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A

Design of Vertical Wall at Deeper Depth


1 Geotechnical Design Data
Specific Gravity, =
Natural Moisture Content of Soil , =
Angle of Internal Friction, =
Allowable Bearing Capacity of Soil, =

2.63
2.68
8.18
17.50
30.0
38.0
220.0

2 Design Criteria
2.1 Design Loading
a The
Dead
Load densities and dead load allowances will be adopted in the design of t
following
structural elements:
Density of Reinforced Concrete =

25.0

Density of Unreinforced Concrete =

23.0

Density of Soil =

19.2

Density of Water =

10.0

Submerged Density of Concrete =

10.0

Submerged Density of Soil =

10.0

b Super Imposed Load


The following super imposed dead loads shall be taken into account:
Floor Finishes =

1.5

Services =

1.0

c Live Load
The following live loads shall be taken into account:
Loading Bay =

7.5

d Earth Pressure
For the design of earth retaining structural elements, the earth pressure will be det
Active Earth Pressure Coefficient, Ka = 0.333333
Passive Earth Pressure Coefficient, Kb =
3
Rest Pressure Coefficient, Ko =
0.5
2.2 Load Combination
Ultimate Limit State
ULS_01
1.5 DL
1.5 LL
1.5 EP
1.5 WP
1.5 T
Serviciability Limit State
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Page 1

SLS_01

1 DL
1 LL
1 EP
1 WP
1T

Legend:
DL
LL
EP
WP
T

Dead Load
Live Load
Earth Pressure
Water Pressure
Uniform Temperature

2.3 Materials

All materials shall conform to the applicable standards as stated herein or as specifi
a Concrete
The following concrete grades and properties shall be used:
M30 = All Structural Elements
M20 = Blinding/Mass Concrete

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 2

b Reinforcing Steel
The following steel grades and properties shall be used:
Yield Strength, fy =
Modulus of Elasticity, Es =

415

Earth Faces Exposure =


Exposed to Weather =

75
50

200

2.4 Concrete Cover

Crack
Control
For
retaining
aqueous liquids structures a maximum crack width of 0.20 mm shall b
calculated to BS8007.
3 Design of Vertical Wall
Maximum Water Depth, D =

3.5052

Water Pressure, Pw =

35.052
Service Moment due to Water Pressure = 1/2*Pw*D*D/3
= 71.77731
Ultimate Moment due to Water Pressure = 107.666
Maximum Wall Height, Hwall =

3.6576
Rest Earth Pressure due to Soil, Psoil = Ko*s*h
= 35.11296
Rest Earth Pressure due to Surcharge Psur =

3.75
Service Moment due to Earth Pressure = 1/2*Psoil*Hwall*Hwall/3+Psur*
= 103.3742
Ultimate Moment due to Earth Pressure = 155.061

Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ph = 0.726*(cm*Kh*w*H)*H


Rest Earth Pressure due to Soil, Psoil = 1/2*s*h
cm = Max. value of pressure co
Where,
= 0.735*(/90)
=
0.735
Kh = Fraction of Gravity adopte
=

0.1

w =

10

Therefore,
Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ph =

6.55616
Service Moment due to Hydrodynamic Pressure = 0.412*Ph*H
= 9.468029
Ultimate Moment due to Hydrodynamic Pressure =
14.202
Total Ultimate Moment due to Water Pressure = 121.868

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Page 3

Fig: Load Diagram


4 Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Section
Structural Design of Swimming Pools

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Page 4

4.1 Factored Bending Moments (KNm)


Mult =

155.061

4.2 Properties of Concrete Section & Steel


Diameter of Rebar, D =

16

Compressive Strength of Concrete, fcu =

30

Yield Strength of Steel, fy =


415
Width of Rectangular Section, b =
1000
Width of Rectangular Section, h =
450
Effective Depth to the Tension Reinforcement, d =
392
4.3 Main Renforcement
Area of Steel, Ast = 1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.
=

