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CompetitiveExams:NationalMovementofIndia19201930Examrace

SSCCGL:NationalMovementofIndia19201930
NationalMovementofIndia:1920to1930
ChauriChauraIncident(1922)
AmobofpeopleatChauriChaura(nearGorakhpur)clashedwithpoliceandburnt22
policemenonFebruary5,1922.
ThiscompelledGandhijitowithdrawtheNonCooperationmovementonFeb.12,1922.

SimonCommission(1927)
ConstitutedunderJohnSimon,toreviewthepoliticalsituationinIndiaandtointroduce
furtherreformsandextensionofparliamentarydemocracy.
Indianleadersopposedthecommission,astherewerenoIndiansinit.
TheGovernmentusedbrutalrepressionandpoliceattackstobreakthepopularopposition.
AtLahore,LalaLajpatRaiwasseverelybeateninalathicharge.Hesuccumbedtohis
injuriesonOct.30,1928.

LahoreSession(1929)
OnDec.19,1929underthePresidentshipofJ.L.Nehru,theINC,atitsLahoreSession,
declaredPoornaSwaraj(Completeindependence)asitsultimategoal.
OnDec.31,1929,thenewlyadoptedtricolourflagwasunfurledandan.26,1930wasfixed
astheFirstIndependenceDay,wastobecelebratedeveryyear.

RevolutionaryActivities
ThefirstpoliticalmurderofaEuropeanwascommittedin1897atPoonabytheChapekar
brothers,DamodarandBalkishan.TheirtargetwasMr.Rand,PresidentofthePlague
Commission,butLt.Ayerstwasaccidentallyshot.
In1907,MadamBhikaijiCama,aParsirevolutionaryunfurledtheflagofIndiaatStuttgart
Congress(ofSecondinternational).
In1908,KhudiramBoseandPrafullachakithrewabombonthecarriageofkingford,the
unpopularjudgeofMuzaffapur.Khudiram,KanhaiyalalDuttandSatyendranathBosewere
hanged(AlipurCase).
In1909,MLDhingrashotdeadCol.WilliamCurzonWhyllie,thepoliticaladvisorofIndia
OfficeinLondon.
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CompetitiveExams:NationalMovementofIndia19201930Examrace

In1912,RasbihariBoseandSachindraNathSanyalthrewabombandLordHardingeat
Delhi(DelhiConspiracyCase).
InOct,1924,ameetingofrevolutionariesfromallpartsofIndiawascalledatKanpur.They
setupHindustanSocialistRepublicAssociation/Army(HSRA).
TheycarriedoutadacoityontheKakoriboundtrainontheSaharanpurLucknowrailway
lineonAug.9,1925.
BhagatSingh,withhiscolleagues,shotdeadSaunders(Asst.S.P.OfLahore,whoordered
lathichargeonLalaLajpatRai)onDec.17,1928.
ThenBhagatSinghandBatukeshwarDuttthrewabombintheCentralAssemblyonApr8,
1929.Thus,he,RajguruandSukhdevwerehangedonMarch.23,1931atLahoreJall
(LahoreConspiracyCase)andtheirbodiescrematedatHussainiwalanearFerozepur.
In1929onlyJatinDasdiedinLahorejailafter63daysfasttoprotestagainsthorrible
conditionsinjail.
SuryaSen,arevolutionaryofBengal,formedtheIndianRepublicArmyinBengal.In1930,
hemastermindedtheraidonChittagongarmoury.Hewashangedin1933.
In1931,ChandrashekharAzadshothimselfatAlfredParkinAllahabad.

DandiMarch(1930)
AlsocalledtheSaltSatyagraha.
Alongwith78followers,GandhijistartedhismarchfromSabarmatiAshramonMarch12,
1930forthesmallvillageDandhitobreakthesaltlaw.
HereachedtheseashoreonApr.6,1930.
HepickedahandfulofsaltandinauguratedtheCivilDisobedienceMovement.

FirstRoundTableconference(1930)
ItwasthefirstconferencearrangedbetweentheBritishandIndiansasequals.Itwasheld
onNov.12,1930inLondontodiscussSimoncommission.
BoycottedbyINC,MuslimLeague,HinduMahasabha,Liberalsandsomeotherswere
there.

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