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PROJECT INFORMATION
Project Reference #:
Project Name:
1305DE03
DAGUPAN HEALTH CENTER
Project Location:
Client:
Clients Address:
Consultant:
Contact Number:
1.0
09066892177
INTRODUCTION
The DPWH North Manila Engineering District, henceforth known as the Client,
obtains the services of Solium Bore Consult Inc. to perform a subsurface
investigation of a Proposed Two (2) Storey Building (Dagupan Health Center)
located at Dagupan St., Tondo, Manila, Philippines.
The objective of this report, by using the soil samples obtained underneath the
site, is to provide geotechnical assessments based on the laboratory tests results.
For
an
elaborate
and
systematic
plan of action
for
the
foundation,
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2.0
12
No. of Samples
SPT
Coring
8
0
No. of Samples
8
8
8
8
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3.0
3.3 Seismicity
It has been predicted by the study made by PHIVOLCS, the MMEIRS, that an
earthquake with a magnitude of 7.5 may occur within this era, when the West
Valley fault moves. By using Google earth, it was measured to have an
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approximate distance of 12 km from the site to the nearest line of the West valley
Fault.
4.0
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A process wherein the proportion of each grain size present in a given soil sample
(grain-size distribution) is determined. The grain- size distribution of coarse
grained soils is determined directly by sieve analysis, while that of fine-grained
soils is determined indirectly by hydrometer analysis. The grain-size distribution of
mixed soils is determined by combined sieve and hydrometer analyses.
c) Atterberg Limits of Soils (ASTM-D4318)
A procedure that consists of several parameters that are primarily water contents
which define the limits of various stages of consistency for fine-grained soils. The
liquid limit (LL) and the plastic limit (PL) define the upper and lower limits,
respectively, of the plastic range of a soil; the numerical difference between these
two limits expresses the plasticity of a soil and is termed the plasticity index (PI).
d) Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes (ASTM-D2487)
In general, soils are classified based on the Unified Soil Classification System
(USCS). In this system, soil falls within one of the three major categories: coarsegrained, fine- grained, and highly- organic soils.
5.0
OBSERVATION OF RESULTS
The table below shows the summary results of the borehole. The profiles of the
index properties and in-situ moisture content of each borehole are also illustrated.
DEPTH
NVal
ue
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USC
S
DESCRI
PTION
BOREHOLE
CONSISTE
NCY
INDEX PROPERTIES
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0.00 1.50
13
SCSM
1.50 3.00
22
SCSM
3.00 4.50
SM
4.50 6.00
6.00 7.50
7.50 9.00
9.00
-10.50
10.50 12.00
Silty
clayey
SAND
with
gravel
Silty
clayey
SAND
with
gravel
Silt SAND
MEDIUM
DENSE
CL
Sandy
LEAN
CLAY
SOFT
CL
Sandy
LEAN
CLAY
MEDIUM
STIFF
59
GC
VERY
DENSE
67
SC
72
SC
Clayey
GRAVEL
with
sand
Clayey
SAND
with
gravel
Clayey
SAND
with
gravel
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MEDIUM
DENSE
VERY
LOOSE
VERY
DENSE
VERY
DENSE
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6.0
ENGINEERING ANALYSIS AND
CONSIDERATIONS
6.1 SITE CONDITIONS
The borehole shows sand deposits found in the surface layer, described by mostly
sand in varying portions of fine-grained materials. There is irregularity with
increasing depth; a deeper soil layer may less dense compare to shallower layers.
This just confirms the predicted geology of the dynamic alluvial depository area.
With the inconsistencies of the surface soils, it is highly likely that the site will
experience differential settlement.
After the first 7.5 meters, the soils encountered to be competent layers.
Since these soil types are potentially liquefiable, the existence of alluvial soils on
the surface is also cause for immediate concern. These layers warrant a closer
inspection prior to recommending foundation schemes.
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The hazard map provided by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology & Seismology
(refer to Figure 2) further calls for attention. It illustrations that the project area is
problematically at the boundary of the said liquefiable soils. This, however, helps
only as a guide and detailed calculations of engineering properties is needed for
confirmation.
