History of Canada

First nations arrival:

Crossed over the Bering land bridge that joined Russia and Alaska- ice
age
Spread down into the Americas and made their settlements their

Aboriginal peoples:

Several groups that make up all aboriginal peoples of Canada

o they had a very complex identity
6 main territories in Canada that can be broken down
3 main peoples:
o Inuit-> the arctic people
live off the land
barron harsh arctic
what today is called Nunavut
northern Canada, Siberia, Iceland
o First nations neither Inuit or metis
near us are the malahat and cowichan tribe
very complex societies
o Mtis both first nations and European mixed
scattered in regions across Canada, and northern USA
only first few generations of European contact are called
Mtis

Exploration:

Columbus started exploring the new world for Spain (1492)

French started after the Spanish colonized new world
English came last and established the last 13 colonies

John Cabot: Italian explorer (for England)

Discovered new found land, found fish so dense they that it could
feed the empire for years
Jacques Cartier (for france)
sailed up the St. Lawrence river
clamed the land to be affiliated with the devil
named the land Canada- meaning village
All of these explorers were attempting to find Asia for new trade routs

Samuel de Champlain

created the first permanent settlement in Canada called Quebec

o population grew slowly
o then joined by missionarys from the catholic church that
led to France limiting population to only Catholics (the
English accepted all religions)

French and Indian war (1754)

1754: Britain wanted more control over the furs of America so

they went to war against France
Great Britain and the Iroquois fought vs the French an Duron
the battle of the plans of Abraham resulted in France loosing
evection to the English.

Deportation of the Acadians (1755)

Acadians: French speaking Canadians in Nova Scotia the 7 years

war
o Became The Cajens of New Orleans
o 11000 deported
They did not want to swore allegiance to British rule

Treaty of Paris (1763)

Ended 7 year war between Britain and France

French in North America
o except Guadeloupe, st martin Champlain
Royal proclamation
o forbade colonies from expanding past the Appellations
mountains
o Colonists hated this (Intolerable act)

Quebec act (1774)

British pass Law that allows the French in Canada to maintain all
culture religion and trading
o one of the intolerable acts
pissed off Americans because they were loyal to the British

American Revolution (1776)

declaration of independence:
o We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are
created equal, that they are endowed by their creator with
certain unalienable rights; among these are life liberty and
the pursuit of happiness.
o responsible government (democracy) ideas
o All people loyal to Britain (loyalists) move up to Canada