Era leleg Mary Jones and Geoff Jones Cambridge IGCSE® Biology Coursebook Third editionIm this chapter, you will find out about: a balanced diet ures and thelr sources that deerent people need arent amounts of energy in tei it hy we need te dgetthe food that we eat teeth the structure ofthe alinentary cal andthe tuncons of acho its ars how diested foods absorbed and asimite. Stomach acid Fiure7L va photorshkenthroughan adoscpe showing theinside of peso somach Anendicrpe ira be hatca de vale. Light ‘shone down the tubes hat docters an ve he fom ning inept pt ox hatyoueattraes long tae along which the shes you sallow You cane thatthe stomach has say fois nade he cll covering tes folds secrete enymesand hyérociloie as. Both of these subseanes bp gestion ~ the baktown of your food iw sll molecule. Theses moles themhave ttre though the wllsof the digestive system oe i the bod whieh deliwes them to sy of ar cel hat eed them “The bdtechlceaeidin your toms bs smold”-Ityou dipped a HeceofMuclizaspaper ino i would tc ght ‘onceraten cabot tle the mayer foe p ron rpolecues in ourfocd (denature the), aking ‘tear forenzymesto igen them by chpingup irlong ch of aminoacids And it dso destoyt any ofthe bacratha fe peeientin cur 0d, somrach Tk lb eps to una reducing the chance of hetebreding imide ad rang ei The stomach dest scr acd al the time Aci secretions srithedon whes we see sell or tate food The brain acto hese tu by sending impulsesalong nerves othe aig-ectetig cll ‘Ge stomach wall svachng thereon. One te fad a movant the stonnch, eo the wal the digesive sem, tid vcretion sop7.1 Diet Animals thei fod from oter organs fram Plant other animals They cannot makethelr ovn Food as plants do ‘The food an animal etsevery day incall is dit ‘Moet animals reedaeven types of trent in their dit. ‘These we 4 cabohydeates 4 prowine hs # vane + fore 4 det which corti llth things a the coc vants ad proportions cle baimot oet Energy nowde Every diya peron ses upene:Theamount you se paly depends om how ald ro at, which x you ue and what job you do A ew examples te shown in ure 72. The eciy you we each day comes fom thefoad oven Ifyou et o0 much food, seme ofthe eta wl probably bestord sf. yout mo litle you may ot beable w obtain as mach every as you need. his willnake you feel teed Jost ar we ° okag aerge erage aa ged male ee ale Fw? Oise rin ‘emule onsen sea Allfood cee sme energy Selentitskave worked out how such energy thre in parcalar nds of food You ca look wp thi informatio, A ‘amples ate give in Tale 7, You may settee us guamof Bt eotaine dot tice u much eure ‘oe gamol protein oe caholye page 47). Ta ‘wi ed oods shouldbe avoided ifyou are woried stout puting on weight. ‘A person’ dit may ned to changeat ferent ofthese. For esample soma wl ied meat Iie more ead day when shee prgoant and make ‘tee that heb exten calm adjoin herd hp to build ter babys bones teh and Hood She alo ntedo cut more while se isbrest feng. Mow people find tht hey needa et ss as they eh 2s and as, because tr melas slows cow, Nutrients Aswel asprosidag you with ents. fond i eee formany othe reson. Te mike surethat you cata laced cet you must ext fonds comtaining Cabobydne at and prot. Youalse ned exh 4nd of vista and manera, tbreand water: These subotances areca nutrients If jour dict doesn, contain allo these naterts yoarhody wl moth to work pope Thestructures ef moleales of eubehyerates, ate and proteins and theiruss in the bod ae deceBed insectons 420 44, on pagel Wo 6, Figures 73,7 Sand 7.4 show fod that are good soutes these Vitamins ‘Vitae areongnie substances which are only es intny amouss. Fypa donot hav enough ita you may get adefciescy dss, Table 7.2.0n page 76 ‘Provides infomation abet wtamins Cand D. Minerale Minerals are norganc substances Once again. oly soall amount ofthe ar necded inthe det. Table 7 ‘ot page 76 shows two ofthe most important ones Fore Flee hal okey the allnestar canal working propery Food movsthnoogh the amenity caal (gage 32) ecausethe moices conti and ela 0