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Where:
Where:
DEPTH (m)
0 1.5
1.5 3.0
3.0 4.5
4.5 6.0
6.0 7.5
7.5 9
9 10.5
10.5 - 12
*amax = 0.4g
CRR
0.3371
0.3872
0.0572
0.0552
0.0732
1.6416
0.9393
0.9096
CSR
2.6605
2.3947
2.3175
2.2808
2.2593
2.2452
2.2352
2.2278
FS
0.1267
0.1617
0.0247
0.0242
0.0324
0.7312
0.4202
0.4083
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These data indicates that the project area is prone to liquefaction. The distribution
of potentially liquefiable soils within the project area is not fully known since the
boreholes show variations in consistencies. What is consistent is the fact that the
hazardous layers are encountered only up to depths of 7.5 meters.
But, as mentioned, this general analysis is based only on SPT correlations.
It is recommended that further testing should be conducted specific to liquefaction.
Shallow Foundation:
The listed options above are provided for the discretion of the structural designer.
Since the soil properties used for the design of the proposed building foundation
came from only one borehole, inconsistency in the soil properties for the entire
project area must be taken into consideration, saying so, it is important to verify
the consistency of the soil properties during construction.
6.4 SHALLOW FOUNDATION
The maximum load that the underlying soil may carry from the structure is
estimated using Terzaghis (1943) bearing capacity equation below.
Qu = cNcsc + 1DfNq + 0.52B Nysy
where: Qu = ultimate bearing capacity
c = cohesion
Nc,Ny,Nq = bearing capacity factors
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B = width of footing
Df = footing depth (embedment depth)
1 = effective unit weight of soil above footing level
2 = effective unit weight of soil below footing level
sc = shape factor (strip=1.0, square=1.3)
sy = shape factor (strip=1.0, square=0.8)
Qa = Qu / FS
where:
a) Spread Footing
In shallow foundations, spread footings is simply an enlargement of a load-bearing
Wall or column which allows this load carrying members to spread the load of the
structure over a large area of soil.
Listed below are the computed possible bearing capacities for spread footings.
The buildings shorter width corresponds to the listed footing widths. An estimated
value of 18kN/m3 is used in this computations.
Footing Width (B), m
Table
0.80
1.00
1.50
2.00
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There is no occurrence of ground water level in 15 m deep bore. But there must be
an effective drainage to release water from rain or other external source. Water
canal can be use as drainage.
6.7 EXCAVATION
There is no presence of groundwater table in the site based on the bore log.
However it is somehow needed to provide temporary support system like tiebacks
or rakers during construction (Day, 2012).
Consider the possible instability in any exposed slope. The sliding potential behind
the tieback should also be evaluated. Also include in stability analysis the weight of
surcharge or weight of other facilities in close proximity to the excavation (Day,
2012).
6.8 PAVEMENT DESIGN
The site is free from flood and has a great value of allowable soil strength as
being computed on the previous part. Although light cracks might occur due to
alkali-silica reactivity (Rosas, 2014) the client may request to add reinforcement
bar for a more durable pavement.
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The nearest fault from the structure that can generate seismic force is the West
Valley Fault based on the large scale-active fault map of the Philippine fault made
by Tsutsumi and Perez of 2013. It is measured using Google earth application to
have a 12 Km distance from the structure to the nearest section of the fault. The
parameters in which the NSCP code provision (2010) for the earthquake design of
the building may satisfy was determined. The seismic source type falls under the A
category, in which the near source factors are N a= 1.00 and Nv= 1.2.The site has a
soil profile type Sc and it falls in zone 4 having Z= 0.4. The seismic response
coefficient are Ca= 0.40Na and Cv= 0.56Nv.
7.0
LIMITATIONS
are commonly encountered and the owner/clients must be aware of it. Perched
aquifers, soft deposits, hard layers, or cavities are examples of unforeseen
soil/rock conditions that may occur on confined areas. These may require
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We do not secure the performance of the project in any aspect other than our
engineering specialty. The conclusions and recommendations rendered meet the
standards and care of our profession. We request to be immediately noticed if:
during the construction the soil conditions vary from that of the report or some
differences occur in location or design features as we comprehend it and as stated
in the test borings. Please do reach us on the contact number provided on the first
page of this report or come through our office stated below to immediately apply
changes and corrections.
8.0
REFERENCE
Prepared by:
Camille Angelie J. Soribello
Civil/Geotechnical Engineer
PRC No.: 0927995
PTR No.: 022729
SEPTEMBER 27, 2014
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