Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
1. Fatty acid oxidation provides energy under periods of stress and starvation. Which
one of the following is the primary substrate for fatty acid oxidation in the
mitochondrial matrix?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Fattyacyl carnitine.
Fattyacyl ACP.
Sphingomyelin.
Fattyacyl CoA.
Lecithin.
3. In fatty acid oxidation, the transport of fattyacyl carnitine from the intermembrane
space to the matrix is facilitated by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
4. In the fatty acids oxidation pathway of mitochondria, which of the following pair of
coenzymes are needed for oxidation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
5. Ketone bodies are an important source of energy for muscle function. Ketone bodies
are primarily produced in excess when
A.
B.
C.
D.
8. NADPH is the required reducing agent for the synthesis of fatty acid.
A. It is produced in the mitochondrial matrix from the cleavage reaction, which
utilizes citrate.
B. It is produced in a reaction in which malate is converted to pyruvate in the
cytosol.
C. It can be produced during glycolysis in the cytosol.
D. It is NADH and not NADPH, which is a required as coenzyme for fatty acid
synthesis.
9. Bicarbonate is one of the substrates essential for fatty acid synthesis. A liver extract
was incubated with acetyl CoA and 14HCO-3 and synthesized fatty acids were
extracted and analyzed for incorporated radioactivity. Which carbons of fatty acid are
likely to have radioactivity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
10. Chylomicrons
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
14.
The composition of inner mitochondrial membrane bilayer differs from many
other membranes. The distinctive feature of this bilayer is that it
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
15.
Which one of the following statements is FALSE concerning facilitated diffusion
(transport) of a molecule across a membrane
A.
B.
C.
D.
requires a transporter.
Has high degree of specificity.
Is not saturable.
Does not require energy.
linoleic acid
oleic acid
alpha linolenic acid
palmitic acid
acetic acid
COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes have two catalytic activities. One such activity is
cyclooxygenase. What is the other enzymatic activity that COX-1 and COX-2 possess?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
polymerase
phosphatase
peroxidase
phospholipase
permease
What are some possible side effects associated with general NSAIDs?
A.
B.
Possible side effects include a higher probability of developing Raynauds
syndrome and asthma.
C.
Side effects are unknown.
D.
Possible side effects include painful urination and impaired reproductive
functions.
COX-1 and COX-2 are very similar in that they both produce prostaglandins. In what
ways are they different?
A.
B.
C.
D.
7) Since carbon atoms from leucine or isoleucine can become those of acetyl-CoA (i.e., acetyl
moiety of acetyl-CoA), these carbon atoms can become those of
A) citrate as a result of the tricarboxylic acid cycle
B) pyruvate as a result of the pyruvate dehydrogenase reaction
C) glucose, as a result of acetyl-CoA entering the gluconeogenic pathway
D) glycogen as a result of gluconeogenesis followed by glycogen synthesis
E) glucose, as a result of the glycolytic pathway
12) The basis for the actions of the drug Sildenafil (Viagra) is
A) its ability to increase heart rate
B) its actions on the synthesis of tetrahydrobiopterin
C) its actions to raise blood pressure
D) its actions that increase the effectiveness of cyclic GMP
E) its ability to down regulate cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase