Composition Hv (kJ/mol)

Butane
22.4
Pentane
25.8
Hexane
28.9
Heptane
31.8
Octane
34.4
Nonane
36.9
Decane
38.8
undecane
41.5
dodecane
44.5
tridecane
45.7
tetradecane
47.6
pentadecane
49.5

MW (kg/kmol)
58.122
72.149
86.175
100.202
114.229
128.255
142.282
156.308
170.335
184.361
198.388
212.415
Gasoline Hv
Diesel Hv
Gasoline Hv (Latent)
Diesel Hv (Latent)

DISTILLATION EXTERNAL ENERGY BALANCE

Conversion (kJ/kg)
0.385396236 385.396235505
0.357593314 357.593313837
0.335364085 335.364084711
0.317358935 317.358934951
0.301149445 301.149445412
0.287708082 287.708081556
0.272697882 272.697881672
0.265501446 265.501445863
0.26124989 261.249889923
0.247883229 247.883229099
0.239933867 239.933866968
0.23303439 233.034390227
309.3354793
253.3834506
4.32E+04
4.29E+04

Gasoline
Diesel

Gasoline
Diesel

Gasoline
Diesel

mass
1520.92
506.97
2027.89

Feed
Hv (kJ/kg)
4.32E+04
4.29E+04

Distillate
mass
Hv (kJ/kg)
1515.95 4.32E+04
15.31
4.29E+04
1531.26
Bottom
mass
Hv (kJ/kg)
4.97
4.32E+04
491.66
4.29E+04
496.63

GY BALANCE

eed
Qf(kJ/hr)
65703744
21749013
87452757

tillate
Qc(kJ/hr)
65489040
656799
66145839.00

ttom
Qr(kJ/hr)
214704
21092214
21306918

MASS BALANCE (kg)

ENERGY BALANCE (kJ/hr)

FEED
2027.89
87452757.00

DISTILLATE
1531.26
66145839.00

BOTTOM
496.63
21306918

Efficiency
CONDENSER
79.48% 1405.863

Mass in
Mass out

1768.7300
1768.73
DISTILLATION
C4+

kg/hr
442.1825 Diesel
1326.548 Gasoline

1768.73
wt%
25%
75%

RE
BOI
LER

25.78% 455.9579

STORA
GE
TANK

95%

ENSER

RE
FL
UX
DR
UM

kg/hr
1335.57 Gasoline
Diesel

Goal
Wt%

kg/hr
99%
1322.21
1%
13.36

STOR
AGE
TANK

70.29316

22.79789

RE
BOI
LER

Ef

95%

kg/hr
433.16 Diesel
Gasoline

Wt%

kg/hr
99%
428.83
1%
4.33

Capacity

75.51%

24.49%

Composition
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
Nonane
Decane
undecane
dodecane
tridecane
tetradecane
pentadecane

C1
66.343
78.741
104.65
87.829
96.084
109.35
112.73
131
137.47
137.45
140.47
135.57

C2
-4363.2
-5420.3
-6995.5
-6996.4
-7900.2
-9030.4
-9749.6
-11143
-11976
-12549
-13231
-13478

C3
-7.046
-8.8253
-12.702
-9.8802
-11.003
-12.882
-13.245
-15.855
-16.698
-16.543
-16.859
-16.022

C4
9.45E-06
9.62E-06
1.24E-05
7.21E-06
7.18E-06
7.85E-06
7.13E-06
8.19E-06
8.09E-06
7.13E-06
6.59E-06
5.61E-06

Boiling Point and Dew Point Calcul

C5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

Formula: ln P = C1+C2/T +C3lnT +C4T^C5

BP
VP
272.65
1.5074274316035E+01
309.15
1.4238730474521E+01
342.15
1.3470117634376E+01
371.15
1.2781025829359E+01
398.15
1.2098764109567E+01
424.15
1.1445039717356E+01
447.15
1.0793679233500E+01
469.15
1.0170063790118E+01
489.15
9.5498155738032E+00
507.15
8.9340563532706E+00
526.65
8.3283686292148E+00
540.15
7.7261331403690E+00

