Articles of

Confederation

Problem

Constitution

Executive Branch

No powerful executives No laws could be

enforced; imbalance of
power

Judicial Branch

No national courts;
dependent on states

No federal courts to
Creation of national
process cases between courts and Supreme
citizens or states; no SC Court
to review legislature

Legislative Branch

Unicameral congress

Imbalance of power

Passing a Law

9/13 states needed

Tyranny of the minority 51% of both houses and

presidential approval

Amending

13/13 states needed

Tyranny of the minority 2/3 of houses and of

state legislatures to
approve

Est. an Army

National Gov. could not Shays' Rebellion

raise or support an army

Congress can raise and

support an army

Taxing

Congress could request

taxation, but up to the
states to enfore

Federal Government can

issue and collect taxes

Trade

Nat. Government
Import taxes were all
couldn't regulate
over the place and
interstate trade or tariffs interstate trade was
unregulated

Slavery

Laws on slavery
dependent on states

States could continue

Compromise; Slave
enslaving people and the trade would end by 1808
slave trade would go on

Native Americans

The central gov.

regulated NA affairs

Bill of Rights

No national-level BoR

Citizens' rights could

legally be abused

1st 10 Amendments
protect citizens' rights

Gov. was broke; States

could chose not to
collect taxes

Installation of powerful
president and cabinet

Bicameral Congress
(HoR and Senate)

Fed. Government can

tax imports and regulate
interstate trade