1141.66

Minimum Area of Steel, Ast,min = 0.12% of bD


=

900

Area of One Steel Rebar = 201.0619


No. of Rebar Required, n =
6
Spacing of Rebar, s = 166.6667
Therefore, Provide 16mm Dia Rebar @ 150mm c/c
Total Provided Area, Ast,pro = 1340.41
4.4 Horizontal Reinforcement
Height of Wall, H =
3.6576
According to IS 456:2000,
Area of Horizontal Rebar = 0.2% of hH
=
3291.84
For one face,
Area of Rebar =
Diameter of Rebar =

1645.92
12

Area of One Rebar = 113.0973


No. of Rebar, n =
16
Spacing of Rebar, s =
228.6
Therefore, Provide 12mm Dia Rebar @ 150mm c/c
4.5 Check for Depth
We have,
2
M = 0.138*fck*b*d

Therefore,
d = SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
= 193.531
4.6 Check on Crack Width
fck =

30

fy =

415

Area of Reinforcement, As = 1340.413


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Page 5

b=
h=
d=

1000
450
392

Minimum Cover to Tension Reinforcement, Cmin =

50
125

Maximum Rebar Spacing, S =


Diameter of Rebar, db =

16
acr = SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)

= 77.26576
acr is the distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudin
Applied Service Moment, Ms = 103.3742
Calculation
Permissible Compressive
Strength of Concrete in Bending =
10
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel, Es =
200
Modular Ratio, =
9.33
= As/bd
=
0.00342
Depth of Neutral Axis, x = (-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d

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Page 6

=
Z=
=
Reinforcement Stress, fs =

87.31313
d-x/3
362.8956
Ms/(As*Z)

= 212.5162
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
=

6.53
Strain at Soffit of Concrete Beam/Slab, 1 = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)
= 0.001265
Strain due to Stiffening Effect of Concrete
between Cracks, 2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for c
= 0.000537
Average strain for calculation of crack width, m = 1- 2

= 0.000728
Calculated Crack Width, w = 3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h= 0.146701

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Page 7

%
%

Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max

KN/m2

owances will be adopted in the design of the


KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3

shall be taken into account:


KN/m2
KN/m2

KN/m2

al elements, the earth pressure will be determined as follows:


(used for Check Stability)
(used for Design of Section)

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 8

ble standards as stated herein or as specified in the performance specification.

All Structural Elements


Blinding/Mass Concrete

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Page 9

KN/mm2
KN/mm2
mm
mm

a maximum crack width of 0.20 mm shall be adopted; crack width shall be

m
KN/m2
1/2*Pw*D*D/3
KNm
KNm
m
KN/m2

1.46304 KN/m2

KN/m2
1/2*Psoil*Hwall*Hwall/3+Psur*Hwall*Hwall/2
KNm
KNm
0.726*(cm*Kh*w*H)*H
Max. value of pressure coefficient for a given constant slope
0.735*(/90)
Fraction of Gravity adopted for horizontal (h/g)
KN/m3
KN
0.412*Ph*H
KNm
KNm
KNm

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Page 10

Fig: Load Diagram

crete Rectangular Section

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Page 11

KNm
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.598*Mult*10^6/fckbd2))
mm2
0.12% of bD
mm2

<

1141.662 mm2

OK

mm
Nos.
mm

mm2
m
0.2% of hH
mm2
mm2
mm
mm2
Nos.
mm

0.138*fck*b*d2
SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
mm

<

392 mm

OK

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 12

mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^2)-db/2

mm
red to the surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
KNm

N/mm2

as per IS 456:2000 Table 21

KN/mm

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d

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Page 13

mm
mm
N/mm2
(fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
N/mm2
(fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)

b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack width of 0.2mm

3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x))
mm

>

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

0.2 mm

OK

Page 14

Design of Vertical Wall at Deeper Depth


1 Geotechnical Design Data
Specific Gravity, =
Natural Moisture Content of Soil , =
Angle of Internal Friction, =
Allowable Bearing Capacity of Soil, =
Permissible Settlement =

