenshotbelowshowswheretosetMAC
address.Don'tforgettochangeMACaddressesforallthreeinterfaces.Pleasenotethatyoursetupwill
haveadifferentsetofMACaddressesbecausetheyarerandomgeneratedbyVirtualBox.
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WritedownthenewMACaddressesforallthreeinterfaces.Savenewsettingspressing"Apply"button,
thenshutdownthemachine.Aftershutdown,returntotheVirtualBoxManager,selectrac2VMandedit
"Network"settings.MakesamechangestotheMACaddresses.Don'tforgettochangeMAC
addressesforallthreeadapters.
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Startbothmachinesandcheckthattheycanpingeachotherusingbothpublicandprivatenetwork.
Forexample,onrac1:
$pingrac2
$pingrac2priv
Ifyouhaveproblems,use'ifconfig'commandtochecktheconfiguration,thencorrecttheproblem
using"NetworkConnections"tool.
CreateSharedDisks
Shutdownbothvirtualmachines.Weneedtocreateanewvirtualdisk,changeitsattributeto
ShareableandaddtobothVMs.InthecurrentversionofVirtualBox,theonlywaytocreateanewdisk
intheGUIisthroughthe"Storage"pageinthevirtualmachine'ssettings.Selecteitherrac1orrac2
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VM,thenclickon"Storage"link.Select"SATAController"andclickon"AddHardDisk"icon.Ifnotsure,
whichicontouse,sameactionisavailablethroughthepopupmenu,rightclickonthe"SATA
Controller"andselect"AddHardDisk".
Press"Createnewdisk":
AcceptthedefaultVDItypeandclickthe"Next"buttonontheVirtualDiskCreationWizardwelcome
screen:
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Select"Fixedsize"optionandpressthe"Next"button:
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Changethenameandlocationofthisdisk.Youcankeepthisfileinthedefaultlocationthefolderofa
selectedVM.Although,becausethisdiskisshared,itwillbebettertoputitintheparentdirectory.So,
insteadof"...\VirtualBoxVMs\rac1"directory,placeitin"...\VirtualBoxVMs".Setthesizeto
"4GB".Ifyouwillneedmorespace,youcanchoosethebiggersize.And,regardlessofwhatyou
decidenow,itwillbepossibletoaddmoreshareddiskstotheASMgroupaftereverythingisinstalled.
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CreatethenewdiskandthisdiskwillbealreadyattachedtoVM.
Selectthisnewdisk.YouwillseeinthediskInformationthatthetypeofthisdiskis"Normal".Weneed
tochangethisto"Shareable".Therewasnooptioninthepreviousdialogwindowstocreatenewdisk
as"Shareable".PressOKandclosestoragesettings.IntheVirtualBoxManageropenVirtualMedia
Manager:(Mainmenu|File|VirtualMediaManager).SelectthisnewdiskintheVirtualMedia
Manager:
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Clickon"Modify"iconandselect"Shareable":
AttachthisexistingdisktotheotherVMusing"Storage"page.Don'tforgettoselectcorrectcontroller
beforeattachingthediskanduse"Chooseexistingdisk"option.
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Intheendthe"Storage"sectionofbothVMsshouldbelookinglikethis:
Starteitherofthemachinesandloginasroot.Thecurrentdiskscanbeseenbyissuingthefollowing
commands.
#ls/dev/sd*
/dev/sda/dev/sda1/dev/sda2/dev/sdb
#
Usethe"fdisk"commandtopartitionthenewdisk"sdb".
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#fdisk/dev/sdb
DevicecontainsneitheravalidDOSpartitiontable,norSun,SGIorOSFdisklabe
l
BuildinganewDOSdisklabelwithdiskidentifier0xd724aa83.
Changeswillremaininmemoryonly,untilyoudecidetowritethem.
Afterthat,ofcourse,thepreviouscontentwon'tberecoverable.
Warning:invalidflag0x0000ofpartitiontable4willbecorrectedbyw(rite)
WARNING:DOScompatiblemodeisdeprecated.It'sstronglyrecommendedto
switchoffthemode(command'c')andchangedisplayunitsto
sectors(command'u').
Command(mforhelp):n
Commandaction
eextended
pprimarypartition(14)
p
Partitionnumber(14):1
Firstcylinder(1391,default1):
Usingdefaultvalue1
Lastcylinder,+cylindersor+size{K,M,G}(1391,default391):
Usingdefaultvalue391
Command(mforhelp):w
Thepartitiontablehasbeenaltered!
Callingioctl()torereadpartitiontable.
Syncingdisks.
#
Thesequenceofanswersis"n","p","1","Return","Return"and"w".
Oncethenewdiskispartitioned,theresultcanbeseenbyrepeatingtheprevious"ls"command.
#ls/dev/sd*
/dev/sda/dev/sda1/dev/sda2/dev/sdb/dev/sdb1
#
IfyoudecidedearlieronASMLibwayofexposingshareddiskstoASMthendo"CreateASMLibDisk"
section,otherwisedo"UdevConfiguration"below.
CreateASMLibDisk
MarkthenewshareddiskintheASMLibasfollows.
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#oracleasmcreatediskDISK1/dev/sdb1
Writingdiskheader:done
Instantiatingdisk:done
#
Runthe"scandisks"commandtorefreshtheASMLibdiskconfiguration.
#oracleasmscandisks
Reloadingdiskpartitions:done
CleaninganystaleASMdisks...
ScanningsystemforASMdisks...
