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Diagram (a) shows plane water waves.

Diagram (b) shows a graph of displacement against distance of the water waves.
The particles oscillate in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the wave propagation
(A) Based on the characteristic given above, give the name of the form of the wave.
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(B) State physical quantity which is represented by X and Y
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(C) If the water waves take 2 s to make one complete oscillation, calculate:
(I) The frequency of the waves.
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(II) The distance moved by one of the crest of the wave in one second.
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Diagram (a) shows plane waves approaching two straight barriers in a ripple tank.
(a) Name the phenomenon which occurs as the plane waves pass through the gap.
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(b)

Complete the following table to show the changes in the properties of the waves after they pass through the gap. Use the
words increases, decreases or remains the same.

(c)

Diagram (b) shows the same waves passing through another gaps formed by two straight barriers. The width of the gap is
narrower than the one in Diagram (a) Complete Diagram (b) to show pattern of the waves after they pass through the gap.

2.
Diagram (a) shows the arrangement of apparatus to determine the wavelength of red light. A red filter is used to produce a
monochromatic light in red.
Diagram (b) shows the pattern of the fringes formed on the screen.
(a) What is meant by monochromatic light?
_______________________________________________________________________________________________
(b) Two phenomena of light waves are involved in the production of the fringes. Name phenomena.
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(C) Underline the correct answer in the bracket to complete the statements below.
(i) Dark fringes are formed on the screen due to the (constructive, destructive) interference of light waves.
(ii)

Bright fringes are formed on the screen due to the (constructive, destructive) interference of light waves.

(c) Describe the changes that will be observed on the screen if

(i)

The red filter is replaced with a blue filter.


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(ii)

the screen is placed further away from the double slits


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Diagram above shows the electromagnetic spectrum


(a) What are the radiations indicated by the regions Y and Y?
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(b) Which has the longer wavelength, visible light or radio waves?

______________________________________________________________________
(c) Give the name of the wave which has the highest frequency.

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(d) Which type of radiation is used
(i)
To detect leakage in underground pipes?

_______________________________________________
(ii) For photography?

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3.

Diagram (a) shows a fishing boat use the pulses of sonar to detect a shoal of fish.
Diagram (b) shows a bat uses ultrasound to navigate in the dark.
(a) What is meant by ultrasound?
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(b) Observe Diagram (a) and Diagram (b), identify the similarities of the waves used. Compare the work principles used and
deduce a relevant physics concept.

(c) Using suitable diagrams, state the relationship between


The loudness of a sound with the amplitude of the sound wave.

(i)

(ii)

The pitch of a sound with the frequency of the sound wave.

(d) At an engineer, you are asked to set up a public address system for a concert hall. Using relevant physics concepts
suggest and explain the design and modification that can be made to produce a loud and clear sound.
Your suggestions should include the following aspects:

(i)

The suitability of the interior design to reduce the effects of echoes.


(ii)

4.

The arrangement of the speakers

An experiment is conducted Interference of sound waves, by using two coherent sound waves to investigate the

Two speakers are supplied with one signal generator to produce a steady coherent sound wave as shown in Diagram x is the
separation between two successive loud sounds. The corresponding values of x are recorded at a fixed distance, D from the
coherent sources. The results of the experiment are shown in the graph of x against D as shown in Diagram.

(a) Based on the graph in Diagram, state the relationship between x and D.
____________________________________________________________________________________________

(b) From the graph in Diagram, determine x when D is 3.0 m.

(i)

Calculate the gradient of the graph.

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(II) The relationship between x and D is given by the equation

If a = 0.4m find the wavelength by using the value of the gradient obtained

(c) State one precaution which should be taken in this experiment

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