3521065.906334
1526870.043049
707942.1316488
355409.466083
179649.6976538
93436.7221163
48711.92928051
26109.74225444
14042.10470072
7585.974442974
4139.658722384
2266.819757682

and Dew Point Calculation

Mole fraction Composition
0.8511
Gasoline
0.1489
Diesel

RV
Reflux ratio

41.956543265
0.0526315902

Pressure
101325
101325

VP
K
y
x
719248.64 7.0984322 6.0414756 0.1198997
17142.70 0.1691853 0.0251917 0.8800999
Summation: 6.0666673
1

Assumed Temp =

420.77746

Bubble Point:
Dew Point:

336.6803
420.77746

Composition
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
Nonane
Decane
undecane
dodecane
tridecane
tetradecane
pentadecane

C1
66.343
78.741
104.65
87.829
96.084
109.35
112.73
131
137.47
137.45
140.47
135.57

C2
-4363.2
-5420.3
-6995.5
-6996.4
-7900.2
-9030.4
-9749.6
-11143
-11976
-12549
-13231
-13478

C3
-7.046
-8.8253
-12.702
-9.8802
-11.003
-12.882
-13.245
-15.855
-16.698
-16.543
-16.859
-16.022

C4
9.45E-06
9.62E-06
1.24E-05
7.21E-06
7.18E-06
7.85E-06
7.13E-06
8.19E-06
8.09E-06
7.13E-06
6.59E-06
5.61E-06

Boiling Point and Dew Point Calcul

C5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

Formula: ln P = C1+C2/T +C3lnT +C4T^C5

BP
VP
272.65
1.3840785907228E+01
309.15
1.2829223280449E+01
342.15
1.1880357634370E+01
371.15
1.0969561777011E+01
398.15
1.0076555726946E+01
424.15
9.2048017281362E+00
447.15
8.3302230561630E+00
469.15
7.4768328091644E+00
489.15
6.6326349252344E+00
507.15
5.7818231036398E+00
526.65
4.9517543076414E+00
540.15
4.1435205730328E+00

1025597.47916
372958.8162936
144402.1846339
58079.13621231
23778.94316184
9944.766661692
4147.342539412
1766.636630572
759.4807113743
324.3499753431
141.4228456063
63.0243130286

and Dew Point Calculation

Mole fraction Composition
0.9947
Gasoline
0.0053
Diesel

RV
Reflux ratio

151.93707403
0.0526315902

Pressure
101325
101325

VP
K
y
x
182381.643 1.7999669 1.7904270435 0.5526213
1200.38 0.0118468 0.000062788 0.4473785
Summation: 1.7904898315
1

Assumed Temp =

353.719114

Bubble Point:
Dew Point:

330.878713
353.719114

Average VP = 91791.01

Composition
Butane
Pentane
Hexane
Heptane
Octane
Nonane
Decane
undecane
dodecane
tridecane
tetradecane
pentadecane

C1
66.343
78.741
104.65
87.829
96.084
109.35
112.73
131
137.47
137.45
140.47
135.57

C2
-4363.2
-5420.3
-6995.5
-6996.4
-7900.2
-9030.4
-9749.6
-11143
-11976
-12549
-13231
-13478

C3
-7.046
-8.8253
-12.702
-9.8802
-11.003
-12.882
-13.245
-15.855
-16.698
-16.543
-16.859
-16.022

C4
9.45E-06
9.62E-06
1.24E-05
7.21E-06
7.18E-06
7.85E-06
7.13E-06
8.19E-06
8.09E-06
7.13E-06
6.59E-06
5.61E-06

Boiling Point and Dew Point Calcul

C5
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2

Formula: ln P = C1+C2/T +C3lnT +C4T^C5

BP
VP
272.65
1.5815259308837E+01
309.15
1.5054960744534E+01
342.15
1.4372896793297E+01
371.15
1.3771135863662E+01
398.15
1.3190767775458E+01
424.15
1.2642607769092E+01
447.15
1.2100824425416E+01
469.15
1.1584348375864E+01
489.15
1.1076710151097E+01
507.15
1.0581451985878E+01
526.65
1.0089686140510E+01
540.15
9.6017304639478E+00