#
WecanseethediskisnowvisibletoASMusingthe"listdisks"command.
#oracleasmlistdisks
DISK1
#
StartanotherVMandloginasroot.CheckthattheshareddiskisvisibletoASMusingthe"listdisks"
command.
#oracleasmlistdisks
DISK1
#
Thevirtualmachinesandshareddisksarenowconfiguredforthegridinfrastructure!Optionally,you
cansavethisstateusingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.Pleaseskipthenextsection
"UdevConfiguration".
UdevConfiguration
Thisconfigurationneedstobedoneonbothnodes,youcandoitstepbystepinparallelonboth
nodes.
Open"/etc/scsi_id.config"file(forexample,"gedit/etc/scsi_id.config",ifthefiledoen'texist,itwillbe
created)andaddthisline:
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options=g
Execute"scsi_id"filecommandfortheshareddisk.
#/sbin/scsi_idgud/dev/sdb
1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBb6f0fac5f473897a
YouwillhavedifferentSCSIIDoutput.Thisidwillbeusedinudevrulesfile.Edit"/etc/udev/rules.d/99
oracleasmdevices.rules"fileandaddfollowingentryasoneline.MakesureyouuseSCSIIDfromthe
previouscommand.
KERNEL=="sd?1",BUS=="scsi",PROGRAM=="/sbin/scsi_idgud/dev/$parent",RESU
LT=="1ATA_VBOX_HARDDISK_VBb6f0fac5f473897a",NAME="asmdisk1",OWNER="oracle",G
ROUP="dba",MODE="0660"
RestartVM,loginasoracleandcheckthatshareddiskcanbeexposedtoASM:
$lsal/dev/asm*
brwrw1oracledba8,17Oct613:31/dev/asmdisk1
Thevirtualmachinesandshareddisksarenowconfiguredforthegridinfrastructure!Optionally,you
cansavethisstateusingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.
InstalltheGridInfrastructure
Makesurethe"rac1"and"rac2"virtualmachinesarestarted,thenloginto"rac1"asoracleuser(better
toavoidusing"su"command,Ihadproblems)andstarttheOracleinstaller.
$cd/media/sf_oracle_sw/grid
$./runInstaller
Select"Skipsoftwareupdates"option,press"Next":
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Selectthe"InstallandConfigureGridInfrastructureforaCluster"option,thenpressthe"Next"button.
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Selectthe"ConfigueaStandardcluster"option,thenclickthe"Next"button.
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Selectthe"AdvancedInstallation"option,thenclickthe"Next"button.
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SelectLanguageandgotothenextscreen.Onthe"GridPlugandPlayinformation"screen,change
ClusterNameto"raccluster"andSCANNameto"racscan.localdomain",uncheck"ConfigureGNS"
box,thenpressthe"Next"button.
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Onthe"ClusterNodeConfiguration"screen,clickthe"Add"button.
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Enterthedetailsofthesecondnodeinthecluster,thenclickthe"OK"button.
Clickthe"SSHConnectivity..."buttonandenterthepasswordforthe"oracle"user.Clickthe"Setup"
buttontoconfigureSSHconnectivity,andthe"Test"buttontotestitonceitiscomplete.Thenpress
"Next".
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Onthe"SpecifyNetworkInterfaceUsage"screencheckthePublicandPrivatenetworksarespecified
correctly.Pressthe"Next"button.
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Onthe"GridInfrastructureManagementRepositoryOption"screencheck"No"andpressthe"Next"
button.Confirmthisdecisiononthenextscreen.
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Onthe"StorageOptionInformation"screenkeepOracleASMoptionselectedandpress"Next".
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Onthe"CreateASMDiskGroup"screenclickon"ChangeDiscoveryPath"button:
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IfusearlierusedASMLibconfiguration,thenenter"/dev/oracleasm/disks"(showninthescreenshot
below).IfyouusedUdevconfiguration,thenenter"/dev/asm*".Press"OK":
Keep"DiskGroupName"unchanged.Select"External"redundancyoption.Check
"/dev/oracleasm/disks/DISK1"or"/dev/asmdisk1"inthe"AddDisks"section.Whendone,press"Next".
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Onthe"SpecifyASMPassword"screenselect"Usesamepasswordsfortheseaccounts"optionand
typein"oracle"password,thenpress"Next".Ignorewarningsaboutpasswordweakness.
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Keepdefaultsonthe"FailureIsolationSupport"andpress"Next".
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Keepdefaultsonthe"PrivilegedOperatingSystemGroups"andpress"Next".Ignorewarningonthe
nextscreen.
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KeepsuggestedOraclebaseunchanged,andadjustSoftwarelocationonthe"SpecifyInstallation
Location"andpress"Next".
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Keepsuggestedpathunchangedonthe"CreateInventory"andpress"Next".
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Inthe"Rootscriptexecutionconfiguration"select"Automaticallyrunconfigurationscripts"andcheck
"Userootoption",thentypepasswordoracle.Press"Next".
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Theresultsofprerequisitechecksareshownonthenextscreen.Youshouldseethreewarningsand
onefailure.ThefailurewascausedbyinabilitytolookupSCANinDNSandthatshouldbeexpected.
Check"IgnoreAll"boxandpress"Next".
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Press"Install"ontheSummaryscreen.
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Waitwhileinstallationtakesplace...Whenaskedtoconfirmrootscriptsexecution,answerYes.The
"rootscript"stepwasthelongestone,sobepatient!