2.63
2.68
8.18
17.50
30.0
38.0
220.0
40.0

Soil Subgrade =
16500.0
2 Design Criteria
2.1 Design Loading
a The
Dead
Load densities and dead load allowances will be adopted in the design of the
following
structural elements:
Density of Reinforced Concrete =

25.0

Density of Unreinforced Concrete =

23.0

Density of Soil =

19.2

Density of Water =

10.0

Submerged Density of Concrete =

10.0

Submerged Density of Soil =

10.0

b Super Imposed Load


The following super imposed dead loads shall be taken into account:
Floor Finishes =

1.5

Services =

1.0

c Live Load
The following live loads shall be taken into account:
Loading Bay =

7.5

d Earth Pressure
For the design of earth retaining structural elements, the earth pressure will be deter
Active Earth Pressure Coefficient, Ka = 0.333333
Passive Earth Pressure Coefficient, Kb =
3
Rest Pressure Coefficient, Ko =
0.5
2.2 Load Combination
Ultimate Limit State
ULS_01
1.5 DL
1.5 LL
1.5 EP
1.5 WP
1.5 T
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Page 15+4

Serviciability Limit State


SLS_01
1 DL
1 LL
1 EP
1 WP
1T
Legend:
DL Dead Load
LL
Live Load
EP
Earth Pressure
WP Water Pressure
T
Uniform Temperature

2.3 Materials
All materials shall conform to the applicable standards as stated herein or as specifie
a Concrete
The following concrete grades and properties shall be used:
M30 = All Structural Elements
M20 = Blinding/Mass Concrete

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 16+4

b Reinforcing Steel
The following steel grades and properties shall be used:
Yield Strength, fy =
Modulus of Elasticity, Es =

415

Earth Faces Exposure =


Exposed to Weather =

75
50

200

2.4 Concrete Cover

Crack
Control
For
retaining
aqueous liquids structures a maximum crack width of 0.20 mm shall be
calculated to BS8007.
3 Design of Vertical Wall and Base Slab
Maximum Water Depth, D =

1.6764

Water Pressure, Pw =

16.764
Service Moment due to Water Pressure = 1/2*Pw*D*D/3
= 7.852026
Ultimate Moment due to Water Pressure =
11.778
Maximum Wall Height, Hwall =

1.8288
Rest Earth Pressure due to Soil, Psoil = 1/2*s*h
= 17.55648
Rest Earth Pressure due to Surcharge Psur =

3.75
Service Moment due to Earth Pressure = 1/2*Psoil*Hwall*Hwall/3+Psur*Hw
= 16.05726
Ultimate Moment due to Earth Pressure = 24.0859

Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ph = 0.726*(cm*Kh*w*H)*H


Rest Earth Pressure due to Soil, Psoil = 1/2*s*h
cm = Maxi. value of pressure coeffi
Where,
= 0.735*(/90)
=
0.735
Kh = Fraction of Gravity adopted
=

0.1

w =

10

Therefore,
Hydrodynamic Pressure, Ph = 1.499613
Service Moment due to Hydrodynamic Pressure = 0.412*Ph*H
= 1.035748
Ultimate Moment due to Hydrodynamic Pressure = 1.55362
Total Ultimate Moment due to Water Pressure = 13.3317

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Page 17+4

Fig: Load Diagram


4 Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Section
Structural Design of Swimming Pools
4.1 Factored Bending Moments (KNm)
Mult = 24.0859
4.2 Properties of Concrete Section & Steel
Diameter of Rebar, D =
16
Compressive Strength of Concrete, fcu =

30

Yield Strength of Steel, fy =


Width of Rectangular Section, b =
Width of Rectangular Section, h =
Effective Depth to the Tension Reinforcement, d =

