Ligaya ng Pagiging Lugami:

Nobela at Pagsasabansa
- Nobela na ang makabagong Epiko
- Artipisyal ang konstruksyon ng anu mang epikong lumalabas ngayon
- Nobela vs Epiko
High Rereadability (Nobela) : Low Rereadabilty (Epiko)
Dynamic Characters (Nobela) : Static Characters (Epiko)
Societal Problem (Nobela) : Personal Problem (Epiko)
- Nobela vs Pelikula
No Time Limit (Nobela) : Has Time Limit (Pelikula)
Low Weight of Production (Nobela) : High Weight of Production (Pelikula)
Deeper and Imaginative Audience Reception (Nobela) : Shallow and Multimedia Audience Reception (Pelikula)
- Social Class with Access to Novels
Educated Class : must have the required knowledge and skill to fully appreciate the texts and its elements
Leisure Class : must have the freedom of time to devote into long readings
Reading novels is an acquired taste
- Epekto ng Pagiging Serial ng Pagbabasa ng Nobela
Author is now limited by having the readership and market in mind
Stories are either prolonged or shortened to maximize profits
Allows more people to have access to these books; increase in readership
- Transition from Novel to Movie
Comics as the transitional device
Visual aid in forms of drawings
Presence of Dialogue or sound effects to fill in for orality

- Ethos and Ethical Positioning

Nobela as an instrument of pedagogy

People/Students are just forced to read these texts

The act now becomes a form of work more than a form of leisure or enjoyment
Ethical Positioning
Reading is based on the synergy of the readers own emotions and thoughts to the characters own.

- Heteroglosia by Mikhail Bakhtim

Defined as the presence of multiple voices and perspectives of different characters in one story
Reader becomes exposed to more perspectives and ideas
- Chronotype by Mikhail Bakhtim
Defined as the spatial and temporal relations in a story
Events and physical space change the further you go into the novel
Changes in time/event can denote a change in space; change in space can denote change in time
- Posibility and Imposibities in Changing Society
Novels show the vision of changed society but not the methods to achieve it
Pessimistic and gives no direct solution to the roots of the problem