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WeexpecttheverificationphasetofailwitherrorsrelatedtolowHostRAM,SwapFilesizes,group
mismatchforDISK1,and"udevinformation".Theseerrorscanbeignored.Youcancheckerrors
openinglogfile.Forexample,forthelogfileshownbelow"gedit
/u01/app/oraInventory/logs/installActions20130930_102544PM.log",thensearchfor"Error".
Hereistheexampleofoffendinglinesfromthelogfileforrac1node:
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INFO:INFO:ErrorMessage:PRVF7530:Sufficientphysicalmemoryisnotavailable
onnode"rac1"[Requiredphysicalmemory=4GB(4194304.0KB)]
INFO:INFO:Cause:Amountofphysicalmemory(RAM)founddoesnotmeetminimumme
moryrequirements.
INFO:INFO:Action:Addphysicalmemory(RAM)tothenodespecified.
...
INFO:INFO:ErrorMessage:PRVF7573:Sufficientswapsizeisnotavailableonno
de"rac1"[Required=2.9462GB(3089292.0KB);Found=1.6602GB(1740796.0KB)]
INFO:INFO:Cause:Theswapsizefounddoesnotmeettheminimumrequirement.
INFO:INFO:Action:Increaseswapsizetoatleastmeettheminimumswapspacere
quirement.
...
INFO:INFO:ERROR:[Result.addErrorDescription:618]PRVF9992:Groupofdevice
"/dev/oracleasm/disks/DISK1"didnotmatchtheexpectedgroup.[Expected="dba";
Found="oinstall"]onnodes:[rac1,rac2]
...
oracle
INFO:INFO:ERROR:[Result.addErrorDescription:607]PRVF9802:Attempttogetu
devinformationfromnode"rac1"failed
INFO:NoUDEVrulefoundfordevice(s)specified
INFO:
Providedthesearetheonlyerrors,itissafetoignorethemandcontinuebyclickingthe"Next"button.
ClosetheConfigurationAssistantonthenextscreen.
Checkthestatusofrunningclusterware.Onrac1asrootuser:
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#.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[oracle]?+ASM1
TheOraclebasehasbeensetto/u01/app/oracle
#crsctlstatusresourcet
NameTargetStateServerStatedetails
LocalResources
ora.DATA.dg
ONLINEONLINErac1STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
ora.asm
ONLINEONLINErac1Started,STABLE
ONLINEONLINErac2Started,STABLE
ora.net1.network
ora.ons
ClusterResources
ora.LISTENER_SCAN1.lsnr
1ONLINEONLINErac2STABLE
ora.cvu
ora.oc4j
1OFFLINEOFFLINESTABLE
ora.rac1.vip
ora.rac2.vip
ora.scan1.vip
ora.scan2.vip
ora.scan3.vip
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Youshouldseevariousclusterwarecomponentsrunningonbothnodes.Iftherewereserious
problemsduringinstallation,thecomponentsofclusterwarewouldn'tstart.Alsoyoucancheck
clusterwarealertfile"gedit/u01/app/12.1.0/grid_1/log/rac1/alertrac1.log"(onrac1node,make
adjustmentsforrac2).
Thegridinfrastructureinstallationisnowcomplete!Optionally,youcansavethisstateusingSimplified
WayofSaving/RestoringImages.
Checkfilesystemusage,about8.6GBareused:
$dfk
Filesystem1KblocksUsedAvailableUse%Mountedon
/dev/mapper/vg_rac1lv_root
184204848691564879319250%/
tmpfs154458464974089484443%/dev/shm
/dev/sda14958447832239192217%/boot$
InstalltheDatabaseSoftware
Makesurethe"rac1"and"rac2"virtualmachinesarestarted,thenloginto"rac1"orswitchtheuserto
oracleandstarttheOracleinstaller.
$cd/media/sf_oracle_sw/database
$./runInstaller
Uncheckthe"Iwishtoreceivesecurityupdates..."checkboxandpressthe"Next"button:
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Check"Skipsoftwareupdates"checkboxandpressthe"Next"button:
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Check"Installdatabasesoftwareonly"optionandpress"Next"button:
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Select"OracleRealApplicationClusterdatabaseinstallation"andthenpress"Next"button.
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Makesurebothnodesareselected.Presson"SSHConnectivity"enter"oracle"passwordandthen
press"Setup"button.AftertheSSHconnectivitysetupisfinished,press"Test"buttontotestit.Then
pressNextbutton.
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SelectLanguageonnextscreenandpressthe"Next"button.
Accept"EnterpriseEdition"optionandpressthe"Next"button:
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Acceptdefaultinstallationlocationsandpressthe"Next"button:
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Acceptdefaultgroupsin"PrivilegedOperationSystemgroups"andpressthe"Next"button:
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Waitfortheprerequisitechecktocomplete.Ifthereareanyproblems,eitherfixthem,orcheckthe
"IgnoreAll"checkbox.Onthescreenshotbelow3warningsareshownwhicharesafetoignore.Click
the"Next"button.
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Ifyouarehappywiththesummaryinformation,clickthe"Install"button.
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Waitwhiletheinstallationtakesplace.
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Executerootscriptswhenpromptedonbothnodes.
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#/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
PerformingrootuseroperationforOracle12c
Thefollowingenvironmentvariablesaresetas:
ORACLE_OWNER=oracle
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
Enterthefullpathnameofthelocalbindirectory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Thecontentsof"dbhome"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"oraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Thecontentsof"coraenv"havenotchanged.Noneedtooverwrite.
