Temperature and Heat

Energy

How are temperature and

heat energy different?
The liquids in these 2 beakers are at the same
temperature, so the particles have the same
average speed.
B

50C
1 litre

2 litres

2 Beakers of water
at 50C are at the
same temperature but
if one is twice as big
as the other, it will
contain twice as much
heat energy as the
other.

To heat both liquids by the

same amount, the liquid in
beaker B must be given
twice as much energy as
the liquid in beaker A.
This increases the average speed of the
particles in each liquid by the same amount.
B

Warmer
1 litre

42,000J

2 litres

84000J

Energy is measured
in joules (J).

Which will contain more

heat energy?
B

50C
1 litre

Answer - B

2 litres

Which will contain more

heat energy

Answer - A

1 litre

1 litre

62C

12C

What happens when we

mix hot and cold?
If we mix together 2 beakers with the same
volume of water at different temperatures,
the mixture will be at an average of the 2
temperatures.

20
C

C
10

15C

10 + 20 = 15C
2

How much heat is needed?

How much the temperature of

a material is changed by heat
energy depends on

1. What the material is

2. How much of it there is

How much of it there is.

Twice as much water needs twice as
much energy to raise its
temperature by the same amount.
If it takes 4000J of energy to warm
up 100ml of water by 10C, it will
take 8000J to warm up 200ml of
water by 10C.

What the material is

To warm up 1kg of water by 1C,
it takes 4200J of energy.
To warm up 1kg of aluminium by
1C, it takes 880J of energy.
It takes more energy to get the
water particles vibrating faster
because they are further apart.