7387199.838239
3453714.04428
1746102.629256
956595.4594454
535399.1248304
309467.3179022
180020.2143328
107403.5351085
64647.85151558
39397.27718341
24093.2293581
14790.35360714

and Dew Point Calculation

Mole fraction Composition
0.0189
Gasoline
0.9811
Diesel

RV
Reflux ratio

22.834848715
0.0526315902

Pressure
101325
101325

VP
K
y
x
1637839 16.164213 0.3055036273 0.0011692
71725.41 0.7078748 0.6944959283 1.3859796
Summation: 0.9999995555 1.3871489

Assumed Temp =

471.47684

Bubble Point:
Dew Point:

471.47684
485.16348

Average VP = 854782.15

Component
Gasoline
Diesel
Total

Mass (kg)
4.33
428.83
433.16

Number of Trays:
Height of the Column (m):

MW (kg/kgmol)
105
200

5
3.35

n (kgmol)
0.0412
2.1442
2.19

Mole Fraction
0.0189
0.9811
1.0000

INPUT
Temperature (K)
Pressure (Pa)
Component
1 CO2
2 CO
3 H2O
4 C1
5 C2
6 C3
7 C4
8 C5
9 C6
10 C7
11 C8
12 C9
13 C10
14 C11
15 C12
16 C13
17 C14
18 C15

MW Gasoline (kg/kmol)
336.7
2300000 MW Diesel (kg/kmol)
MW
44.01
28.01
18.015
16.042
30.069
44.096
58.122
72.149
86.175
100.202
114.229
128.255
142.282
156.308
170.335
184.361
198.388
212.415

Tc
304.21
132.92
647.096
190.564
305.32
369.83
425.12
469.7
507.6
540.2
568.7
594.6
617.7
639
658
675
693
708

UT
105

Gas Law
Constant
(Pa.m3/Kmol.K

8314

Tr

200

Pc
7.383
3.499
22.064
4.599
4.872
4.248
3.796
3.37
3.025
2.74
2.49
2.29
2.11
1.95
1.82
1.68
1.57
1.48

0.2236
0.0482
0.3449
0.0115
0.0995
0.1523
0.2002
0.2515
0.7299
0.3495
0.3996
0.4435
0.4923
0.5303
0.5764
0.6174
0.643
0.6863

Pr

1.1068012 311526.48
2.5331026 657330.67
0.5203247 104242.2
1.7668605 500108.72
1.1027774 472085.39
0.9104183 541431.26
0.7920117 605900.95
0.7168405 682492.58
0.6633176 760330.58
0.6232877 839416.06
0.592052 923694.78
0.566263 1004367
0.5450866 1090047
0.5269171 1179487
0.5117021 1263736
0.4988148 1369048
0.4858586 1464968
0.475565 1554054
Average Density

Density
36.159804
23.013772
14.80161
13.18054
24.705502
36.230464

24.68195

Density (PM/RT)

86.2708344065

Density Perry (mol/dm3)

at 353.7191143
Distillate

8.605626
7.787698333
6.973907559
6.294789317
5.709998385
5.219846433
4.799698578

Density Perry (mol/dm3)

at 471.4768363 K

500.17619437
561.87464703
600.9764839
630.75047914
652.24740552
669.47140426
682.91071307

10.91280963
3.689599437
0.7226735119
0.3318366473
0.1684927536
0.0913707151
0.0512103114

634.27432
266.20091
62.27639
33.250696
19.246759
11.718751
7.2863055

4.1355817302 704.43431401

0.4270234464 72.737039

Average Density 625.3552052

Average Density 40.01167

Density Perry (mol/dm3) at

330.8787132 K

9.153978458
8.136432256
7.238653379
6.499532175
5.878083723
5.364108043
4.926340716