Entrieswillbeaddedtothe/etc/oratabfileasneededby
DatabaseConfigurationAssistantwhenadatabaseiscreated
Finishedrunninggenericpartofrootscript.
Nowproductspecificrootactionswillbeperformed.
#
Press"Close"buttonandtheOracleDBsoftwareisnowinstalled!Optionally,youcansavethisstate
usingSimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages.
InstalltheDatabase
StartdbcaDBConfigurationAssistant:
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$cd/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/bin
$./dbca
Accept"CreateDatabase"optionandpressthe"Next"button:
Check"Createadatabasewithdefaultconfiguration"typein"GlobalDtabaseName"thedesired
namewehaveselectedAL32UTF8characterset,makeyourchoiceasneededalsosupplya
passwordforSYS.Wearegoingtocreateareqular(pre12ctype)database,the"CreateAsContainer
Databaseisunchecked.PressNextbutton:
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Waitfortheprerequisitechecktocomplete.Theonlyreportedproblemwasallfamilar"SwapSize".
Check"IgnoreAll"checkboxandclickthe"Next"button.
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Press"Finish"buttonintheSummaryscreen:
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Clickthe"Close"buttontoexittheinstaller.
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TheRACdatabasecreationisnowcomplete!
ChecktheStatusoftheRAC
ThereareseveralwaystocheckthestatusoftheRAC.The srvctl utilityshowsthecurrent
configurationandstatusoftheRACdatabase.
$.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[oracle]?racdb
$srvctlconfigdatabasedracdb
Databaseuniquename:racdb
Databasename:racdb
Oraclehome:/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1
Oracleuser:oracle
Spfile:+DATA/racdb/spfileracdb.ora
Passwordfile:+DATA/racdb/orapwracdb
Domain:localdomain
Startoptions:open
Stopoptions:immediate
Databaserole:PRIMARY
Managementpolicy:AUTOMATIC
Serverpools:racdb
Databaseinstances:racdb1,racdb2
DiskGroups:DATA
Mountpointpaths:
Services:
Type:RAC
Startconcurrency:
Stopconcurrency:
Databaseisadministratormanaged
$srvctlstatusdatabasedracdb
Instanceracdb1isrunningonnoderac1
Instanceracdb2isrunningonnoderac2
$
The V$ACTIVE_INSTANCES viewcanalsodisplaythecurrentstatusoftheinstances.
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$exportORACLE_SID=racdb1
[oracle@rac1Desktop]$sqlplus/assysdba
SELECTinst_nameFROMv$active_instances;
INST_NAME
rac1.localdomain:racdb1
rac2.localdomain:racdb2
exit
$
MakingImagesoftheRACDatabase
Atanypointearlierwecouldsavetheimageofcreatedvirtualmachineandthenrestoreitatwill.Here
wearegoingtosaveimagesofthenewlycreatedOracleRACsystemwhichwecanrestoreinthe
samesystemorevenhandovertoanotherlocationandrestoreinamatteroffewminutes!
IfallyouneedissavingandrestoringimagesinthesameVirtualBoxsetup,youcanuseSimplifiedWay
ofSaving/RestoringImages.
TheexportofVMisastraightforwardprocessandsavingRACimageswouldbeaneasytaskifnot
dealingwiththeshareddisk.Inmyviewthesimplestwaytohandlethatisbydetachingshareddisk
frombothnodesandtakingcareofthesethreeparts(twoselfcontainedVMsandoneShareddisk)
separately.Intheendtherewillbethreefiles:twofilesforVMsandafilerepresentingtheshareddisk.
Thesethreefilescanbefurtherzippedbyyourfavoritearchiverintoonefilewhichcanbeusedfor
storageortransfer.Afterexportisdone,theshareddiskcanbeeasilyattachedbacktothenodes.
SameistruefortheimportofVMsbackintoVirtualBoxalongwiththecopyofshareddisktheshared
diskisattachedtotheimportedVMsasanextrastep.Let'sperformalltheseactions.
CleanShutdownofRAC
Butfirst,weneedtoshutdownserversinniceandcleanmannerbecausewewantsavethemina
robuststate.Shutdownthedatabase.Asoracleuserexecuteonanynode:
$.oraenv
$srvctlstopdatabasedracdb
$
Shutdowntheclusterwareonthefirstnode.Asrootuserexecute:
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#.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[racdb1]?+ASM1
TheOraclebaseremainsunchangedwithvalue/u01/app/oracle
#crsctlstopcrs
...
CRS4133:OracleHighAvailabilityServiceshasbeenstopped.
#
Shutdowntheclusterwareonthesecondnode.Asrootuserexecute:
#.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[racdb1]?+ASM2
TheOraclebaseremainsunchangedwithvalue/u01/app/oracle
#crsctlstopcrs
...
CRS4133:OracleHighAvailabilityServiceshasbeenstopped.
#
Shutdownbothvirtualmachines.WaituntilallVMwindowsareclosed.
DetachSharedDiskandMakeaCopyOfIt
IntheVirtualBoxManageropenVirtualMediaManager:Mainmenu|File|VirtualMediaManager.
ThenselectthediskusedbytheRAC(rac_shared_disk1.vdi).Notethatthisdiskshowsasattachedto
rac1andrac2VMs:
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Clickon"Release"iconandthenconfirminthepopupwindow.Notethatthisdisknowshowsas"Not
attached".Clickon"Copy"tostartDiskCopyingWizard.
