Index

Acknowledgement
Certificate
Introduction
AIM
Apparatus
Chemicals Required
Test for Carbonate
Test for Calcium
Test for Phosphate
Test for Acetate
Test for Magnesium
Conclusion
Bibliography

Acknowledgement
I would like to express my sincerest thanks and deep sense
of gratitude to my chemistry teacher Mrs. Poonam Sharma.
She has always been helpful to me and also acted as my
project guide with her able guidance throughout the
duration of my project work despite our busy schedule.
She was always there for me whenever I needed her help.
Then I would like to thank the laboratory assistant of
chemistry lab for his assistance and co-operation.
Finally I would like to thank my parents and my friends
without whom I would not been able to complete my
project.
ANURAG MEHRA
XII- A

Certificate
This is to clarify that the project report on the topic presence of
ions in toothpaste submitted by Anurag Mehra of XII- A of
St. Marys Christian School is an original one authentic and is
done in fulfillment of C.B.S.E SYLLABUS for all India senior
school secondary examination to be held in the year 2015-16.

Signature of Subject Teacher ___________

Signature of Examiner _______________

Introduction
Every toothpaste contains the following ingredients:
Binders, abrasives, flavors, sweeteners, fluorides, tooth
whiteners, a preservative and water. Binders thicken
toothpaste- they prevent separation of the solid and
liquid component, especially storage. They also effect
the speed and volume of foam production, rate of flavor
release and product dispersal, the appearance of
toothpaste ribbon on the toothbrush. Some binders are
gum methyl cellulose, carrageen and magnesium
aluminum silicate.

AIM
TO CHECK THE IONS PRESENT IN THE TOOTH
PASTE OF VARIOUS BRANDS.

Apparatus and
Chemicals Required
Test Tubes
Test Tube Holder
Glass Rod
Lime water [Ca(OH)2]
Dilute H2SO4
Ammonium Oxalate [(NH4)2C2O4]
Dilute and Conc. HNO3
Ammonium Molybdate
Ferric chloride [FeCl3]
Disodium Hydrogen Phosphate
Ammonium Chloride [NH4Cl]
Ammonium Hydroxide [NH4OH]

Test for
Carbonate
Experiment
Add dilute H2SO4 to test tube containing toothpaste.
Pass the evolved gas through lime water. It will turn
milky.

S.N Name of the

o
toothpaste
1.
Pepsodent
2.

Colgate

3.

Close Up

Conclusion
CO32present
CO32present
CO32present

Chemical Reaction
Involved
CO32- + H2SO4 (aq) CO2(g) + SO42-(aq) +
H2O (l)

CO2(g) + Ca(OH)2(aq) CaCO3(g) + H2O (l)

Calcium Hydroxide
(Lime water)

Calcium Carbonate
(White ppt.)

Test for
Calcium
Experiment
To 1 ml of O.S. directly add 1 ml of ammonium
oxalate solution. Add a little ammonium hydroxide
and scratch the sides. White precipitate will appear.

S.No Name of the

toothpaste
1.
Pepsodent
2.

Colgate

3.

Close Up

Conclusion
Ca2+confir
med
Ca2+confir
med
Ca2+confir
med

Chemical Reaction
Involved
Ca2+ (aq) + (NH4)2C2O4 (aq) CaC2O4 (s) +
2NH4+(aq)
Calcium ions

Ammonium oxalate

Calcium oxalate

Ammonium ions
(White ppt.)

Test for
Phosphate
Experiment
To 2-3 ml of O.S. directly add excess dilute HNO3. To
this, add 1-2 ml of concentrate HNO3 andthen 3-4 ml
of ammonium molybdate reagent and then keep it
aside for 5 minute. Canary yellow crystalline
precipitate will form.

S.No Name of the

toothpaste

Conclusion

1.

Pepsodent

2.

Colgate

3.

Close Up

PO43present
PO43present
PO43present

Chemical Reaction
Involved
PO43- + 12 MoO42- + 24H+ (PMo12O40)3- +
12H2O (l)
Molybdate ion

Phospho molybdate ions

Canary yellow

Test for
Acetate
Experiment
To 1 ml of O.S. directly add HCl drop wise. Wait till
effervescence stops. Add freshly prepared
FeCl3solution. Brick red color will appear.

S.No Name of
the
toothpaste
1.
Pepsodent
2.
Colgate
3.
Close Up

Conclusion

CH3COO-absent
CH3COO- absent
CH3COO- absent

Chemical Reaction
Involved
3CH3COO-(aq) + FeCl3(aq)
Fe(CH3COO)3(aq) + 3ClAcetate ion

Ferric chloride

Ferric acetate (Red

colour)

Test for
Magnesium
Experiment

To 1 ml of original solution (which is concentrated

by heating) add NH4Cl and NH4OH in excess
followed by disodium hydrogen phosphate. Scratch
the inside test tube with glass rod. White crystalline
precipitate will appear.

S.No Name of the

toothpaste
1.
Pepsodent
2.

Colgate

3.

Close Up

Conclusion
Mg2+
present
Mg2+
present
Mg2+
present

Chemical Reaction
Involved
Mg2+ + HPO42-(aq) +NH4+
(aq)Mg(NH4)PO4(s) + H+(aq)
Hydrogen
Phosphate ions

Magnesium ammonium
phosphate
(Crystalline white

ppt)

Conclusion
Hence after testing different samples of
toothpaste, we find that Colgate, Pepsodent
and Close Up has necessary ingredients for
making teeth stronger and whiter.

Bibliography
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Britannica encyclopedia
NCERT chemistry
Google
Chemistry today
Wikipedia