415
1000
250
192

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Page 18+4

4.3 Main Renforcement

Area of Steel, Ast = 1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.59


=

356.638

Minimum Area of Steel, Ast,min = 0.12% of bD


=

600

Area of One Steel Rebar = 201.0619


No. of Rebar Required, n =
3
Spacing of Rebar, s = 333.3333
Therefore, Provide 16mm Dia Rebar @ 150mm c/c
Total Provided Area, Ast,pro = 1340.41
4.4 Horizontal Reinforcement
Height of Wall, H =
1.8288
According to IS 456:2000,
Area of Horizontal Rebar = 0.2% of hH
=
914.4
For one face,
Area of Rebar =
Diameter of Rebar =

457.2
10

Area of One Rebar = 78.53982


No. of Rebar, n =
7
Spacing of Rebar, s = 261.2571
Therefore, Provide 10mm Dia Rebar @ 150mm c/c
4.5 Check for Depth
We have,
2
M = 0.138*fck*b*d

Therefore,
d = SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
= 76.2748
4.6 Check on Crack Width
fck =

30

fy =

415

Area of Reinforcement, As = 1340.413


b=
1000
h=
250
d=
192
Minimum Cover to Tension Reinforcement, Cmin =
50
Maximum Rebar Spacing, S =
125
Diameter of Rebar, db =
16

acr = SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^
= 77.26576

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Page 19+4

acr is the distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudina
Applied Service Moment, Ms = 16.05726
Calculation
Permissible Compressive
Strength of Concrete in Bending =
10
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel, Es =
200
Modular Ratio, =
9.33
= As/bd
=
0.00698
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =
=
Z=
=
Reinforcement Stress, fs =

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d
57.92067
d-x/3
172.6931
Ms/(As*Z)

= 69.36778
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
=

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3.21

Page 20+4

Strain at Soffit of Concrete Beam/Slab, 1 = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)


= 0.000497
Strain due to Stiffening Effect of Concrete
between Cracks, 2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for cra
= 0.000342
Average strain for calculation of crack width, m = 1- 2

= 0.000155
Calculated Crack Width, w = 3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x)
= 0.027935

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Page 21+4

%
%

Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max

KN/m2
mm
KN/m2/m

330000 KN/m2/m

will be adopted in the design of the


KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3

ken into account:


KN/m2
KN/m2

KN/m2

s, the earth pressure will be determined as follows:


(used for Check Stability)
(used for Design of Section)

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 22+4

rds as stated herein or as specified in the performance specification.

All Structural Elements


Blinding/Mass Concrete

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Page 23+4

KN/mm2
KN/mm2
mm
mm

m crack width of 0.20 mm shall be adopted; crack width shall be

m
KN/m2
1/2*Pw*D*D/3
KNm
KNm
m
KN/m2
KN/m2
1/2*Psoil*Hwall*Hwall/3+Psur*Hwall*Hwall/2
KNm
KNm
0.726*(cm*Kh*w*H)*H
Maxi. value of pressure coefficient for a given constant slope
0.735*(/90)
Fraction of Gravity adopted for horizontal (h/g)
KN/m3
KN
0.412*Ph*H
KNm
KNm
KNm

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Page 24+4

Fig: Load Diagram

tangular Section

KNm
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm

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Page 25+4

1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.598*Mult*10^6/fckbd2))
mm2
0.12% of bD
mm2

<

356.6379 mm2

NG

mm2
Nos.
mm
mm2
m
0.2% of hH
mm2
mm2
mm
mm2
Nos.
mm

0.138*fck*b*d2
SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
mm

<

192 mm

OK

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^2)-db/2
mm

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 26+4

surface of the nearest longitudinal bar


KNm

N/mm2

as per IS 456:2000 Table 21

KN/mm2

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d
mm
mm
N/mm2
(fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
N/mm2

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 27+4

(fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)

b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack width of 0.2mm

3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x))
mm

>

0.2 mm

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

OK

Page 28+4

Design of Base Slab at Deeper Depth


1 Geotechnical Design Data
Specific Gravity, =
Natural Moisture Content of Soil , =
Angle of Internal Friction, =
Allowable Bearing Capacity of Soil, =
Permissible Settlement =