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AcceptVirtualdisktocopyandpress"Next".
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AcceptVirtualdiskfiletypeasVDIandpress"Next".
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Select"Fixedsize"andpress"Next".
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Onthenextscreenyoucansetlocationandnameofthenewfile.Whendone,press"Next".
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OntheSummaryscreenreviewdetailsandpress"Copy"tocompletecopying.ClosetheMedia
Managerwhencopyingisdone.
Note.Donottrytocopy.vdifilebecausethecopywillretainsamediskUIDandVirtualBoxwillrefuse
touseitbecausethereisalreadysuchdisk.WhencopyingtroughtheVirtualMediaManager,thenew
UIDisassignedautomatically.
ExportVMs
IntheVirtualBoxManagerselectVM,thencallApplianceExportWizard:Mainmenu|File|Export
Appliance.Exportingisgenerallyassimpleassavingafile.ExportbothVMs.
Nowyoushouldhave3filesthatcanbefurtherzippedintoasinglefilewiththesizeabout12GB.
ReattachSharedDisktotheOriginalRACSetup
FixourcurrentworkingRACsetupbyreattachingshareddisktorac1andrac2VMusing"Storage"
page.Don'tforgettoselectcorrectcontrollerbeforeattachingthedisk:
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Press"AddHardDisk"iconanduse"ChooseExistingDisk"toattach rac_shared_disk1.vdi .Once

ShareddiskisattachedtobothVMs,theRACisreadytorun.
RestoringRACfromSavedFiles
InthissectionwewillimportRACfromthesavedfilescreatingasecondRACsystem.Don'trunboth
RACatthesametimebecausetheywillhavesamenetworkattributes.
OpenApplianceImportWizard:Mainmenu|File|ImportAppliance.Choosethefileandpress"Next":
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OntheApplianceImportSettingsdifferentattributesofnewVMcanbechanged.Wearegoingto
acceptsettingsunchanged.Itisinterestingtonote,thatdisksaregoingtobeimportedinVMDKformat
differentfromtheoriginalVDIformat.
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WaituntiltheVMisimported:
ImportbothVMsandcopySharedDisk rac_shared_disk1_copy.vdi fileintotheparentdirectory

(VirtualVMs).Thisdiskcouldbeattachedtobothmachines,butunfortunatelycurrentversion(4.1.18)
ofVirtualBoxdoesn'tpreservetypeofthediskthenmakingacopy.Attachthisdisktotheeitherof
importedVM,thenselectitandreviewdiskinformation:
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IntheVirtualBox4.1.18,thecopieddiskhas"Normal"type.Ifyouhaveanewerversionandthetypeis
"Shareable"thenthisbughasbeenfixed,andyoucanproceedtoanotherVM.Ifnot,deattachthe
disk,thengototheVirtualMediaManagerandchangethedisktypeto"Shareable"ashasbeen
describedabove,thenreturntotheVirtualmachinesandattachedtheShareddisk.
StartnewVMs.Theclusterwareshouldstartautomatically.Youwillneedtobringupthedatabase.
Loginastheoracleuserandexecute:
$.oraenv
$srvctlstartdatabasedracdb
$
TheRACshouldbewellandrunning!
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SimplifiedWayofSaving/RestoringImages
Thisisnotasupportedwaytosave/restoreimagesinVirtualBox,butitisverysimpleandworkedwell.
TherestoreislimitedtotheVirtualBoxsetupwhereimagesweresaved.
StopbothVMs.FindthelocationwhereVBstoresimages:Mainmenu|File|Preferences|General,
"DefaultMachineFolder"box.Forexample:"C:\Users\sromanenko\VirtualBoxVMs".Gotothisfolder
andlocate"rac1","rac2"directoriesand"rac_shared_disk1.vdi"file.Makea.zipor.rarfilecontaining
thesethreeitems.Ifyoudon'thavecompressingtoolsandthereisenoughdiskspace,youcancopy
thesethreeitemstoanotherlocation.Theimagesaresaved!
Inordertorestoretheseimages:
MakesureVMsarestopped
Gotothe"VirtualBoxVMs"folderanddelete"rac1","rac2"directories,and
"rac_shared_disk1.vdi"file
Restorethesethreeitemsfromthe.zipfileorcopyfromthelocationwheretheseitemswere
saved
TherestoredVMsarereadytorun.
That'sit!Pleasesendyourfeedbackto:
BacktotheTop.
Comments
CliffordMathewsays:
January1,2014at20:24,GMT
Thankyoufortheinstructions.
DuringtheGRIDinstallation,IencounterederrorPRVF7617on"SettingUpGridInfrastructure
Step8of19".Essentially,themulticasttestswerefailing.Toidentifyand"workaround"(see
CAUTIONbelow)thiserror,thefollowingstepsweretaken:
1.Executedthe"runcluvfy"commandasshownbelowfromtheshellprompt.Thiscommandfile
islocatedinthesamedirectoryasthe"runInstaller".
./runcluvfy.shstageprecrsinstnrac1,rac2verbose
2.Turnedofftheipv4firewallusingthefollowingcommandsonbothRACnodes(rac1andrac2)
serviceiptablesstop
chkconfigiptablesoff
3.RestartbothVMs,andreexecuteStep1abovetomakesureerrorsareallclearedup
4.ContinuewithGRIDinstallasisdocumentedinthisblog.
