Alicia and Jack

Mrs. Lewis
Stats
12/9/2015
Stats Chapter 5 Project
Rolling Two Dice
1. Sample space of rolling two dice:

1: 1,1

1,2

1,3

1,4

1,5

1,6

2: 2,1

2,2

2,3

2,4

2,5

2,6

3: 3,1

3,1

3,3

3,4

3,5

3,6

4: 4,1

4,2

4,3

4,4

4,5

4,6

5: 5,1

5,2

5,3

5,4

5,5

5,6

6: 6,1

6,2

6,3

6,4

6,5

6,6

2. Simple Event A:
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

A= rolling a 3
P(A)= 1/6
P(A) tells us: that there is a one in six chance of rolling a three
Ac= not rolling a 3
P(Ac)= 5/6
true about P(A) and P(Ac): if you add P(A) and P(Ac) it equals one
3. Simple Event B:

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.

B= rolling a 5
P(B)= 1/6
P(B) tells us: that we have a one in six chance of rolling a five
Bc= not rolling a 5
P(Bc)= 5/6
true about P(B) and P(Bc): if you add P(B) and P(Bc) it equals one
4. A and B as a compound event

a. independant- one event does not affect the outcome of another event. dependant- one event does affect
the outcome of another
b. our two events are independent
c. the outcome of one dice does not affect the outcome of another

d.
e.
f.
g.

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.

P(A and B)= 1/6

the probability formula for an independent event is P(A) x P(B)
it means that
it means that you need to take the probability of b of a and a of b rather than just multiplying both
probabilities
5. Compound Event
mutually exclusive- if two events cannot occur together
our events are not mutually exclusive
you can roll a 3 on one dice and a 5 on another at the same time
P(A or B)= 2/6
we used the rule for mutually exclusive events
it means that we now have a 2/6 chance

1. The Multiplication Rule of Counting: This rule in probability states that states one event can occur m
ways and another event can occur in n ways, then the number of ways both events can occur is NxM. This
can be used to find the total outcome of two events. For example, for our scenario we have two separate
dice, to find the total number of outcome between the two dice, we multiply the highest number on each
dice to one another (6x6), and find your total answer (36).
2. Permutation: A permutation is an arrangement of objects, where the arrangement matters. Where a
combination is a the act of selecting items from a collection, and where the order doesn't matter. For
example, this can be used to find the combination of how eight people can fit into five chairs. Calculating
a permutation can be done by using a number's factorial, or through the counting rule for permutations,
where Pnr equals the order n factorial divided by n-r factorial. For example, if we used our example of
arranging eight people into five chairs. We would divide 8! by (8-5)! to get our permutation answer of
6720.
3. Combination: Unlike a permutation, a combination is a certain number of ways something can be
arranged used for selecting items from a collection, where the order doesn't make a difference. For
example, a combination can be used to determine how many grouping four books of list a book of ten can
be arranged into. To calculate this, we use the formula Cnr, where we take the number n factorial, then
divide that by r! multiplied by (n-r)!. You can also plug this into your calculator to get your answer.

Our project is over the probability of rolling two dice and getting a 3 the first time and a 5
the next. Our sample space is all of the outcomes possible when rolling two dice.
For our first event we found that the there was a 16.6% chance that we would roll a 3.
This tells us that there is a one in six chance of this event occurring. However, there is a 83.4%
chance of NOT rolling a 3. This shows that the compliment of rolling a 3 is a five in six chance,
which is much more likely. Overall, we found that the probabilities of A (rolling a 3) and
compliment of A (not rolling a 3) add up to 1.

In our second simple event we found that there was a 16.6% chance that we would roll a
5. This tells us that there is a one in six chance of this simple event happening. This means that
the chances of not rolling a 5 is 83.4%. This shows that the compliment of rolling a 5 is a five in
six chance. All together, we found that if you were to add the probabilities of B (rolling a 5) and
compliment of B (not rolling a 5) it would add up to 100%.
We also found that our events are independent events, which mean that one event does
not affect the outcome of the other. These simple events are independent because the outcome of
one dice is not changed by the outcome of the other. The formula we used to find our
probabilities was P(A and B), which equalled 1/6. The probability formula for an independent
event is P(A)xP(B). This means that you need to take the probability of both A and B rather than
just multiplying both probabilities. If we had not had an independent event it would have been
dependent, or when one event does affect the outcome of another.
Mutually exclusive is when two events cannot occur together. We found that our events
are not mutually exclusive, this is because a 3 can show on one dice and a 5 on the other. We
used the rule for mutually exclusive events, which is P(A or B) and found that is was a 2/6
probability. This means that there is a 2/6 chance of us rolling both a 3 and a 5.
The Multiplication Rule of Counting is a rule in probability that states that one event can
occur m ways and another event can occur in n ways, then the number of ways both events can
occur is NxM. This can be used to find the total outcome of two events. For example, for our
scenario we have two separate dice, to find the total number of outcome between the two dice,
we multiply the highest number on each dice to one another (6x6), and find your total answer
(36).
A permutation is an arrangement of objects, where the arrangement matters. Where a
combination is a the act of selecting items from a collection, and where the order doesn't matter.
For example, this can be used to find the combination of how eight people can fit into five chairs.
Calculating a permutation can be done by using a number's factorial, or through the counting rule
for permutations, where Pnr equals the order n factorial divided by n-r factorial. For example, if
we used our example of arranging eight people into five chairs. We would divide 8! by (8-5)! to
get our permutation answer of 6720.
Unlike a permutation, a combination is a certain number of ways something can be
arranged used for selecting items from a collection, where the order doesn't make a difference.