BIOMOTECUTES

Mrs Maya Reghuraian

Itllhat are prdeins?
Proteim are the building blocks of body which are made up

of

alpha aminoacids-

What are cssertial and non- esential aminoacids?

Aminoacids which can be synthesized in our body are called non-essential aminoacids. Yhere ere ten
aminoacids which can be synthesized in our body.Eg : Valine,Leucine.
Aminoacids which cannot be synthesized in our body are called essential aminoacids.These arninoacids
should be supplied through diet. Eg: Glycene,Alanine.

and

polyBeptidcs
Peptides are amides formed by the condensation of amino group one aminoacids with earbory group of
different aminoacid or same arninoacid. The linkage formed between two aminoacids are called pepide
linkage or peptide bond
Peptides

When large number of aminoacids are joined together by peptide bonds ,potyamides are formed and
these are called polypep'tldes. Eg: proteins

lllhar are mitter ions?

Amino acids exist as dipolar ions forming an internal salt likestructure are calledzwitter ions.

lsoelectric point of aminoacids or tsoelectic pH

The pH at which there is no migration of aminoacids underthe influence of an applied field iscalled
isoelectric pH

Fibrous

ald Globular Prcteins

Fibrous Proteins
Linear thread like molecules which lie side by
sideto form fibres
Potypeptide chains are held tqether by
hydrogen bonds and disulphide bonds
lnsoluble in water
lntermolecular forces are stronger
Eg:(eratin in skin hair,silk collagen

Glohular proteins
Polypeptide chains arefolded around to
spheridalshape.
lnteract strongly with polar rnolecul6
Water soluble
Sensitive to temperature and pH
Eg:l nsulin,haemoglobin