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CAUTION:ByshuttingdowntheFirewallasIdid,Imadethesystemvulnerablefromasecurity
standpoint.Apropersolutionshouldinvolveconfiguringthe"iptables"correctlytoallowwhat
Oraclewants.
AtthispointIdon'thavethestepstodothis"proper"solution.
Notes:
======
IfanyonewishestodisableIPV6,thestepsbelowworkedforme.IPV6wasNOTthecausefor
theaboveissuessothisisnotarequiredstep.
vi/etc/hosts#andcommentoutreferencestoanyipv6addressesbuplacinga"#"characterin
front,andsave
vi/etc/sysconfig/network#andaddthelinesgivenbelow,andsave
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
IPV6INIT=no
vi/etc/modprobe.conf#andaddthelinegivenbelow,andsave(thisfilewasnotpresent,soI
createditbysaving)
installipv6/bin/true
chkconfigip6tablesoff
Restartthemachines
SergeiRomanenkosays:
Thankyouforthecomment.Letmeaskifyoualreadydisabledfirewall(asdescribedin
"NetworkSetup"section)beforegettingPRVF7617error?
CliffordMathewsays:
AsecondcluvfyfailureoccurredattheendofGRIDinstall(runningfromserverrac1).This
hadtodowithSCANaddressesandnslookup.ToresolvethisIinstalledBINDononeof
theservers(rac1)usinginstructionstheURLbelow:
http://www.oraclebase.com/articles/linux/dnsconfigurationforscan.php(Thispagerefers
toaGUIDNSeditorIcouldnotfindthatpackage,sothatwasnotinstalled.Allrequired
DNSfileswerecreatedwhen"servicenamedstart"commandwasissued.Afterstarting
"named",Ifollowedtheinstructionsandedited(orcreatedtheadditional)filesmentionedin
thatarticle.Ionlyaddedthe3SCANaddressesandlocalhostintheDNSdatabase.These
3SCANaddresseswerethenremovedfrom/etc/hostsbycommentingthemout.Dida
final"servicenamedrestart",thentried"nslookupracscan.localdomain"whichresolved
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thenameto3IPaddresses.
Afterthisclicked"Retry"buttontheinstallerwindow,anditsucceeded.
CliffordMathewsays:
HelloSergei,Imighthavemissedthe"disablefirewall".Sorry.
Noproblem.Itisgoodyoumentionedthatdisablingfirewallisnotabestthinginanyreal
worldsystem.
JohnHongsays:
Hi,forthosepeoplewhoishavingthisissuepleaseseethelink
TOinstallguessadditionerrorinthelogthatunabletofindthesourceofyourkernel...."
runkernelupdatereferthislinkhttp://oraclelabspace.blogspot.com/2012/06/settingupguest
additionsinoracle.html
Yes,VirtualBoxguestadditioncanbetrickyandprobablyversiondependent.So,you
commentshouldbehelpful.Thanks!
Pragneshsays:
Hi,
Nicedocument.
IinstalledVMRAC2nodeandthenIwantedtoaddanode.WhenIclonethemachineandrun
clufyaftersuccessfullyinstallingtheGRIDsoftware,RAC3isnotshowingaspartoftheRAC
clusetr.DidImissanything?Istillwentaheadandinstalledthedatabasesoftwaresuccessfully.
ThenwhenIrantheDBCAfromRAC1tocreateinstanceonRAC3,afterenteringtheSYS
usernameandpasswordIgoterrormessage:serviceRAC1vip:1521:RAC1isnotavailable.
Checkyourusername,passwordandmakesurethelistenerisupandavailable"
Idon'tunderstandthiserror.Thescanandtheregularlistenerareupandrunning.DidIdo
anythingwrong?
Pleasehelp.
AkashShandilyasays:
GreatDocument!
Justanote:Igotanotherfailedprerequisite.
PRVE0426:Thesizeofinmemoryfilesystemmountedas/dev/shmis"____"megabytes
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whichislessthantherequiredsizeof"2048"megabytesonnoderac1,rac2
Justincaseyougetthiserror,modifythesizeoftmpfsusingthefollowingsteps:
#vi/etc/fstab
Modifythetmpfslinetolooksomethinglike:
tmpfs/dev/shmtmpfssize=3g00
savethefileandquit
remounttmpfs:
mountoremounttmpfs
checkchanges:
dfh
Runprerequisitechecksagain.Solved.
Enjoy!
Costisays:
Hi.Ifollowedyourtutorial,stepbystepandeverytimeIhavedifferentspaceavai.Forexample
nowIhavealmostfree6GB,thereforeIwillhaveanerrorwheninstallingtheOracleDB.Doyou
knowwhy?Isitpossibletobeincreased,otherwiseIwillhavetotakeitagainallover.Thankyou
Requireddiskspacecanfluctuateandeachnewinstallationcanbedifferent,Ididn'tkeep
exactnumbers,butitwasnotverybig.Thiscanbedependentonmanythingsincluding
Linuxversion,whichkeepschanging,yumonlinerepositorywhichalsogetsbiggerover
timeandyourVMwillcacheit.Bytheway,don'tforgettoreleaseyumrepositorywhen
youdon'tneeditanymore:'yumcleanall'.
Ithinkitispossibletoresize.VDIdiskusing'VBoxmanagemodifyhd'commandandthen
modifyingLinuxpartitionsby'GParted'butInevertriedthat.YoucansearchInternetfor
detailsonthat.