2.63
2.68
8.18
17.50
30.0
38.0
220.0
40.0

Soil Subgrade =
16500.0
2 Design Criteria
2.1 Design Loading
a The
Dead
Load densities and dead load allowances will be adopted in the design of the
following
structural elements:
Density of Reinforced Concrete =

25.0

Density of Unreinforced Concrete =

23.0

Density of Soil =

19.2

Density of Water =

10.0

Submerged Density of Concrete =

10.0

Submerged Density of Soil =

10.0

b Super Imposed Load


The following super imposed dead loads shall be taken into account:
Floor Finishes =

1.5

Services =

1.0

c Live Load
The following live loads shall be taken into account:
Loading Bay =

7.5

d Earth Pressure
For the design of earth retaining structural elements, the earth pressure will be deter
Active Earth Pressure Coefficient, Ka = 0.333333
Passive Earth Pressure Coefficient, Kb =
3
Rest Pressure Coefficient, Ko =
0.5
2.2 Load Combination
Ultimate Limit State
ULS_01
1.5 DL
1.5 LL
1.5 EP
1.5 WP
1.5 T
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Page 29+8

Serviciability Limit State


SLS_01
1 DL
1 LL
1 EP
1 WP
1T
Legend:
DL Dead Load
LL
Live Load
EP
Earth Pressure
WP Water Pressure
T
Uniform Temperature
2.3 Materials

All materials shall conform to the applicable standards as stated herein or as specifie
a Concrete
The following concrete grades and properties shall be used:

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 30+8

M30 = All Structural Elements


M20 = Blinding/Mass Concrete
b Reinforcing Steel
The following steel grades and properties shall be used:
Yield Strength, fy =
Modulus of Elasticity, Es =

415

Earth Faces Exposure =


Exposed to Weather =

75
50

200

2.4 Concrete Cover

Crack
Control
For retaining
aqueous liquids structures a maximum crack width of 0.20 mm shall be
calculated to BS8007.
3 Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Section
Structural Design of Swimming Pools
3.1 Factored Bending Moments (KNm)
Mult =
155.06
3.2 Properties of Concrete Section & Steel
Diameter of Rebar, D =
16
Compressive Strength of Concrete, fcu =

30

Yield Strength of Steel, fy =


415
Width of Rectangular Section, b =
1000
Width of Rectangular Section, h =
400
Effective Depth to the Tension Reinforcement, d =
342
3.3 Main Renforcement
Area of Steel, Ast = 1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.59
=

1327.08

Minimum Area of Steel, Ast,min = 0.2% of bD


=

800

Area of One Steel Rebar = 201.0619


No. of Rebar Required, n =
7
Spacing of Rebar, s = 142.8571
Therefore, Provide 16mm Dia Rebar @ 125mm c/c
Total Provided Area, Ast,pro =
1608.5
3.4 Check for Depth
We have,
2
M = 0.138*fck*b*d

Therefore,
d = SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
= 193.531
3.5 Check on Crack Width
Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 31+8

fck =

30

fy =

415

Area of Reinforcement, As = 1608.495


b=
1000
h=
400
d=
342
Minimum Cover to Tension Reinforcement, Cmin =
50
Maximum Rebar Spacing, S =
125
Diameter of Rebar, db =
16

acr = SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^

= 77.26576
acr is the distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudina
Applied Service Moment, Ms = 103.3733
Calculation
Permissible Compressive
Strength of Concrete in Bending =
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel, Es =
Modular Ratio, =

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

10
200
9.33

Page 32+8

= As/bd
=
0.00470
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =
=
Z=
=
Reinforcement Stress, fs =

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d
87.42767
d-x/3
312.8574
Ms/(As*Z)

= 205.4197
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
=

7.56
Strain at Soffit of Concrete Beam/Slab, 1 = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)
= 0.001261
Strain due to Stiffening Effect of Concrete
between Cracks, 2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for cra
= 0.000398
Average strain for calculation of crack width, m = 1- 2

= 0.000863
Calculated Crack Width, w = 3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x)
= 0.170413
3.6 Check for Soil Bearing Capacity
Thickness of Plain Concrete Slab =
Thickness of Reinforced Base Slab =
The Maximum Water Depth =

