Chapter 3

According to the endosymbiotic theory, which of the following inferences

can be made? Human beings may have been part bacteria and have an ancestry
arising in prokaryotes.
According to the endosymbiotic theory, which of the following inferences
can be made? Human beings may have been part bacteria and have an ancestry
arising in prokaryotes.
Cellular "fingerprints": can help the immune system distinguish "self" from "nonself."
Cystic fibrosis is to "faulty chloride ion transport," as anxiety and high
blood pressure are to: too much adrenaline binding to membrane beta receptors.
Diffusion across the cell's outer membrane: occurs without the input of energy.
Drugs called beta-blockers do all of the following except: bind to the
cytoplasmic side of a receptor protein.
In an experiment, you measure the concentration of a polar molecule
inside and outside a cell. You find that the concentration is high and
gradually increasing inside the cell. You also measure the ATP
concentration inside the cell and find that it is dropping. What is your best
hypothesis for the process you are observing? Active transport
In chemistry class we learn the rule "like dissolves like" when studying
why polar substances dissolve in each other (like sucrose in water) and
why non-polar substances dissolve in each other (like fats in oil). Which of
the following statements illustrates this rule? Transmembrane proteins remain
in the plasma membrane even though they are not attached to anything.
In Tay-Sachs disease, a genetic mutation causes a malfunction in a certain
organelle that leads to a backup of molecules and proteins, ultimately
interfering with the entire functioning of the cell. Which organelle is
primarily affected by this disease? Lysosomes
Modern airplanes are built with waterproof seals around the windows and
rivets are used to hold the metal sheets to the frame, forming the
fuselage. The waterproof seals are to rivets as ________ are to __________.
tight junctions, desmosomes
Primary active transport is to secondary active transport as ______________ is
to ______________. winding a clock by hand, having the clock run on the stored
energy from winding
Protein sequence A shows a string of leucines (hydrophobic amino acids)
at one end and a string of arginine (hydrophilic amino acids) at the
opposite end, whereas protein sequence B contains purely hydrophilic
amino acids. It is known that both proteins are membrane proteins. Which
of the following statements best classifies Protein A and Protein B? Protein
A is a transmembrane protein; Protein B is a peripheral membrane protein.

Chapter 3
The idea of endosymbiosis is supported by which of the following
observations? All of the above.
The transport of water across a membrane from a solution of lower solute
concentration to a solution of higher solute concentration is best
described as: osmosis.
What are the three types of protein fibers that make up the cytoskeleton?
microtubules, intermediate filaments, and microfilaments
What is the difference between endosymbiosis and invagination?
Endosymbiosis refers to the engulfment of a prokaryotic cell that developed into an
organelle, whereas invagination refers to the membrane folding in on itself and
forming membranous organelles.
What is the main difference between flagella and pili? A pilus is an
appendage that is used for prokaryotic attachment to surfaces, whereas a flagellum
helps the prokaryote move.
Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about passive transport
across the cell membrane? Passive transport may involve chemical energy in the
form of ATP.
Which of the following is NOT true about prokaryotic cells? They have a rigid
cell wall instead of a plasma membrane.
Which of the following statements about prokaryotes and eukaryotes is
FALSE? Prokaryotic cells are about 10 times larger than eukaryotes.
Which of the following statements is correct? Centrioles are not found in plant
cells, and chloroplasts, cell walls and vacuoles are not found in animal cells.
Which of the following types of human cells does NOT contain DNA? red
blood cells