Prakashsays:
June10,2014at15:53,GMT
In"InstallGuestAdditions",SometimeGuestAdditionFailstoInstall.
ItwillbesafetoExecutebelowTwoCommandsFollowedby"Reboot"forSmoothadditionof
SharedFolder.
$yuminstallkernel*dkmsgcc
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$yuminstallkerneluekdevel
ThisWillEnsureyour"GuestAdditions"installationalwaysSucceeds.
SergeiRomanenko(http://kab128.com)says:
Prakash,
Thankyouforyourcomment.VirtualBoxGuestAdditionisabittricky,soyourhintshould
help.
Jimsays:
Isuccessfullycreateatwonoderac12cusingoraclevirtualbox(nodeol6121rac1,ol6121
rac2)systemworksfine.
NowIwanttocreateathirdnode.Itriedusingvboxtocloneanewserverol6121rac3.itcloned
okandIresettheipaddressforthenewnode,.etc.
Sincethenode1andnode1areusingGridInfrastutueandASM,mynode3clonehaswhatnode
onehadinstall.HOwdoIchangenode3tobeadded.
ItalreadyhastheGRIDHomeandORACLEHOME...
Billsays:
July4,2014at11:14,GMT
Great.Icreaterac1andrac2.Howdoyouaddathirdnode.
Thanks
SergeiRomanenko(http://lab128.com)says:
Jim,Bill:
AlthoughIdidn'ttrythat,Iwoulddothesesteps:
removeonenode,sayrac1,fromthecluster
clonerac1torac3,doingallneededchanges(MACaddresses,hostname,IPaddresses
etc)describedinthearticle
addtwonewnodes(rac1,rac3)tothecluster.
RemovingandaddingnodesisastandardprocedurecoveredinOracledocumentation,
alsoavailableonmanywebsites.
Billsays:
Iwasabletocreate/addathirdnoderac3toyoursetupabove.Willsendthedocs.
Thanks
AnibalLopezsays:
August15,2014at09:16,GMT
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HiSergei,
TheshareddrivesarenotmountedontheLinuxenvironment.
Isthereawaytocheckthis?
Doweneedtodothemountofthesharedstoragemanually?
Thx,
Anibal
SergeiRomanenko(http://www.lab128.com)says:
No.Checkthatshareddriveisaddedandaccessible:
#ls/dev/sd*
Theoutputshouldbesimilartothis:
/dev/sda/dev/sda1/dev/sda2/dev/sdb/dev/sdb1
AnibalLopezsays:
HiSergei,
TheotherproblemistheSharedFolder.
Ihaveaddedthedirectoryetc.
Whendoing:[root@rac1media]lsl
thereisnotoracle_sw.
YouknowifIcancheckthistoo?
Thx,
Anibal
InVirtualBoxManager,selectVMandthenopenSharedFolders.Checkthat"oracle_sw"
isinthere.Ifnot,seethedocumentandaddit.YoumayneedtorestarttheVMifyou
madechanges.
Thenin"/media"youshouldseesf_oracle_swfolder.NotethatVBadds"sf_"prefix.
AnibalLopezsays:
HiSergei,
Ihavedonethisbutwithoutsuccess.
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Isthereanywaytocheckwhy?
Isthereamissingoptionhere?
Thx,
Anibal
ThisfunctionalityisprovidedbyVBGuestAdditions.TrytoreinstallGuestAdditions.Ifthat
doesn'thelp,youshouldlookforhelponVirtualBoxforums.
AnibalLopezsays:
HiSergie,
Havethingsworkingtilltheinstallofthedatabasesoftware.
Igottheerror:notenoughspace.
IhaveresizedthiswiththeVBoxManagerfromwithintheWindows8OS.
IhavealsohavetodoadiskresizingintheLinuxenvironmentwhenstartinguptheracvm's.
Doyoumayhaveanyadviceorhintonthis?
Thx,
Anibal
Davidsays:
Iamabeginner.Ifollowallyourstepsandfinishinstallwithnoproblem,thankyou.
Itrytoaddanode,butIcan'tfindaddNode.shin$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/.Couldyoutellme
howtorunaddNode.sh,appreciate.
Onthefirstnode:
[oracle@rac1~]$.oraenv
ORACLE_SID=[grid]?+ASM1
[oracle@rac1~]$echo$ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid
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[oracle@rac1~]$ls$ORACLE_HOME/oui/bin/addNode.sh
/u01/app/11.2.0/grid/oui/bin/addNode.sh
says:
September19,2014at17:49,GMT
HiSergei,
Greatdocumentandnicedetailedsteps,thankyouverymuchforyoureffort:)
IwasabletodotheinstallIdidruninafewissues,butnothingthatpatienceandgooglesearch
couldnotsolve.
Thankyou,
Florin
says:
Hi,
Thanksforsharing.Thisisgold!Justwanttosharesomeexperiencewhilesettingup12.1.2
insteadof12.1.1.
1.Youneedalargerstorageforbothshareddiskandracvmsorelseyouwillrunintoissues
wheninstallingthedatabase.iuse10gbforshareddiskand30gbforracvms.Ibelievea30%
bumpwilldo(Ijustwanttobesafe)
2.Ihitanmemory_targetissuewhilestartinguptheRACvmafterthecreationofdatabase.I
resolveditbyincreasingmyvmmemoryto4gbandsettmpfsto3gb.Notsurewhatsthebest
waytoresolveitbutit'sworkingformeatm.