75
400
3.5052

Pressure on Soil due to Base Slab and Water =


46.777
Assumming the Vertical Wall Weight shall acting on 1m width of Base Slab
Weight of Vertical Wall =

32.004

Total Pressure on the Soil =

78.781

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 33+8

%
%

Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max

KN/m2
mm

15000

KN/m2/m

330000 KN/m2/m
for 1 and 2 Direction

will be adopted in the design of the


KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3

ken into account:


KN/m2
KN/m2

KN/m2

s, the earth pressure will be determined as follows:


(used for Check Stability)
(used for Design of Section)

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 34+8

rds as stated herein or as specified in the performance specification.

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 35+8

All Structural Elements


Blinding/Mass Concrete

KN/mm2
KN/mm2
mm
mm

m crack width of 0.20 mm shall be adopted; crack width shall be

tangular Section

KNm
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.598*Mult*10^6/fckbd2))
mm2
0.2% of bD
mm2

<

1327.075 mm2

OK

mm
Nos.
mm

mm2

0.138*fck*b*d2
SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
mm

<

342 mm

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

OK

Page 36+8

N/mm2
N/mm2
mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^2)-db/2

mm
surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
KNm

N/mm2

as per IS 456:2000 Table 21

KN/mm

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 37+8

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d
mm
mm
N/mm2
(fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
N/mm2
(fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)

b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack width of 0.2mm

3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x))
mm

>

0.2 mm

OK

mm
mm
m
KN/m2
1m width of Base Slab
KN/m2
KN/m2

<

Allowable Bearing Capacity of Soil,

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 38+8

Design of Base Slab at Shallower Depth


1 Geotechnical Design Data
Specific Gravity, =
Natural Moisture Content of Soil , =
Angle of Internal Friction, =
Allowable Bearing Capacity of Soil, =
Permissible Settlement =

2.63
2.68
8.18
17.50
30.0
38.0
220.0
40.0

Soil Subgrade =
16500.0
2 Design Criteria
2.1 Design Loading
a The
Dead
Load densities and dead load allowances will be adopted in the design of the
following
structural elements:
Density of Reinforced Concrete =

25.0

Density of Unreinforced Concrete =

23.0

Density of Soil =

19.2

Density of Water =

10.0

Submerged Density of Concrete =

10.0

Submerged Density of Soil =

10.0

b Super Imposed Load


The following super imposed dead loads shall be taken into account:
Floor Finishes =

1.5

Services =

1.0

c Live Load
The following live loads shall be taken into account:
Loading Bay =

7.5

d Earth Pressure
For the design of earth retaining structural elements, the earth pressure will be deter
Active Earth Pressure Coefficient, Ka = 0.333333
Passive Earth Pressure Coefficient, Kb =
3
Rest Pressure Coefficient, Ko =
0.5
2.2 Load Combination
Ultimate Limit State
ULS_01
1.5 DL
1.5 LL
1.5 EP
1.5 WP
1.5 T
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Page 39+11

Serviciability Limit State


SLS_01
1 DL
1 LL
1 EP
1 WP
1T
Legend:
DL Dead Load
LL
Live Load
EP
Earth Pressure
WP Water Pressure
T
Uniform Temperature

2.3 Materials
All materials shall conform to the applicable standards as stated herein or as specifie
a Concrete
The following concrete grades and properties shall be used:
M30 = All Structural Elements
M20 = Blinding/Mass Concrete

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Page 40+11

b Reinforcing Steel
The following steel grades and properties shall be used:
Yield Strength, fy =
Modulus of Elasticity, Es =

415

Earth Faces Exposure =


Exposed to Weather =

75
50

200

2.4 Concrete Cover

Crack
Control
For
retaining
aqueous liquids structures a maximum crack width of 0.20 mm shall be
calculated to BS8007.
3 Flexural Capacity of Reinforced Concrete Rectangular Section
Structural Design of Swimming Pools
3.1 Factored Bending Moments (KNm)
Mult = 24.0859
3.2 Properties of Concrete Section & Steel
Diameter of Rebar, D =
16
Compressive Strength of Concrete, fcu =