532.04754
587.03545
623.79095
651.26612
671.44763
687.97368
700.92961

4.235473204 721.44933

Average Density 646.9925

DISTILLATION DE
Mole Fraction
Bottom
0.0189 Gasoline Vapor Pressure
0.9811 Diesel Vapor Pressure

637839
153725.41

Number of Trays
alphaLD
alphaLB
alphaLave
R / R + 1.00 = 1.00 / (1.00 +1.00) = 0.5

Nm/N:
NminSteps:
NtheoStages:
NtheoTrays:
Efficiency:
Actual Number of
Trays

Feed Plate Location

log (Ne/Ns)
(Ne/Ns)
Ne + Ns = Na
Feed tray is

10

Tray Spacing
R = L / D = (V - D) / D
1 = L / 12.5925

L = 12.5925 kmol
V=L+D

AT THE TOP OF THE COLU

Assume R = 1.0
L: (kmol / hr)
V: (kmol / hr)
L/V
MW of Vapor:
Vapor Mass Flow
Rate
Temp (Dew Point)
(K)

uc = Kv [(L - V) / V]0.5

Density (Liquid)
Density (Vapor)
Kv
Uc
Dmin
Dmin (ft)

R = L / D = (V - D) / D
L/V = 0.5

L = 2.19 kmol
V = 4.38

uc = Kv [(L - V) / V]0.5

AT THE BOTTOM OF THE CO

Assume R = 1.0
L: (kmol / hr)
V: (kmol / hr)
L/V
MW of Vapor:
Vapor Mass Flow
Rate
Temp (Bubble
Point) (K)
Density (Liquid)
Density (Vapor)
Kv
Uc
Dmin
Dmin (ft)

DISTILLATION DESIGN
Distillate
Gasoline Vapor Pressure
Diesel Vapor Pressure

201863
133360.56

Mole Fraction Mole Fraction (Feed)

0.9947
0.8511
0.0053
0.1489

= VPL / VPH

1.5136634099
4.1492099452
2.5060940274

= VPL / VPH
L, ave= (LD*Lw)^0.5
Rm / Rm + 1.00 = 0.6667 / (0.6667 + 1.00) = 0.40

0.6
9.9967270589
16.6666666667
15.6666666667
85%
18.431372549

-0.0291968608
0.9712252495
9.3613247624

10

Nm / N = (1 - 0.40)
Nm = {log [(xLDD / xHDD) (xHBB / xLBB)]} / log (L, ave)
Nm / N
NT = N - 1
Assume hydrocarbon distillation Eo = 85%. (Geankoplis, 1993).

19

Eo = Number of Ideal Trays / Number of Actual Trays

10

Ne+(Ne/0.97122525) = 19

24

in

trays from the top

Assume Tray Spacing =

AT THE TOP OF THE COLUMN
12.5925
25.185
0.5
15.987

402.632595

353.7191143
625.3552052
3.277335472
0.34
4.684258393 1.427762 m/s
1.4785606543 Dmin = [(Vapor Mass Flow Rate) (4) / () (V) (uc)] 0.5
4.8509209372 ft

THE BOTTOM OF THE COLUMN

2.19
4.38
0.5
74.0922

324.523836
471.4768363
138.3739
22.89677877
0.34
0.7635538959 0.2327312 m/s
1.4165573181
4.6474979115 ft

From Table 1 p.684 of Plant Design and Econom

Engineers by Timmerhaus:
Recommended Tray Spacing for Towers
Tower Diameter, ftTray spacing, in
6 minimum
4 or less
18 - 20 (no manways on trays)
6 - 10
24
12 - 24
36

Column Height = (Number of Plates) *

Column Height =

85%. (Geankoplis, 1993).

of Actual Trays

Plant Design and Economics for Chemical

haus:
Spacing for Towers
y spacing, in
(no manways on trays)

ht = (Number of Plates) * (Tray Spacing)

456 in
11.5824 meter