Thankyou,
Roger
says:
Roger,
Thankyouforthisvaluableinformation!
says:
SergeiRomanenko,
Whyyoudidn'tuseSCAN/DNSserver?
Thanks
Bhim
Sohansays:
October11,2014at10:10,GMT
107/111
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Dowedon'tneedtodefineparameterin.bash_profileofbothnode?
syedaleemsays:
HiSergei:
Thankyouverymuchforsharingthisdocumentandgreatlyappreciatedforyoureffort.Iusedall
instructionsnicelylaidoutinthisdocumentandsetupmythetwonodeRACsuccessfully.
Thankyouagain.
SyedAleem.
Sohansays:
HiSyed,didyousetkernelparameterfortheconfigurationin/etcsysctl.conf?
RuiXianBAOsays:
December12,2014at23:49,GMT
RuiXianBAOsays:
HelloSergeiandothers,
Sorryfortheaboveemptypostamistake:)
BTWSergei,sincethefirsttimeIhadmoreerrorsthanexpectedafterinstallingtheGrid,thenI
deletedtheoldrac1andrac2andhavedoneareinstallation,butgotthesameerrorsasbelow.
Anyideawillbehighlyappreciated.
Best
RuiXian
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sda
INFO:INFO:ParsingORA27041:unabletoopenfile
INFO:INFO:ParsingLinuxx86_64Error:13:Permissiondenied
INFO:INFO:ParsingAdditionalinformation:42
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sdb
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sda1
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INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sda2
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00311:Errorscanningdevice/dev/sdb1
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00316:ErroracquiringASMdiscoverystring:ORA29780:unableto
connecttoGPnPdaemon[CLSGPNP_ERR]
INFO:INFO:ParsingKFOD00105:Couldnotopenpfile'init@.ora'a
RuiXianBAOsays:
HelloSergeiandothers,
FYI,IgotthesameerrorevenwhenItriedudevinsteadofASMLib.Andmyfriendalsogetsthe
exactsameerror.Guessthisistheresultofthecurrentsoftwarecomponents'combination.In
theend,wedecidedgoingfarwardanywaydespiteoftheerrors.Andsurprisinglyallisthegood
intheend:)Thankyouagainforyourniceinstrucitons!
Best
RuiXian
Paul(www.webgeest.nl)says:
February27,2015at09:21,GMT
Hi,
Perfectdescription,stepbystepworkssmooth.
Except1thing:theSSHconnectivityduringInstallingDatabasestep7of13.
Beforedoinganythingonthisscreen,openupaterminalonbothnodes.
Checkthat:
*youcansshoracle@rac2ANDsshoracle@rac1twoways
*youcanalsosshtoyourself!sosshoracle@rac1fromrac1ANDsshoracle@rac2fromrac2.
Thismakestheentryforthe'own'machinecomeintotheknown_hosts
*makesurethattheauthorized_keyscontainsthepubkeysforBOTHhosts
Ifthisworksfine,thenONLYclicktheTestbutton.AndthenNext.DoNOTclickSetupbutton,
becauseIthinkthismessesuptheconfiguration.
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10/16/2015
Thankyouverymuchforthisexcellentpost!
Paul
rajsays:
March7,2015at15:40,GMT
Hi,
Thisisanawesomepost.Ididsetupsuccessfully.
Itwouldbeniceifyouwritepostsonnodeadditionandnodedeletionandstandbysetupin12c.
Thanks.
Rajansays:
April7,2015at13:15,GMT
WhiletakingbackupusingRMAN,gettingbelowerrorsdueto/dev/sdb1notmountedandneed
oracleuserpermissiontowriteit,
RMAN00569:===============ERRORMESSAGESTACKFOLLOWS===============
RMAN00571:===========================================================
RMAN03009:failureofbackupcommandonORA_DISK_1channelat04/07/201518:12:23
ORA19502:writeerroronfile
"/u01/app/oracle/product/12.1.0/dbhome_1/dbs/b_RACDB_0kq3q7jv_20_1",blocknumber
11648(blocksize=8192)
Plsadvise.Thanks.
EdgarRangelsays:
April13,2015at06:08,GMT
Sergei,
Thankyouverymuchforthisgreatguide!,IcreatedthelabsusingVirtualBoxinLinux(RedHat
EnterpriseLinuxServerrelease6.5),asperothercommentpostedhereIalsoused12.1.0.2,
buttogetitworkingIhadtoincreasememoryupto4gbpereachnode,andalsosettmpfsto
3gb.
Vaibhavsays:
Excellent
Dr.HussienSharaf(ite.frommasr.com)says:
Excellenttutorial.
IusedOracleLinux7for64bitandIfoundthatatthesectiontitled"UdevConfiguration"should
be
#/usr/lib/udev/scsi_idgud/dev/sdb
insteadof:
#/sbin/scsi_idgud/dev/sdb
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Dr.HussienSharaf(ite.frommasr.com)says:
InOracleLinux7,disablingFirewall:
#systemctlstopfirewalld
#systemctldisablefirewalld
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Oracle RAC 12c Database On Linux Using VirtualBox

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The V$ACTIVE_INSTANCES viewcanalsodisplaythecurrentstatusoftheinstances.

Press"AddHardDisk"iconanduse"ChooseExistingDisk"toattach rac_shared_disk1.vdi .Once

ImportbothVMsandcopySharedDisk rac_shared_disk1_copy.vdi fileintotheparentdirectory

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