30

Yield Strength of Steel, fy =


415
Width of Rectangular Section, b =
1000
Width of Rectangular Section, h =
250
Effective Depth to the Tension Reinforcement, d =
192
3.3 Main Renforcement
Area of Steel, Ast = 1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.59
=

356.638

Minimum Area of Steel, Ast,min = 0.12% of bD


=

300

Area of One Steel Rebar = 201.0619


No. of Rebar Required, n =
2
Spacing of Rebar, s =
500
Therefore, Provide 16mm Dia Rebar @ 150mm c/c
Total Provided Area, Ast,pro = 1340.41
3.4 Check for Depth
We have,
2
M = 0.138*fck*b*d

Therefore,
d = SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
= 76.2748
3.5 Check on Crack Width

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

fck =

30

fy =

415
Page 41+11

Area of Reinforcement, As = 1340.413


b=
1000
h=
250
d=
192
Minimum Cover to Tension Reinforcement, Cmin =
50
Maximum Rebar Spacing, S =
Diameter of Rebar, db =

125

16
acr = SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^
= 77.26576
acr is the distance from the point considered to the surface of the nearest longitudina
Applied Service Moment, Ms = 16.05726

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 42+11

Calculation
Permissible Compressive
Strength of Concrete in Bending =
10
Modulus of Elasticity of Steel, Es =
200
Modular Ratio, =
9.33
= As/bd
=
0.00698
Depth of Neutral Axis, x =
=
Z=
=
Reinforcement Stress, fs =

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d
57.92067
d-x/3
172.6931
Ms/(As*Z)

= 69.36778
Concrete Stress, fc = (fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)

=
3.21
Strain at Soffit of Concrete Beam/Slab, 1 = (fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)
= 0.000497
Strain due to Stiffening Effect of Concrete
between Cracks, 2 = b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for cra
= 0.000342
Average strain for calculation of crack width, m = 1- 2

= 0.000155
Calculated Crack Width, w = 3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x)
= 0.027935

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 43+11

%
%

Min
Max
Min
Max
Min
Max

KN/m2
mm

15000

KN/m2/m

330000 KN/m2/m
for 1 and 2 Direction

will be adopted in the design of the


KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3
KN/m3

ken into account:


KN/m2
KN/m2

KN/m2

s, the earth pressure will be determined as follows:


(used for Check Stability)
(used for Design of Section)

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 44+11

rds as stated herein or as specified in the performance specification.

All Structural Elements


Blinding/Mass Concrete

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 45+11

KN/mm2
KN/mm2
mm
mm

m crack width of 0.20 mm shall be adopted; crack width shall be

tangular Section

KNm
mm
N/mm2
N/mm2
mm
mm
mm
1/2*fck*bd/fy*(1-SQRT(1-4.598*Mult*10^6/fckbd2))
mm2
0.12% of bD
mm2

<

356.6379 mm2

OK

mm2
Nos.
mm
mm2

0.138*fck*b*d2
SQRT(Mult/(0.138*fck*b))
mm

<

192 mm

OK

N/mm2
N/mm2
Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 46+11

mm2
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
SQRT((S/2)^2+(Cmin+db/2)^2)-db/2

mm
surface of the nearest longitudinal bar
KNm

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

Page 47+11

N/mm2

as per IS 456:2000 Table 21

KN/mm2

(-.+((.)2+2..)0.5d
mm
mm
N/mm2
(fs*As)/(0.5*b*x)
N/mm2
(fs/Es)*(h-x)/(d-x)

b.(h-x)2/(3.Es.As.(d-x)) for crack width of 0.2mm

3.acr. m/(1+2.(acr-Cmin)/(h-x))
mm

>

0.2 mm

Entraspace Technical Consultant Pvt. Ltd.

OK

Page 48+11

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